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| 1 | Rubber band ligation for 750 cases of symptomatic hemorrhoids out of 2200 cases显示文摘AIM: To study the results for the treatment of symptomatic hemorrhoids using rubber band ligation (RBL) method. METHODS: A retrospective study for 750 patients who came to the colorectal unit from June, 1998 to September, 2006, data was retrieved from archived fi les. RBL was performed using the Mc Gown applicator on an outpatient basis. The patients were asked to return to out-patient clinic for follow up at 2 wk, 1 mo, 6 mo and through telephone call every 6 mo for 2 years). RESULTS: After RBL, 696 patients (92.8%) were cured with no difference in outcome for second or third degree hemorrhoids (P = 0.31). Symptomatic recurrence was detected in 11.04% after 2 years. A total of 52 patients (6.93%) had 77 complications from RBL which required no hospitalization. Complications were pain, rectal bleeding and vaso-vagal symptoms(4.13%, 4.13% and 1.33% of patients, respectively). At 1 mo there were a significant improvement in mean SF-36 scores over baseline in five items, while after 2 years there were improvement in all items over baseline, but not significant. No significant manometeric changes after band ligation. CONCLUSION: RBL is a simple, safe and effective method for treating symptomatic second and third degree hemorrhoids as an out patient procedure with signifi cant improvement in quality of life. RBL doesn't alter ano-rectal functions. | Ayman M El Nakeeb Amir A Fikry Waleed H Omar Elyamani M Fouda Tito A El Metwally Hosam E Ghazy Sabry A Badr Mohmed Y Abu Elkhar Salih M Elawady Hisham H Abd Elmoniam Waiel W Khafagy Mosaad M Morshed Ramadan E El Lithy Mohamed E Farid | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，42： | 24 |
| 2 | Colorectal cancer with liver metastases:Neoadjuvant chemotherapy,surgical resection first or palliation alone?显示文摘Colorectal cancer(CRC) is one of the commonest cancers with 1.2 million new cases diagnosed each year in the world.It remains the fourth most common cause of cancer-related mortality in the world and accounts for > 600000 cancer-related deaths each year.There have been significant advances in treatment of metastatic CRC in last decade or so,due to availability of new active targeted agents and more aggressive approach towards the management of CRC,particularly with liver-only-metastases;however,these drugs work best when combined with conventional chemotherapy agents.Despite these advances,there is a lack of biomarkers to inform us about the accurate management of the patients with metastatic CRC.It is therefore imperative to carefully select the patients with comprehensive multi-disciplinary team input in order to optimise the management of these patients.In this review we will discuss various treatment options available in management of colorectal liver metastases with potential guidance on how and when to choose these options along with consideration on future directions in management of this disease. | Khurum Khan Anita Wale Gina Brown Ian Chau | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，35： | 22 |
| 3 | Trends and outcomes of pancreaticoduodenectomy for periampullary tumors: A 25-year single-center study of 1000 consecutive cases显示文摘AIM To evaluate the evolution, trends in surgical approaches a n d r e c o n s t r u c t i o n t e c h n i q u e s, a n d i m p o r t a n t lessons learned from performing 1000 consecutive pancreaticoduodenectomies(PDs) for periampullary tumors.METHODS This is a retrospective review of the data of all patients who underwent PD for periampullary tumor during the period from January 1993 to April 2017. The data were categorized into three periods, including early period(1993-2002), middle period(2003-2012), and late period(2013-2017).RESULTS The frequency showed PD was increasingly performed after the year 2000. With time, elderly, cirrhotic and obese patients, as well as patients with uncinate process carcinoma and borderline tumor were increasingly selected for PD. The median operative time and postoperative hospital stay decreased significantly over the periods. Hospital mortality declined significantly, from 6.6% to 3.1%. Postoperative complications significantly decreased, from 40% to 27.9%. There was significant decrease in postoperative pancreatic fistula in the second 10 years, from 15% to 12.7%. There was a significant improvement in median survival and overall survival among the periods.CONCLUSION Surgical results of PD significantly improved, with mortality rate nearly reaching 3%. Pancreatic reconstruction following PD is still debatable. The survival rate was also improved but the rate of recurrence is still high, at 36.9%. | ayman el nakeeb waleed askar ehab atef ehab el hanafy ahmad m sultan tarek salah ahmed shehta mohamed el sorogy emad hamdy mohamed el hemly ahmed a el-geidi tharwat kandil mohamed el shobari talaat abd allah amgad fouad mostafa abu zeid ahmed abu el eneen nabil gad el-hak gamal el ebidy omar fathy ahmed sultan mohamed abdel wahab | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，38： | 15 |
