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| 1 | Intestinal microbiota in health and disease: Role of bifidobacteria in gut homeostasis显示文摘The pool of microbes inhabiting our body is known as 'microbiota' and their collective genomes as 'microbiome'. The colon is the most densely populated organ in the human body, although other parts, such as the skin, vaginal mucosa, or respiratory tract, also harbour specific microbiota. This microbial community regulates some important metabolic and physiological functions of the host, and drives the maturation of the immune system in early life, contributing to its homeostasis during life. Alterations of the intestinal microbiota can occur by changes in composition(dysbiosis), function, or microbiota-host interactions and they can be directly correlated with several diseases. The only disease in which a clear causal role of a dysbiotic microbiota has been demonstrated is the case of Clostridium difficile infections. Nonetheless, alterations in composition and function of the microbiota have been associated with several gastrointestinal diseases(inflammatory bowel disease, colorectal cancer, or irritable bowel syndrome), as well as extra-intestinal pathologies, such as those affecting the liver, or the respiratory tract(e.g., allergy, bronchial asthma, and cystic fibrosis), among others. Species of Bifidobacterium genus are the normal inhabitants of a healthy human gut and alterations in number and composition of their populations is one of the most frequent features present in these diseases. The use of probiotics, including bifidobacteria strains, in preventive medicine to maintain a healthy intestinal function is well documented. Probiotics are also proposed as therapeutic agents for gastrointestinal disorders and other pathologies. The World Gastroenterology Organization recently published potential clinical applications for several probiotic formulations, in which species of lactobacilli are predominant. This review is focused on probiotic preparations containing Bifidobacterium strains, alone or in combination with other bacteria, which have been tested in human clinical studies. In spite of extensive literature on and research into this topic, the degree of scientific evidence of the effectiveness of probiotics is still insufficient in most cases. More effort need to be made to design and conduct accurate human studies demonstrating the efficacy of probiotics in the prevention, alleviation, or treatment of different pathologies. | Rafael Tojo Adolfo Suárez Marta G Clemente Clara G de los Reyes-Gavilán Abelardo Margolles Miguel Gueimonde Patricia Ruas-Madiedo | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，41： | 33 |
| 2 | 电子产品的生产者责任延伸制和设计革新 来自日本和欧洲的例子显示文摘 | Naoko Tojo | 2004 | 世界环境2004，，3： | 9 |
| 3 | Study on Shock Wave and Turbulent Boundary Layer Interactions in a Square Duct at Mach 2 and 4显示文摘在这份报纸,为在管的超声的内部流动的调查的马赫 4 超声的风隧道的轮廓第一被描述。第二, 2 和马赫 4 伪吃惊在方形的管挥动的马赫的地点,结构和特征被颜色 schlieren 相片和管墙压力调查变化大小。最后,墙砍有马赫 4 伪吃惊的方形的管的墙挥动的方面,顶和底部上的压力分布是由 shear 的调查品质上压力敏感的液体水晶可视化方法。在第一震动下面的方面墙边界层分离区域在最高的墙附近是狭窄的,当在第一震动下面的方面墙边界层分离区域在底部墙附近是很宽的时。关键词超声的内部流动 - 伪吃惊波浪 - 流动可视化 - 砍压力敏感的液体水晶 CLC 数字 O357. | Hiromu SUGIYAMA Ryojiro MINATO Kazuhide MIZOBATA Akira TOJO Yohei MUTO | 2006 | Journal of Thermal Science2006，15，1： | 3 |
