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| 1 | Neoadjuvant vs adjuvant pelvic radiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer: Which is superior?显示文摘The treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer including timing and dosage of radiotherapy, degree of sphincter preservation with neoadjuvant radiotherapy, and short and long term effects of radiotherapy are controversial topics. The MEDLINE, Cochrane Library databases, and meeting proceedings from the American Society of Clinical Oncology, were searched for reports of randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses comparing neoadjuvant and adjuvant radiotherapy with surgery to surgery alone for rectal cancer. Neoadjuvant radiotherapy shows superior results in terms of local control compared to adjuvant radiotherapy. Neither adjuvant or neoadjuvant radiotherapy impacts overall survival. Short course versus long course neoadjuvant radiotherapy remains controversial. There is insufficient data to conclude that neoadjuvant therapy improves rates of sphincter preserving surgery. Radiation significantly impacts anorectal and sexual function and includes both acute and long term toxicity. Data demonstrate that neoadjuvant radiation causes less toxicity compared to adjuvant radiotherapy, and specifically short course neoadjuvant radiation results in less toxicity than long course neoadjuvant radiation. Neoadjuvant radiotherapy is the preferred modality for administering radiation in locally advanced rectal cancer. There are significant side effects from radiation, including anorectal and sexual dysfunction, which may be less with short course neoadjuvant radiation. | Sarah Popek Vassiliki Liana Tsikitis | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，7： | 10 |
| 2 | Cancer and age related colonic crypt deficiencies in cytochrome c oxidase Ⅰ显示文摘AIM: To investigate whether defi ciency of expressionof cytochrome c oxidase I (CcOI) in colonic crypts is associated with colon cancer.METHODS: The pattern and level of expression of CcOI in non-neoplastic colonic crypts,and in dysplastic tissues,was assessed using standard immunohis-tochemical methods.Biopsies were obtained from individuals undergoing colonoscopies for screening purposes or for a medically indicated reason.Tissue samples were also obtained from surgical colonic resections.Samples from resections were taken from colonic mucosa 1 and 10 cm from tumors and from the tumors themselves.Samples were evaluated for frequency of crypts with reduced or absent expression of CcOI.In most crypts the loss was apparent throughout the entire crypt,while in a small minority the loss was segmental.The strong immunoreactivity using this monoclonal antibody makes the scoring unambiguous.The percent of crypts with reduced or absent expression of CcOI or (infrequent) segmented loss of expression was then calculated.Data analyses were performed using SPSS statistical package 17.0.RESULTS: The average frequency of CcOI deficient crypts (CcOI-DC) is low in individuals between 20 and 39 years of age,with 0.48% ± 0.40% CcOI-DC for women and 1.80% ± 0.35% for men.CcOI-DC increases after age 40 years,so that between the ages of 40 and 44 years the average frequency of CcOI- DC goes up to 5.89% ± 0.84% in women and 2.15% ± 1.27% in men.By 80-84 years of age,the average frequency of CcOI-DC goes up in women to 15.77% ± 0.97% and in men to 22.6% ± 0.65%.The increases in CcOI-DC from ages 40-44 years compared to 80-84 years in women and men are significantly different with P < 0.01.For women over age 60 years,deficiency of CcOI expression is greater in those women who have had a cancer in their colon.The frequency of CcOI-DC,measured in men,increased in tissues adjacent to colon cancer,being 4.03% ± 0.27% in individuals free of neoplasia in the age range 55-64 yearsand 14.13% ± 0.35% in resected histologically normal tissue of men with cancer in the same age range,P < 0.001.Similar signifi cant differences were noted in older age ranges.The frequency of CcOI-DC crypts in the cecum and sigmoid colon of an individual are signifi cantly correlated,with an R2 = 0.414 for women and R2 = 0.528 for men,P < 0.001.This suggests that the factors determining the level of CcOI deficiency act throughout the colon.Most defective crypts are in clusters of two or more,a likely consequence of crypt fission.In the non-neoplastic margins of cancers,crypts are frequently defi cient for CcOI,and such crypts may appear in large clusters,some containing more than 100 defi cient crypts.CcOI defi ciency is also apparent in colon cancers and sometimes involves a large section of