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| 1 | Nat Chem Biol:利用CRISPR-Cas9激活细菌中沉默的基因簇,有望发现新的药物显示文摘为了抵抗疾病,很多医药库中的武器是从细菌当中获得的。如今,利用CRISPR-Cas9基因编辑技术。研究人员揭示出沉默基因中隐藏着的更多潜在的宝藏。作为一类常见的细菌。链霉菌被用来产生很多作为抗生素、抗癌试剂和其他药物的化合物。在一项新的研究中。来自美国伊利诺伊大学和新加坡科技研究局的研究人员利用CRISPR-Cas9技术激活链霉菌中不表达的或者说沉默的基因簇。 | Mingzi M Zhang, Wan Lin Yeo, Ee Lui Ang, Huimin Zhao Fong Tian Wong, Elena Heng Yajie Wang, Shangwen Luo, Ryan E Cobb, Behnam Enghiad, Huimin Zhao Yee Hwee Lim | 2017 | 现代生物医学进展2017，17，17： | 12 |
| 2 | 牧草如何生长——植物生长与放牧管理之关联(英文)显示文摘适当管理饲料饲草资源的基本原则是理解多年生牧草如何生长。长期以来 ,对根系生长有了基本的了解 ,对去叶和环境对根系生长的影响也知之甚多。然而 ,对去叶、干旱及其他环境因素对多年生牧草的影响以及这些牧草对去叶的反应缺乏应有的理解。从牧草返青到开花 ,植物处于短枝阶段 ,适度放牧并不对多年生牧草的健康和活力造成危害 ,因为植物会弥补其失去的叶片。然而 ,当牧草从短枝向长枝阶段 (节间伸长和开花期 )转移时 ,碳水化合物主要用于节间伸长和开花过程。在开花后和休眠前期 ,碳水化合物主要向茎基和植物基部转移 ,以供来年新枝条的发育。因此 ,在花后和休眠前期 ,放牧系统必须被调节到“无放牧”状态。“无放牧”状态 ,如休息、轮牧、延迟轮牧和快速轮牧制 ,其价值在于这种定期的禁牧可提高多年生牧草的活力 ,改善草地的健康状况 ,并且在不利的环境条件下 。 | Ronald E Sosebee David B Wester J Carlos Villalobos Carlton M Britton Changgui Wan Hisham Nofal | 2005 | 草业学报2005，14，1： | 8 |
| 3 | Meta-analysis of subtotal stomach-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy vs pylorus preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy显示文摘AIM: To investigate the differences in outcome following pylorus preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy(PPPD) and subtotal stomach-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy(SSPPD).METHODS: Major databases including Pub Med(Medline), EMBASE and Science Citation Index Expanded and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials(CENTRAL) in The Cochrane Library were searched for comparative studies between patients with PPPD and SSPPD published between January 1978 and July 2014. Studies were selected based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. The primary outcome was delayed gastric emptying(DGE). Secondary outcomes included operation time, intraoperative blood loss, pancreatic fistula, postoperative hemorrhage, intraabdominal abscess, wound infection, time to starting liquid diet, time to starting solid diet, period of nasogastric intubation, reinsertion of nasogastric tube, mortality and hospital stay. The pooled odds ratios(OR) or weighted mean difference(WMD) with 95% confidence intervals(95%CI) were calculated using either a fixed-effects or random-effects model. RESULTS: Eight comparative studies recruiting 650 patients were analyzed, which include two RCTs, one non-randomized prospective and 5 retrospective trial designs. Patients undergoing SSPPD experienced significantly lower rates of DGE(OR = 2.75; 95%CI: 1.75-4.30, P < 0.00001) and a shorter period of nasogastric intubation(OR = 2.68; 95%CI: 0.77-4.58,P < 0.00001), with a tendency towards shorter time to liquid(WMD = 2.97, 95%CI:-0.46-7.83; P = 0.09) and solid diets(WMD = 3.69, 95%CI:-0.46-7.83; P = 0.08) as well as shorter inpatient stay(WMD = 3.92, 95%CI:-0.37-8.22; P = 0.07), although these latter three did not reach statistical significance. PPPD, however, was associated with less intraoperative blood loss than SSPPD [WMD =-217.70, 95%CI:-429.77-(-5.63); P = 0.04]. There were no differences in other parameters between the two approaches, including operative time(WMD =-5.30, 95%CI:-43.44-32.84; P = 0.79), pancreatic fistula(OR = 0.91; 95%CI: 0.56-1.49; P = 0.70), postoperative hemorrhage(OR = 0.51; 95%CI: 0.15-1.74; P = 0.29), intraabdominal abscess(OR = 1.05; 95%CI: 0.54-2.05; P = 0.89), wound infection(OR = 0.88; 95%CI: 0.39-1.97; P = 