| 4 | 基于双吸肥口的低压文丘里施肥器设计与试验显示文摘为降低文丘里施肥器的吸肥临界进口压力,使之适用于低压灌溉施肥系统,设计了一种双吸肥口文丘里施肥器。选取喉管收缩比、收缩段角度、扩散段角度和喉管长径比4个结构参数,采用正交试验设计方法,构建16种结构参数组合方案,运用CFD模拟技术对每种方案的吸肥性能进行模拟,以吸肥性能为评价指标确定最佳结构参数组合,并根据最佳结构参数组合试制文丘里施肥器原型样品,并在0~0.15 MPa进口压力范围内对其吸肥性能进行分析。结果表明,最佳结果参数为:喉管收缩比为0.3、收缩段角度为20?、扩散段角度为8°、喉管长径比为1.1。最佳结构文丘里施肥器试制样品实测结果与模拟分析结果一致,在相同进口压力下各个实测值均略小于模拟分析值,实测与模拟吸肥量、进口流量比、肥液浓度和吸肥效率的均方根误差分别为0.22 L/min、0.96%、0.93%和0.68%。在相同进口压力下,相比于相同结构参数的单吸肥口文丘里施肥器,模拟得出的吸肥量提高了90%,进口流量比提高了85%,肥液浓度提高了80%,吸肥效率提高了80%,表明双吸肥口施肥器的吸肥性能比单吸肥口施肥器有较大提高;双吸肥口施肥器实测临界进口压力为0.007 MPa,当进口压力为0.05 MPa时其吸肥浓度可达13.6%,与现有文丘里施肥器相比,在获得同等或更高的吸肥性能时具有更低的工作进口压力,更适用于低压滴灌系统。 | 张建阔 李加念 吴昊 马泽宇 Waleed Elnour Babekir Salih 胡赫谌 | 2017 | 农业工程学报2017，33，14： | 15 |
| 5 | Liquid Phase Bonding of 316L Stainless Steel to AZ31 Magnesium Alloy显示文摘The excellent corrosion resistance,formability and strength make stainless steels versatile for diverse applications.However,its high specific strength and good crashworthiness make it suitable for transportation and aerospace industry.On the other hand,the need to reduce the weight of vehicle and aerospace components has created renewed interest in the use of magnesium alloys.Due to their differences in physical and metallurgical properties,bonding of the 316L steel and AZ31 magnesium alloy using conventional fusion welding methods encountered many limitations.Therefore,the use of liquid phase forming interlayers is required to overcome the differences in their properties,eliminates the need for a high bonding pressure to achieve intimate contact between the bonded surfaces.Both Cu and Ni interlayers successively formed a eutectic phase with magnesium.The formation of intermetallics and Mg diffusion caused the eutectic phase to isothermally solidify with increasing bonding time.The formation of ternary intermetallic phases(λ1 and B2) impaired the bond shear strength particularly at the end of the isothermal solidification stage where no eutectic phase was observed.However,the joints showed a higher shear strength value of 57 MPa when bonding with Cu interlayer at 530℃ for 30 min compared to 32 MPa when Ni interlayer was used at 510℃ for 20 min. | Waled Elthalabawy Tahir Khan | 2011 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2011，27，1： | 14 |
| 6 | 直肠骶骨筋膜的临床和尸体标本解剖观察及其临床意义显示文摘目的熟悉直肠骶骨筋膜形态及走行,对于在全直肠系膜切除术(TME)中,保证直肠系膜完整性及保护自主神经盆丛至关重要,但目前尚缺乏对直肠骶骨筋膜的全面完整描述。本文通过高清腹腔镜或机器人TME中的临床观察和尸体标本解剖,对直肠骶骨筋膜形态及走行进行观察总结,并讨论该区域的最佳游离路径。方法采用描述性病例系列研究方法,回顾性分析2018年1—12月期间就诊于福建医科大学附属协和医院结直肠外科的127例直肠癌患者的临床病理资料和手术录像,及同期科室数码数据库的20例TME术后直肠标本的高清照片,同时纳入来源于福建医科大学解剖学教研室的28例人体尸体标本,观察直肠骶骨筋膜形态和移行情况。结果(1)总结手术录像提示,127例患者均可观察到直肠骶骨筋膜从后方呈水平弧形附着于直肠固有筋膜,形成融合筋膜。融合区域无法直接分离,如不离断,则容易破坏直肠固有筋膜。离断后,沿着直肠后方直肠骶骨筋膜附着缘向右侧观察,见该水平以下右侧间隙下半部仍为融合筋膜,该融合筋膜在侧方上半部重新分开为直肠固有筋膜与腹下神经前筋膜,该分开处的腹下神经前筋膜为侧方间隙分离时的刚性障碍。沿着其分开处逐步切断该筋膜,可见由右骶(S)2~S4发出的盆丛被灰白色腹下神经前筋膜覆盖,观察到该筋膜与Denonvilliers筋膜前间隙已被切断的Denonvilliers筋膜前叶相延续;而内侧的直肠固有筋膜仍完整。右侧直肠骶骨筋膜附着缘从后上向前下斜行走行。左侧直肠骶骨筋膜形态与右侧对称。(2)观察28例半骨盆尸体标本发现,于S4椎体下缘水平,腹下神经前筋膜向前与直肠固有筋膜融合成直肠骶骨筋膜。向直肠右侧间隙进行分离,逐步切断直肠骶骨筋膜的右侧附着缘,见直肠骶骨筋膜附着缘从后上走行至前下,呈斜行走向。附着缘向头侧移行为腹下神经前筋膜,向前移行为Denonvilliers筋膜前叶。盆丛在前侧方发出多支细小直肠支,呈束状穿过腹下神经前筋膜和Denonvilliers筋膜前叶的相互移行区,支配直肠。(3)对20例TME标本进行观察,见后方直肠骶骨筋膜附着缘围绕着直肠系膜呈弧形,两侧附着缘呈斜行。后方和两侧附着缘后下方的直肠系膜被直肠骶骨筋膜包绕,附着缘水平的前上方直肠系膜被直肠固有筋膜包绕。结论结合直肠骶骨筋膜形态学特点,术中应于S4椎体水平在直肠后方弧形切断直肠骶骨筋膜,从直肠后间隙进入肛提肌上间隙;进行两侧间隙分离前应先行直肠前方间隙的分离,倒'U'型切断Denonvilliers筋膜前叶,沿着Denonvilliers筋膜后间隙从上向下分离侧前方间隙,最后切断直肠骶骨筋膜的两侧附着缘,方可保证直肠侧方筋膜的完整,且并不损伤盆丛分支与神经血管束。 | 王枭杰 Waleed M.Ghareeb 池畔 黄颖 | 2020 | 中华胃肠外科杂志2020，23，7： | 13 |