the tumor.Overall,CcOI deficient cells can be visualized in segments of crypts,in whole crypts that increase in frequency with age,in crypts undergoing f ission,in clusters of crypts where the clusters increase in size with age,in increased frequency near tumors,in large clusters in the intimate margins of tumors,and in the tumors themselves.There is no clear dividing line between early stages that can be considered aspects of aging and later stages that can be considered aspects of the progression to cancer.This ambiguity may re ect a rather general situation leading to adult cancer where the early stages of cellular change appear to be relatively innocuous features of the aging process but over decades may evolve into malignancy.CONCLUSION: CcOI defi cient crypts increase in frequency with age,and clusters of defi cient crypts are associated with,and may give rise to,colon cancer. | Carol Bernstein Alexander Facista Huy Nguyen Beryl Zaitlin Nadia Hassounah Cristy Loustaunau Claire Margaret Payne Bhaskar Banerjee Steve Goldschmid V Liana Tsikitis Robert Krouse Harris Bernstein | 2010 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology2010，2，12： | 5 |
| 3 | Advantages of fast-track recovery after laparoscopic right hemicolectomy for colon cancer显示文摘 | Vassiliki L. Tsikitis Stefan D. Holubar Eric J. Dozois Robert R. Cima John H. Pemberton David W. Larson | 2010 | Surgical Endoscopy2010，，8： | 3 |
| 4 | Advantages of fast-track recovery after laparoscopic right hemicolectomy for colon cancer显示文摘 | Tsikitis VL Holubar SD Dozois EJ | 2010 | Surg Endosc2010，24，8： | 1 |
| 5 | An initial blueprint for myogenic differentiation显示文摘 | BLAIS A TSIKITIS M ACOSTA-ALVEAR D | 2005 | Genes & Development2005，19，5： | 1 |
| 6 | Postoperative surveillance recommendations for early stage colon cancer based on results from the clinical outcomes of surgical therapy trial 显示文摘 | Tsikitis VL Malireddy K Green EA | 2009 | J Clin Oncol2009，27，： | 1 |
| 7 | An initial blueprint for myogenic differentiation显示文摘 | Blais A Tsikitis M Acosta-Alvear D | 2005 | Genes Dev2005，19，5： | 1 |
| 8 | Survival in stage III colon cancer is independent of the total number of lymph nodes retrieved显示文摘 | Tsikitis V L Larson D L Wolff B G | 2009 | J Am Coll Surg2009，208，1： | 1 |
| 9 | A virtual reality endoscopic simulator augments general surgery resident cancer education as measured by performance improvement显示文摘 | White I Buchberg B Tsikitis V L | 2014 | J Cancer Educ2014，29，2： | 1 |
| 10 | Advantages of fast-track recovery after laparoscopic right hemicolectomy for colon cancer显示文摘 | Tsikitis VL Holubar SD Bozois EJ | 2010 | Surg Endosc2010，24，8： | 1 |
| 11 | Advantages of fast-track recovery after laparoscopic right hemicolectomy for colon cancer显示文摘 | Tsikitis V L Holubar S D Dozois E J | | 0，，08： | 1 |
| 12 | Advantages of fast-track recovery after laparoscopic right hemicolectomy for colon cancer显示文摘 | TSIKITIS V L HOLUBAR S D DOZOIS E J | 2010 | Surg Endosc2010，24，： | 1 |
| 13 | Postoperative surveil- lance recommendations for early stage colon cancer based on re- suits from the clinical outcomes of surgical therapy trial显示文摘 | Tsikitis V'L Malireddy K Green EA | 2009 | J Clin Oncol2009，27，22： | 1 |
| 14 | Advantages of fast-track recovery after laparoscopic right hemicolectomy for coloncancer显示文摘 | Tsikitis VL Holubar SD Dozois EJ | 2010 | Surg Endosc2010，24，8： | 1 |
| 15 | Trends of incidence and survival of gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors in the United States : a seer analysis 显示文摘 | Tsikitis VL Wertheim BC Guerrero MA | 2012 | J Cancer2012，3，： | 1 |
| 16 | Biology of ductal carcinoma in situ classification based on biologic potential显示文摘 | Tsikitis V L Chung M A | 2006 | Am J Clin Oncol2006，29，： | 1 |
| 17 | Advantages of fast-track recovery after laparoscopic right hemicolectomy for colon cancer显示文摘 | Vassiliki L. Tsikitis Stefan D. Holubar Eric J. Dozois Robert R. Cima John H. Pemberton David W. Larson | 2010 | Surgical Endoscopy2010，，8： | 1 |
| 18 | Trends ofincidence and survival of gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors in the United States: a seer analysis显示文摘 | TSIKITIS VL WERTHEIM BC GUERRERO MA | 2012 | Journal of Cancer2012，3，： | 1 |
| 19 | Postoperative morbidity with diversion after low anterior resection in the era of neoadjuvant therapy: a single institution experience显示文摘 | Tsikitis VL Larson DW Poola VP | 2009 | J Am Coil Surg2009，209，1： | 1 |
| 20 | Biology of ductal carcinoma in situ elassifieation based on biologic potential 显示文摘 | Tsikitis VL Chung MA | 2006 | Am J Clin On- col2006，29，3： | 1 |
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