0.75), reinsertion of nasogastric tube(OR = 1.90; 95%CI: 0.91-3.97; P = 0.09) and mortality(OR = 0.31; 95%CI: 0.05-2.01; P = 0.22).CONCLUSION: SSPPD may improve intraoperative and short-term postoperative outcomes compared to PPPD, especially DGE. However, these findings need to be further ascertained by well-designed randomized controlled trials. | Wei Huang Jun-Jie Xiong Mei-Hua Wan Peter Szatmary Shameena Bharucha Ilias Gomatos Quentin M Nunes Qing Xia Robert Sutton Xu-Bao Liu | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，20： | 8 |
| 4 | Effect of nitrogen fertilization on yield, N content, and nitrogen fixation of alfalfa and smooth bromegrass grown alone or in mixture in greenhouse pots显示文摘Planting grass and legume mixtures on improved grasslands has the potential advantage of realizing both higher yields and lower environmental pollution by optimizing the balance between applied N fertilizer and the natural process of legume biological nitrogen fixation. However, the optimal level of N fertilization for grass-legume mixtures, to obtain the highest yield, quality, and contribution of N2 fixation, varies with species. A greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to study the temporal dynamics of N2 fixation of alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.) grown alone and in mixture with smooth bromegrass(Bromus inermis Leyss.) in response to the addition of fertilizer N. Three levels of N(0, 75, and 150 kg ha–1) were examined using 15N-labeled urea to evaluate N2 fixation via the 15 N isotope dilution method. Treatments were designated N0(0.001 g per pot), N75(1.07 g per pot) and N150(2.14 g per pot). Alfalfa grown alone did not benefit from the addition of fertilizer N; dry matter was not significantly increased. In contrast, dry weight and N content of smooth bromegrass grown alone was increased significantly by N application. When grown as a mixture, smooth bromegrass biomass was increased significantly by N application, resulted in a decrease in alfalfa biomass. In addition, individual alfalfa plant dry weight(shoots+roots) was significantly lower in the mixture than when grown alone at all N levels. Smooth bromegrass shoot and root dry weight were significantly higher when grown with alfalfa than when grown alone, regardless of N application level. When grown alone, alfalfa's N2 fixation was reduced with N fertilization(R2=0.9376, P=0.0057). When grown in a mixture with smooth bromegrass, with 75 kg ha–1 of N fertilizer, the percentage of atmospheric N2 fixation contribution to total N in alfalfa(%Ndfa) had a maximum of 84.07 and 83.05% in the 2nd and 3rd harvests, respectively. Total 3-harvest %Ndfa was higher when alfalfa was grown in a mixture than when grown alone(shoots: |t|=3.39, P=0.0096; root: |t|=3.57, P=0.0073). We believe this was due to smooth bromegrass being better able to absorb available soil N(due to its fibrous root system), resulting inlower soil N availability and allowing alfalfa to develop an effective N2 fixing symbiosis prior to the 1st harvest. Once soil N levels were depleted, alfalfa was able to fix N2, resulting in the majority of its tissue N being derived from biological nitrogen fixation(BNF) in the 2nd and 3rd harvests. When grown in a mixture, with added N, alfalfa established an effective symbiosis earlier than when grown alone; in monoculture BNF did not contribute a significant portion of plant N in the N75 and N150 treatments, whereas in the