| 7 | Relationship between vitamin D and IL-23,IL-17 and macrophage chemoattractant protein-1 as markers of fibrosis in hepatitis C virus Egyptians显示文摘AIM:To assess vitamin D in hepatitis C patients and its relationship to interleukin (IL)-23, IL-17, and macrophage chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). METHODS:The study was conducted on 50 Egyptian hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype number IV-infected patients and 25 ageand gender-matched healthy subjects. Venous blood samples were obtained. Samples were allowed to clot and sera were separated by centrifugation and stored at -20 ℃. A 25 hydroxy vitamin D assay was carried out using solid phase RIA. A 1,25 dihydroxy vitamin D assay was carried out using a commercial kit purchased from Incstar Corporation. IL-17 and -23 and MCP-1 were assayed by an enzyme immunoassay. Quantitative and qualitative polymerase chain reaction for HCV virus were done by TaqMan technology. Only HCV genotype IV-infected subjectswere included in the study. The mean ± SD were determined, a t-test for comparison of means of different parameters was used. Correlation analysis was done using Pearson's correlation. Differences among different groups were determined using the Kruskal-Wallis test. RESULTS:The mean vitamin D level in HCV patients (groupⅠ) was 15 ± 5.2 ng/mL while in control (group Ⅱ) was 39.7 ± 10.8. For active vitamin D in groupⅠas 16.6 ± 4.8 ng/mL while in group Ⅱ was 41.9 ± 7.9. IL-23 was 154 ± 97.8 in group Ⅰ and 6.7 ± 2.17 in group Ⅱ. IL-17 was 70.7 ± 72.5 in cases and 1.2 ± 0.4 in control. MCP-1 was 1582 ± 794.4 in group Ⅰand 216.1 ± 5.38 in group Ⅱ. Vitamin D deficiency affected 72% of HCV-infected patients and 0% of the control group. Vitamin D insufficiency existed in 28% of HCV-in-fected patients and 12% of the control group. One hundred percent of the cirrhotic patients and 40% of non cirrhotic HCV-infected patients had vitamin D deficiency. IL-23, IL-17, and MCP-1 were markedly increased in HCV-infected patients in comparison to controls.A significant negative correlation between vitamin D and IL-17 and-23 and MCP-1 was detected. HCV-infected males and females showed no differences with respect to viral load, vitamin D levels, IL-17, IL-23 and MCP-1. The viral load was negatively correlated with vitamin D and active vitamin D (P = 0.0001 and P = 0.001, respectively), while positively correlated with IL-23, IL-17, and MCP-1. We classified the patients according to sonar findings into four groups. Group Ⅰa with bright hepatomegaly and included 14 patients. Group Ⅰb with perihepatic fibrosis and included 11 patients. Group Ⅰc with liver cirrhosis and included 11 patients. Group Ⅰd with he patocellular carcinoma (HCC) and included 14 patients. Vitamin D and active vitamin D were shown to be lower in cirrhotic patients and much lower in patients with HCC, and this difference was highly significant (P = 0.0001). IL-17 and-23 and MCP-1 were higher in advanced liver disease) and the differences were highly significant (P = 0.0001).CONCLUSION:Whether the deficiency of vitamin D is related to HCV-induced chronic liver disease or predisposing factor for higher viral load is a matter of debate. | Noha M El Husseiny Hala M Fahmy Waleed A Mohamed Hisham H Amin | 2012 | World Journal of Hepatology2012，4，8： | 12 |
| 8 | Vitamin D deficiency: Correlation to interleukin-17, interleukin-23 and PⅢNP in hepatitis C virus genotype 4显示文摘AIM: To assess vitamin D (Vit D) abnormalities in hepatitis C infected patients and their relationship with interleukin (IL)-17, IL-23 and N-terminal propeptide of type Ⅲ pro-collagen (PⅢNP) as immune response mediators. METHODS: The study was conducted on 50 Egyptian patients (36 male, 14 female) with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, who visited the Hepatology Outpatient Clinic in the Endemic Disease Hospital at Cairo University. Patients were compared with 25 ageand sexmatched healthy individuals. Inclusion criteria were based on a history of liver disease with HCV genotype 4 (HCV-4) infection (as new patients or under followup). Based on ultrasonography, patients were classified into four subgroups; 14 with bright hepatomegaly; 11 with perihepatic fibrosis; 11 with hepatic cirrhosis; and 14 with cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Total Vit D (i.e., 25-OH-Vit D) and active Vit D [i.e., 1,25-(OH) 2 -Vit D] assays were carried out using commercial kits. IL-17, IL-23 and PⅢNP levels were assayed using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay kits, while HCV virus was measured by quantitative and qualitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Levels of Vit D and its active form were significantly lower in advanced liver disease (hepatic cirrhosis and/or carcinoma) patients, compared to those with bright hepatomegaly and perihepatic fibrosis. IL-17, IL-23 and PⅢNP levels were markedly increased in HCV patients and correlated with the progression of hepatic damage. The decrease in Vit D and active Vit D was concomitant with an increase in viral load, as well as levels of IL-17, IL-23 and PⅢNP among all subgroups of HCV-infected patients, compared to normal healthy controls. A significant