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| 1 | Hepatocellular Carcinoma-Cause,Treatment and Metastasis显示文摘In the recent decades, the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been found to be increasing in males in some countries. In China, HCC ranked second of cancer mortality since 1990s. Hepatitis B and C viruses (HBV and HCV) and dietary aflatoxin intake remain the major causative factors of HCC. Surgery plays a major role in the treatment of HCC, particularly for small HCC. Downstaging unresectable huge HCC to smaller HCC and followed by resection will probably be a new approach for further study. Liver transplantation is indicated for small HCC, however, some issues remain to be solved.Different modes of 'regional cancer therapy for HCC' have been tried. Systemic chemotherapy has been disappointing in the past but the future can be promising.Biotherapy, such as cytokines, differentiation inducers,anti-angiogenic agents, gene therapy and tumor vaccine will probably play a role, particularly in the prevention of tumor recurrence. HCC invasiveness is currently the major target of study. Tremendous works have been done at the molecular level, which will provide clues for biomarker of HCC progressionas well as targets for intervention. | Zhao-You Tang Liver Cancer Institute & Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University Professor of Surgery Chairman.Liver Cancer Institute of Fudan University(previous Liver Cancer Institute of Shanghai Medical University)136 Yixueyuan Road,Zhongshan Hospital,Shanghai 200032,China. | 2001 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2001，7，4： | 213 |
| 2 | Antitumor activities of human autologous cytokineinduced killer(CIK)cells against hepatocellular carcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo显示文摘AIM: To characterize the anticancer function of cytokine-induced killer cells (CIK) and develop an adoptiveimmunotherapy for the patients with primary hepatocellularcarcinoma (HCC), we evaluated the proliferation rate,phenotype and the antitumor activity of human CIK cellsfrom healthy donors and HCC patients in vitro and in vivo.METHODS: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) fronhealthy donors and patients with primary HCC were incubatedin vitro and induced into ClK cells in the presence of variouscytokines such as interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin-1(IL-1), IL-2, and monoclonal antibody (mAb) against CD3.The phenotype and characterization of CIK cells wereidentified by flow cytometric analysis. The cytotoxicity of CIKcells was determined by 51 Cr release assay.RESULTS: The CIK cells were shown to be a heterogeneouspopulation with different cellular phenotypes. Thepercentage of CD3+/CD56+ positive cells, the dominanteffector cells, in total CIK cells from healthy donors andHCC patients, significantly increased from 0.1-0.13 % at day0 to 19.0-20.5 % at day 21 incubation, which suggested thatthe CD3+ CD56+ positive cells proliferated faster than othercell populations of CIK cells in the protocol used in thisstudy. After 28 day in vitro incubation, the ClK cells frompatients with HCC and healthy donors increased by morethan 300-fold and 500-fold in proliferation cell number,respectively. CIK cells originated from HCC patientspossessed a higher in vitro antitumor cytotoxic activity onautologous HCC cells than the autologous lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells and PBMC cells. In in vivoanimal experiment, CIK cells had stronger effects on theinhibition of tumor growth in Balb/c nude mice bearing BEL-7402-producing tumor than LAK cells (mean inhibitory rate,84.7 % vs 52.8 %, P < 0.05) or PBMC (mean inhibitoryrate, 84.7% vs37.1%, P<0.01).CONCLUSION: Autologous CIK cells are of highly efficientcytotoxic effector cells against primary hepatocellularcarcinoma cells and might serve as an alternative adoptivetherapeutic strategy for HCC patients. | Fu-Sheng Wang Ming-Xu Liu Bing Zhang Ming Shi Zhou-Yun Lei Wen-Bing Sun Qing-You Du Ju-Mei Chen,Division of Biological Engineering,Beijing Institute of Infectious Diseases,Beijing 100039,China Wen-Bing Sun,Department of Surgery,Beijing Hospital of Infectious Diseases,Beijing 100039,China | 2002 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2002，8，3： | 108 |