mixture, BNF contributed 17.90 and 16.28% for these treatments respectively. Alfalfa has a higher BNF efficiency when grown in a mixture, initiating BNF earlier, and having higher N2 fixation due to less inhibition by soil-available N. For the greatest N-use-efficiency and sustainable production, grass-legume mixtures are recommended for improving grasslands, using a moderate amount of N fertilizer(75 kg N ha–1) to provide optimum benefits. | XIE Kai-yun LI Xiang-lin HE Feng ZHANG Ying-jun WAN Li-qiang David B Hannaway WANG Dong QIN Yan Gamal M A Fadul | 2015 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2015，14，9： | 5 |
| 5 | 全髋关节置换中髋臼假体位置对磨损的影响显示文摘髋臼杯倾斜角对全髋关节置换非常重要。研究显示,髋臼杯的倾斜角应≤45°,否则会加剧磨损。 | Wan Z Boutary M Dorr LD | 2009 | 中华骨科杂志2009，29，3： | 4 |
| 6 | Genetic transformation of wheat mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens显示文摘 | Cheng M Fry J E Pang S Zhou H Hironaka C M Duncan D R Conner T W Wan Y | 1997 | Plant Physiol1997，，： | 2 |
| 7 | Physical properties of dewatered wastewater sludge for landfilling 显示文摘 | Koening A Kay J N Wan I M | 1996 | War Sci Tech1996，34，34： | 2 |
| 8 | Identification of rheological and structural characteristics of foamable poly(ethylene terephthalate) by reactive extrusion显示文摘 | M Xanthos C Wan R Dhavalikar | 2004 | Polymer International2004，53，8： | 1 |
| 9 | Mechanism of proton doping in polyaniline显示文摘 | Yang J P | 1995 | J Appli Polym Sci1995，55，： | 1 |
| 10 | Composite of polyaniline containing iron oxides with nanometer size显示文摘 | Zhou W Li J | 1996 | Synth Met1996，78，： | 1 |
| 11 | Clinical measures of disease severity and outcome in psoriasis:a critical appraisal of their quality显示文摘 | ASHCROFT D M WAN PO A L WILLIAMS H C | 1999 | Br J Dermatol1999，141，2： | 1 |
| 12 | Flepeated-bateh production of kojie acid in a cell- retention fermenter using Aspergillus oryzae M3B9 显示文摘 | H M Wan C C Chen R Giridhar el al | 2005 | Ind Mierobiol Biotechnol2005，32，： | 1 |
| 13 | Influence of the Reynolds number on chaotic mixing in a spatially periodic micromixer and its characterization using dynamical system techniques 显示文摘 | XIA H M SHU C WAN Y M | 2006 | Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering2006，16，1： | 1 |
| 14 | Genetic analysis of a novel dominant rice dwarf mutant 986083D显示文摘 | Qin R Z Qiu Y Cheng Z J Shan X Y Guo X P Zhai H Q Wan J M | 2008 | Euphytica2008，160，： | 1 |
| 15 | Growth performance and immune response of channel catfish (Ictalurus puctatus) fed diets containing graded levels of gossypol-acetic acid显示文摘 | Yildirim M Lira C Wan P J | 2003 | Aquaculture2003，219，： | 1 |
| 16 | Metal directed assembly of 1 - D and 2 --D coordination polymers with f luconazole and dicyanamide co --ligand显示文摘 | Zhao X J Wan g Q Du M | | Inorg Chim Act a0，，： | 1 |
| 17 | Active constituents against HIV-1 protease from Garcinia mangostana显示文摘 | Chen SX Wan M Loh BN | 1996 | Planta med1996，62，4： | 1 |
| 18 | Telangiectatic osteosarcoma:radiologic-pathologic comparison显示文摘 | Mark D M Suphanee wan Jaovisidha H Thomas T | 2003 | Radiology2003，229，： | 1 |
| 19 | An efficient off-line formulation of robust model predictive control using linear matrix inequalities显示文摘 | Wan Z Kothare M V | 2003 | Automatica2003，39，6： | 1 |
| 20 | A physics-based algorithm for retrieving land-surface emissivity and temperature from EOS/MODIS data显示文摘 | Wan Z M Li Z L | 1997 | IEEE Transactions on Geoscience Remote Sensing1997，35，4： | 1 |
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