negative correlation was evident between active Vit D and each of IL-17, IL-23 and PⅢNP (r = -0.679, -0.801 and -0.920 at P < 0.001, respectively). HCV-infected men and women showed no differences with respect to Vit D levels. The viral load was negatively correlated with Vit D and active Vit D (r = -0.084 and -0.846 at P < 0.001, respectively), and positively correlated with IL-17, IL-23 and PⅢNP (r = 0.951, 0.922 and 0.94 at P < 0.001, respectively). Whether the deficiency in Vit D was related to HCVinduced chronic liver disease or was a predisposing factor for a higher viral load remains to be elucidated. CONCLUSION: The negative correlations between Vit D and IL-17, IL-23 and PⅢNP highlight their involvement in the immune response in patients with HCV-4related liver diseases in Egypt. | Mona F Schaalan Waleed A Mohamed Hesham H Amin | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，28： | 12 |
| 9 | Remote ischemic conditioning approach for the treatment of ischemic stroke显示文摘Stroke is the leading cause of disability and death in North America.There has been growing interest in identifying neuroprotective strategies to reduce ischemic burden in patients with acute ischemic stroke.However,despite extensive clinical trials,no neuroprotective agent has been found for prevention of ischemic damage.Remote ischemic preconditioning(RIC)is a promising non-invasive strategy that has been proven to provide renal and cardioprotection and has recently found to have a potential broad application in the treatment of neurovascular disease,which has bee linked to its possible effects on the release and activation of endogenous neuroprotective substances against the ischemia/reperfusion injuries in experimental studies.This endogenous neuroprotection might vaccinate neural tissues against effects of acute IR following primary infarction insult.Regardless of the method of RIC administration,through manual or automated blood pressure cuff,RIC procedure is inexpensive and easy to use.Based on the experimental and clinical data,application of RIC avoids possible adverse effects and interactions associated with chemical pharmacological agents.In previous clinical studies RIC was safe and associated with only minor transient adverse effects in few cases,including petechia and minor limb pain,which were mostly resolved shortly after completing the treatment. | Seyed Mohammad Seyedsaadat David F.Kallmes Waleed Brinjikji | 2020 | Neural Regeneration Research2020，15，6： | 11 |
| 10 | Real time endoscopic ultrasound elastography and strain ratio in the diagnosis of solid pancreatic lesions显示文摘AIM To evaluate the accuracy of the elastography score combined to the strain ratio in the diagnosis of solid pancreatic lesions(SPL). METHODS A total of 172 patients with SPL identified by endoscopic ultrasound were enrolled in the study to evaluate the efficacy of elastography and strain ratio in differentiating malignant from benign lesions. The semi quantitative score of elastography was represented by the strain ratio method. Two areas were selected, area(A) representing the region of interest and area(B) representing the normal area. Area(B) was then divided by area(A). Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value(PPV), negative predictive value(NPV), and accuracy were calculated by comparing diagnoses made by elastography, strain ratio and final diagnoses.RESULTS SPL were shown to be benign in 49 patients and malignant in 123 patients. Elastography alone had a sensitivity of 99%, a specificity of 63%, and an accuracy of 88%, a PPV of 87% and an NPV of 96%. The best cut-off level of strain ratio to obtain the maximal area under the curve was 7.8 with a sensitivity of 92%, specificity of 77%, PPV of 91%, NPV of 80% and an accuracy of 88%. Another estimated cut off strain ratio level of 3.8 had a higher sensitivity of 99% and NPV of 96%, but with less specificity, PPV and accuracy 53%, 84% and 86%, respectively. Adding both elastography to strain ratio resulted in a sensitivity of 98%, specificity of 77%, PPV of 91%, NPV of 95% and accuracy of 92% for the diagnosis of SPL. CONCLUSION Combining elastography to strain ratio increases the accuracy of the differentiation of benign from malignant SPL. | Hussein Okasha Shaimaa Elkholy Ramy El-Sayed Mohamed-Naguib Wifi Mohamed El-Nady Walid El-Nabawi Waleed A El-Dayem Mohamed I Radwan Ali Farag Yahya El-sherif Emad Al-Gemeie Ahmed Salman Mohamed El-Sherbiny Ahmed El-Mazny Reem E Mahdy | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，32： | 11 |