| 4 | Microemulsion Dynamics and Reactions in Microemulsions显示文摘 | M A Lo'pez-Quimela C Tojo M C Blanco | 2004 | Current Opinion in Colloid and Interface Science2004，9，34： | 1 |
| 5 | C-reactive protein-induced production of interleukin-18 in human endothelial cells:a mechanism of orchestrating cytokine cascade in acute coronary syndrome显示文摘 | Yamaoka Tojo M Tojo T Masuda T | 2003 | Heart Vessels2003，18，4： | 1 |
| 6 | Identification and analy-sis of human erythropoietin receptors on a factor-dependentcell line, tf-l显示文摘 | Kitamura T Tojo A Kuwaki T | 1989 | Blood1989，73，： | 1 |
| 7 | Recovery of Zinc and Lead From Fly Ash From Ash-Melting and Gasification-Melting Processes of MSW-Comparisen and Applicability of Chemical Leaching Methods显示文摘 | Okada T Tojo Y Tanaka N | 2007 | Waste Management2007，27，1： | 1 |
| 8 | Double-edged action of SOD mimetic in diabetic nephropathy显示文摘 | Asaba Kl Tojo A Onozato ML | 2007 | J Cardiovasc Pharmacol2007，49，1： | 1 |
| 9 | X-ray computed tomography for internal quality evaluation of peaches显示文摘 | Barcelon E G Tojo S Watanabe K | 1999 | Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research1999，73，4： | 1 |
| 10 | Effect of Naftopidil on urethral obstruction in benign prostatic hyperplasia: assessment by urodynamic studies 显示文摘 | Yamanishi T Tojo M | 1994 | Prostate1994，25，1： | 1 |
| 11 | A novel point mutation in the mitochondrial tRNA (Leu)(UUR) gene in a family with mitochondrial myopathy显示文摘 | Tojo M Tohyama J | 1992 | Ann Neurol1992，31，： | 1 |
| 12 | Circulating levels of interleukin18 reflect etiologies of heart failure: Th1/Th2 cytokine imbalance exaggrates the pathophysiology of advanced heart faiulre显示文摘 | Yamaoka-Tojo M Tojo T Inomata T | 2002 | J Card Fail2002，8，： | 1 |
| 13 | Oxidative stress and nitric oxide synthase in rat diabetic nephropathy,effect of ACEI and ARB显示文摘 | ONOZATO ML TOJO A GOTO A | 2002 | Kidney Int2002，61，1： | 1 |
| 14 | Protective effect of anti P-selectin monoclonal antibody in lipopolysaccharide-in- duced lung hemorrhage 显示文摘 | Ohnishi M Imanishi N Tojo SJ | 1999 | Inflammation1999，23，5： | 1 |
| 15 | C-reactive proteininduced production of interleukin-18 in human endothelial cells:a mechanism of orchestrating cytokine cascade in acute coronary syndrome显示文摘 | Yamaoka-Tojo M Tojo T Masuda T | 2003 | Heart Vessels2003，18，4： | 1 |
| 16 | The Effects of Bifidobacter-ium Breve Administration on Campylobacter Enteritis 显示文摘 | Tojo M Oikawa T Morikawa Y | 1987 | Acta Paediatr1987，29，： | 1 |
| 17 | Circulating levels of interleukin-18 reflect etiologies of heart failure:Th1/Th2 cytokine imbalance exaggerates the pathophy-siology of advanced heart failure显示文摘 | Yamaoka Tojo M Tojo T Inomala T | 2002 | J Card Fail2002，8，1： | 1 |
| 18 | Expression of the gli2 oncogene and its isoforms in human basal cell carcinoma显示文摘 | Tojo M Kiyosawa H Iwatsuki K | 2003 | Br J Dermatol2003，148，5： | 1 |
| 19 | A case of hepatic inflammatory pseudotumor with primary biliary cirrhosis显示文摘 | Tsuyoshi Rai Hiromasa Ohira Jun Tojo Junko Takiguchi Shoichiro Shishido Yukio Sato Yoshihiro Nozawa Tomoyuki Masuda | 2003 | Hepatology Research2003，，3： | 1 |
| 20 | An ets-related gene, ERG, is rearranged in human myeloid leukemia with t( 16;21 ) chromosomal translocation显示文摘 | Shimizu K Ichikawa H Tojo A | 1993 | PNAS1993，90，10： | 1 |
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