| 11 | Predictors of long term survival after hepatic resection for hilar cholangiocarcinoma:A retrospective study of 5-year survivors显示文摘AIM:To determine predictors of long term survival after resection of hilar cholangiocarcinoma(HC) by comparing patients surviving > 5 years with those who survived < 5 years.METHODS:This is a retrospective study of patients with pathologically proven HC who underwent surgical resection at the Gastroenterology Surgical Center,Mansoura University,Egypt between January 2002 and April 2013.All data of the patients were collected from the medical records.patients were divided into two groups according to their survival:patients surviving less than 5 years and those who survived > 5 years.RESULTS:There were 34(14%) long term survivors(5 year survivors) among the 243 patients.Fiveyear survivors were younger at diagnosis than those surviving less than 5 years(mean age,50.47 ± 4.45 vs 54.59 ± 4.98,p = 0.001).Gender,clinical presentation,preoperative drainage,preoperative serum bilirubin,albumin and serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase were similar between the two groups.The level of CA 19-9 was significantly higher in patients surviving < 5 years(395.71 ± 31.43 vs 254.06 ± 42.19,p = 0.0001).Univariate analysis demonstrated nine variables to be significantly associated with survival > 5 year,includingyoung age(p = 0.001),serum CA19-9(p = 0.0001),non-cirrhotic liver(p = 0.02),major hepatic resection(p = 0.001),caudate lobe resection(p = 0.006),well differentiated tumour(p = 0.03),lymph node status(0.008),R0 resection margin(p = 0.0001) and early postoperative liver cell failure(p = 0.02).CONCLUSION:Liver status,resection of caudate lobe,lymph node status,R0 resection and CA19-9 were demonstrated to be independent risk factors for long term survival. | Mohamed Abd El Wahab Ayman El Nakeeb Ehab El Hanafy Ahmad M Sultan Ahmed Elghawalby Waleed Askr Mahmoud Ali Mohamed Abd El Gawad Tarek Salah | 2016 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery2016，8，6： | 10 |
| 12 | 心房颤动与肺栓塞的关系及治疗显示文摘心房颤动(房颤)导致的血栓栓塞主要以动脉血栓栓塞为主,而肺栓塞作为重要的静脉血栓栓塞疾病之一,与房颤也存在一定关联。颤动的右心房同样可形成血栓并脱落致肺栓塞,并且房颤本身也会伴随机体高凝状态而导致静脉血栓形成风险升高。另外,肺栓塞引起的缺氧及右心压力的增加、扩张也是房颤发生的危险因素。对于合并房颤和肺栓塞的患者,抗栓仍是核心,但需注意个体化评估治疗。 | 孙源君 Khalid Bin Waleed 夏云龙 | 2018 | 中国循环杂志2018，33，3： | 10 |
| 13 | Transforming growth factor beta 1, a cytokine with regenerative functions显示文摘We review the biology and role of transforming growth factor beta 1(TGF-β1) in peripheral nerve injury and regeneration, as it relates to injuries to large nerve trunks(i.e., sciatic nerve, brachial plexus), which often leads to suboptimal functional recovery. Experimental studies have suggested that the reason for the lack of functional recovery resides in the lack of sufficient mature axons reaching their targets, which is a result of the loss of the growth-supportive environment provided by the Schwann cells in the distal stump of injured nerves. Using an established chronic nerve injury and delayed repair animal model that accurately mimics chronic nerve injuries in humans, we summarize our key findings as well as others to better understand the pathophysiology of poor functional recovery. We demonstrated that 6 month TGF-β1 treatment for chronic nerve injury significantly improved Schwann cell capacity to support axonal regeneration. When combined with forskolin, the effect was additive, as evidenced by a near doubling of regenerated axons proximal to the repair site. We showed that in vivo application of TGF-β1 and forskolin directly onto chronically injured nerves reactivated chronically denervated Schwann cells, induced their proliferation, and upregulated the expression of regeneration-associated proteins. The effect of TGF-β1 and forskolin on old nerve injuries is quite impressive and the treatment regiment appears to mediate a growth-supportive milieu in the injured peripheral nerves. In summary, TGF-β1 and forskolin treatment reactivates chronically denervated Schwann cells and could potentially be used to extend and prolong the regenerative responses to promote axonal regeneration. | Wale Sulaiman Doan H. Nguyen | 2016 | Neural Regeneration Research2016，11，10： | 9 |
| 14 | Plant community and ecological analysis of woodland vegetation in Metema Area,Amhara National Regional State,Northwestern Ethiopia显示文摘We studied woodland vegetation in broad-leaved deciduous woodlands of Metema in northwestern Amhara regional state,Ethiopia to determine plant community types and species distribution patterns and their relationships with environmental variables,including altitude,pH,cation exchange capacity,electrical conductivity(EC),and moisture.We used a selective approach with a systematic sampling design.A total of 74 quadrats,each 25m × 25m at intervals of 150 200 m were sampled along the established transect lines.For herbaceous vegetation and soil data collection,five subquadrats each 1m × 1m were established at the four corners and the center of each quadrat.Three community types were identified using TWINSPAN analysis.All three community types showed high diversity(Shannon-Weiner index),the highest in community type II at 3.55.The highest similarity coefficient was 0.49(49%) between community types II and III,reflecting 0.51(51%) dissimilarity in their species richness.The canonical correspondence ordination diagram revealed that the distribution pattern of community type I was explained by moisture while that of community types III and II was explained by EC and altitude and moisture,respectively.Altitude was the most statistically significant environmental variable,followed by moisture and EC in determining the total variation in species composition and distribution patterns while pH and cation exchange capacity were non significant.In conclusion,we recommend that any intervention should take into account these three discrete community types and their environmental settings to make the intervention more successful. | Haile Adamu Wale Tamrat Bekele Gemedo Dalle | 2012 | Journal of Forestry Research2012，23，4： | 5 |
| 15 | Floristic diversity, regeneration status, and vegetation structure of woodlands in Metema Area, Amhara National Regional State, North-western Ethiopia显示文摘We studied woodland vegetation in broad-leaved deciduous woodlands of Metema in northwestern Amhara regional state, Ethiopia Our objective was to describe plant species composition, diversity, regeneration status, and population structure by a selective approach with asystematic sampling design. A total of 74 quadrats (each for 25 m × 25 m,spaced at intervals of 150 200 m) were sampled along established transect lines following the homogeneity of the vegetation. Vegetation data including cover-abundance, height, diameter at breast height (DBH), and numbers of seedlings and saplings of woody species were analyzed using Excel spreadsheet, Shannon Weiner diversity index, and PAST version 1.62. A total of 87 vascular plant species of 74 genera and 36 families were recorded. The dominant family was Fabaceae represented by 16(18.39 %) species of 13 genera. Shannon Weiner diversity and evenness were 3.67 and 0.82, respectively, which showed that the area was endowed with rich floral diversity evenly distributed. The vegetation structure, as quantified by cumulative diameter class frequency distribution,plotted as an interrupted inverted-J-shape pattern with a sharp decreasein the 2nd diameter class. This indicated poor vegetation structure. The diameter classes frequency distributions of selected species plotted infour general patterns i.e., interrupted Inverted-J-shape, J-shape,Bell-shape and Irregular-shape. In conclusion, although the area showedhigh floral diversity and evenness, woody species including Sterculea setigera, Boswellia papyrifera, and Pterocarpus lucens showed lowest recruitment of seedlings and saplings. | Haile Adamu Wale Tamrat Bekele Gemedo Dalle | 2012 | Journal of Forestry Research2012，23，3： | 4 |
| 16 | Performance improvement of solution-processed CdS/CdTe solar cells with a thin compact TiO_2 buffer layer显示文摘The device performance of CdS/CdTe solar cells largely depends on not only the back ohmic contact, but also the conformality of Cd S window layer coating. In order to reduce the light absorption loss in Cd S, the Cd S thickness is usually less than 100 nm. However, pinholes in Cd S and non-conformal coverage of Cd S on transparent conducting oxide layer will cause shunting thus leading to device performance degradation and failure. In this paper, low-temperature and low-cost fabrication methods, i.e., chemical bath deposition and electrochemical deposition, were used to deposit Cd S and Cd Te, respectively. It was found that the yield of device was around 20 % due to shunting. In order to alleviate this problem, a compact layer of TiO2 was inserted between the fluorine-doped tin oxide and Cd S as a buffer layer. The thickness effect of TiO2 was studied and showed that devices with thin(20 nm thickness) TiO2 performed better than the counterparts with thick layers. It was discovered that device yield improved to 80 % and stability in air substantially improved with TiO2 layer. | Aashir Waleed Qianpeng Zhang Mohammad Mahdi Tavakoli Siu-Fung Leung Leilei Gu Jin He Xiaoliang Mo Zhiyong Fan | 2016 | Science Bulletin2016，61，1： | 4 |
| 17 | Liver transplantation for hepatitis B virus: Decreasing indication and changing trends显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the indication and outcome of hepatitis B virus(HBV)-related liver transplantation(LT) in the era of newer antiviral agents.METHODS: We collected data on all patients who underwent transplantation at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center.These data included demographic,perioperative and long-term postoperative follow-up data including viral serological markers,HBV DNA,and repeated liver imaging.Between January 1990 and January 2012,133 patients(106 males and 27 females) underwent LT for HBV-related cirrhosis at our center.All patients were followed up frequently during the first year following transplantation,according to our standard protocol; follow-up visits occurred every 3-6 mo thereafter.Breakthrough infection was definedas re-emergence of HBV-DNA or hepatitis B surface antigen(HBs Ag) while on treatment.Five patients transplanted prior to 1992 did not receive immediate posttransplant anti-HBV prophylaxis; all other patients were treated with HBIG and at least one nucleos(t)ide analog.RESULTS: One hundred and thirty-three patients underwent LT for HBV and were followed for a median of 82 mo(range: 1-274).The rates of post-LT survival and HBV recurrence during the follow-up period were 89% and 11%,respectively.The following factors were associated with disease recurrence: younger age(44.3 ± 16.2 years vs 51.4 ± 9.9 years,P = 0.02),positive pretransplant hepatitis B e antigen(HBe Ag)(60% vs 14%,P < 0.0001),detectable pretransplant HBV DNA(60% vs 27%,P = 0.03),positive posttransplant HBs Ag(80% vs 4%,P < 0.0001) and positive posttransplant HBe Ag(27% vs 1%,P < 0.0001).Forty-four(33%) patients had hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).In the first(pre-2007) group,HBV was the second leading indication for LT after hepatitis C virus infection.A total of 64 transplants were performed,including 46(72%) for decompensated HBV cirrhosis,12(19%) for decompensated cirrhosis complicated by HCC and 6(10%) for compensated cirrhosis complicated by HCC.In the second group,nonalcoholic steatohepatitis surpassed HBV as the second leading indication for LT.A total of 69 HBV related transplants were performed,including 43(62%) for decompensated HBV cirrhosis,7(10%) for decompensated cirrhosis complicated by HCC and 19(27.5%) for compensated cirrhosis complicated by HCC.There was a significant(P = 0.007) increase in the number of transplants for compensated cirrhosis complicated by HCC.CONCLUSION: The use of potent anti-HBV agents has led to a changing trend in the indications for LT.HBV is currently the third leading indication for LT in this hyperendemic area. | Waleed Al-hamoudi Hussien Elsiesy Abdulrahman Bendahmash Nasser Al-masri Safiyya Ali Naglaa Allam Mohammed Al Sofayan Hamad Al Bahili Mohammed Al Sebayel Dieter Broering Sammy Saab Faisal Abaalkhail | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，26： | 4 |
| 18 | Biliary leakage following pancreaticoduodenectomy:Prevalence,risk factors and management显示文摘Background: Few studies investigated biliary leakage after pancreaticoduodenectomy(PD) especially when compared to postoperative pancreatic fistula(POPF). This study was to determine the incidence of biliary leakage after PD, predisposing factors of biliary leakage, and its management. Methods: We retrospectively studied all patients who underwent PD from January 2008 to December 2017 at Gastrointestinal Surgery Center, Mansoura University, Egypt. According to occurrence of postoperative biliary leakage, patients were divided into two groups. Group(1) included patients who developed biliary leakage and group(2) included patients without identified biliary leakage. The preoperative data, operative details, and postoperative morbidity and mortality were analyzed. Results: The study included 555 patients. Forty-four patients(7.9%) developed biliary leakage. Ten patients(1.8%) had concomitant POPF. Multivariate analysis identified obesity and time needed for hepaticojejunostomy reconstruction as independent risk factors of biliary leakage, and no history of preoperative endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatiography(ERCP) as protective factor. Biliary leakage from hepaticojejunostomy after PD leads to a significant increase in development of delayed gastric emptying, and wound infection. The median hospital stay and time to resume oral intake were significantly greater in the biliary leakage group. Non-surgical management was needed in 40 patients(90.9%). Only 4 patients(9.1%) required re-exploration due to biliary peritonitis and associated POPF. The mortality rate in the biliary leakage group was significantly higher than that of the non-biliary leakage group(6.8% vs 3.9%, P = 0.05). Conclusions: Obesity and time needed for hepaticojejunostomy reconstruction are independent risk factors of biliary leakage, and no history of preoperative ERCP is protective factor. Biliary leakage increases the risk of morbidity and mortality especially if concomitant with POPF. However, biliary leakage can be conservatively managed in majority of cases. | Ayman El Nakeeb Mohamed El Sorogy Hosam Hamed Rami Said Mohamad Elrefai Helmy Ezzat Waleed Askar Ahmed M Elsabbagh | 2019 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2019，18，1： | 4 |
| 19 | Could Acid Sulfate Soils Be a Potential Environmental Threat to Estuarine Ecosystems on the South China Coast?显示文摘Acid sulfate soils (ASS) contain considerable amounts of reduced sulfur compounds (mainly pyrite) which produce sulfuric acid upon their oxidation. ASS-derived environmental degradation widely occurs in the coastal lowlands around the world, especially in the tropical and subtropical areas. The presence of ASS in the South China has been recognized but their distribution may be largely underestimated because the soil survey data concerning ASS are based on unreliable methods and techniques. ASS in the South China have been traditionally used for rice cultivation and this practice has been proved sustainable if appropriate improvement measures are adopted. Recently, the rapid economic growth in the region has resulted in intensified coastal development which frequently involves activities that may disturb ASS. Construction of roads, foundations and aquaculture ponds may cause the exposure of ASS to air and bring about severe environmental acidification. There is currently insufficient awareness of the problems among the researchers, policy-makers and land managers in the South China. More atteation must be paid to the possible ASSderived environmental degradation in order to ensure a sustainable development of the coastal lowlands in the South China region. | C. LIN (School of Geography, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia) | 1999 | Pedosphere1999，9，1： | 4 |
| 20 | Long-term results of Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation in Egyptian population显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the long-term results and complications of Ahmed glaucoma valve(AGV) implantation in a cohort of Egyptian patients.METHODS: A retrospective study of 124 eyes of 99 patients with refractory glaucoma who underwent AGV implantation and had a minimum follow-up of 5 y was performed. All patients underwent complete ophthalmic examination and intraocular pressure(IOP) measurement before surgery and at 1 d, weekly for the 1 st month, 3, 6 mo,and 1 y after surgery and yearly afterward for 5 y. IOP was measured by Goldmann applanation tonometry and/or Tono-Pen. Complications and the number of anti-glaucoma medications needed were recorded. Success was defined as IOP less than 21 mm Hg with or without anti-glaucoma medication and without additional glaucoma surgery. RESULTS: Mean age was 23.1±19.9 y. All eyes had at least one prior glaucoma surgery. IOP was reduced from a mean of 37.2±6.8 to 19.2±5.2 mm Hg after 5 y follow-up with a reduced number of medications from 2.64±0.59 to 1.81±0.4.Complete and qualified success rates were 31.5% and 46.0%respectively at the end of follow-up. The most common complications were encapsulated cyst formation in 51 eyes(41.1%), complicated cataract in 9 eyes(7.25%), recessed tube in 8 eyes(6.45%), tube exposure in 6 eyes(4.8%) and corneal touch in 6 eyes(4.8%). Other complications included extruded AGV, endophthalmitis and persistent hypotony.Each of them was recorded in only 2 eyes(1.6%). CONCLUSION: Although refractory glaucoma is a difficult problem to manage, AGV is effective and relatively safe procedure in treating refractory glaucoma in Egyptian patients with long-term follow-up. Encapsulated cyst formation was the most common complication, which limits successful IOP control after AGV implantation.However, effective complications management can improve the rate of success. | Eman Elhefney Tharwat Mokbel Waleed Abou Samra Hanem Kishk Tarek Mohsen Amr El-Kannishy | 2018 | International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)2018，11，3： | 4 |
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