| 3 | Formalized therapeutic guideline for hyperlipidemic severe acute pancreatitis显示文摘AIM: To investigate a formalized therapeutic guideline for hyperlipidemic severe acute pancreatitis (HL-SAP).METHODS: Thirty-two consecutive patients with severe acute pancreatitis were included in the clinical trial. All of them met the following five criteria for admission to the study, namely the Atlanta classification and stratification system for the clinical diagnosis of SAP, APACHEII score more than 8, time interval for therapeutic intervention less than 72 hours after onset of the disease, serum triglyceride (TG) level 6.8 mmol/l or over, and exdusion of other etiologies.They were divided into severe acute pancreatitis group (SAP,22 patients) and fulminant severe acute pancreatitis group (FSAP, 10 patients). Besides the conventional therapeutic measures, Penta-association therapywas also applied in the two groups, which consisted of blood purification (adsorption of triglyceride and hemofiltration), antihyperlipidemic agents (fluvastatin or lipanthyl), low molecular weight heparin (fragmin), insulin, topical application of Pixiao (a traditional Chinese medicine) over the whole abdomen, serum triglyceride,pro-inflammatory cytokines and anti-inflammatory cytokines were determined before blood purification (PF), at the end of blood purification (AFE) and on the 7th day after onset of the disease (AF7) respectively. Simultaneously, severity of the diseases was assessed by the APACHE Ⅱ system.Prognosis was evaluated by non-operation cure rate,absorption rate of pseudocyst, time interval pseudocyst absorption, hospital stay and survival rate.RESULTS: Serum triglyceride level (mmol/L), TNFα (U/mi) concentration and APACHE Ⅱ score were significantly decreased (P<0.05) at AFE and AF7, as compared with PF.However, serum IL-10 concentration (pg/ml) was increased significantly (P<0.001) at AFE, and decreased significantly (P<0.05) at AF7 when compared with PF. Operations: The First surgical intervention time was 55.8±42.6 days in SAP group (5 patients) and 12.2±6.6 days in FSAP group (7 patients),there was a significant difference between the two groups (P=0.02). The number of operations in the two groups was 1.33±0.5 vs3.5±1.2 (P=0.0037), respectively. Prognosis: Nonoperation cure rate, absorption rate of pseudocyst, hospital stay and survival rate in SAP group and FSAP group were 100 % (22/22) vs11.1% (1/9), 77.3 % (17/22) vs 11.1%(1/9), 54.2±35.9 vs99.1±49.5 days (P=0.008) and 100 %(22/22) vs66.7 % (6/9) (P=0.0044). The time for absorption of pseudocyst was 135.1±137.5 days in SAP group.CONCLUSION: Penta-association therapy is an effective guideline in the treatment of hyperlipidemic severe acute pancreatitis at its early stage (within 72 hours). | En-Qiang Mao Yao-Qing Tang Sheng-Dao Zhang, Department of Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Second Medical University, Shanghai 200025, China | 2003 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2003，9，11： | 64 |
| 4 | Current treatment for liver metastases from colorectal cancer显示文摘The liver is the commonest site of distant metastasis ofcolorectal cancer and nearly half of the patients withcolorectal cancer ultimately develop liver involved duringthe course of their diseases. Surgery is the only therapythat offers the possibility of cure for patients with hepaticmetastatic diseases. Five-year survival rates after resectionof all detectable liver metastases can be up to 40 %.Unfortunately, only 25 % of patients with colorectal livermetastases are candidates for liver resection, while the othersare not amenable to surgical resection. Regional therapiessuch as radiofrequency ablation and cryotherapy may beoffered to patients with isolated unresectable metastasesbut no extrahepatic diseases. Hepatic artery catheterchemotherapy and chemoembolization and portal veinembolization are often used for the patients with extensiveliver metastases but without extrahepatic diseases, whichare not suitable for regional ablation. For the patients withmetastatic colorectal cancer beyond the liver, systemicchemotherapy is a more appropriate choice. Immunotherapyis also a good option when other therapies are used incombination to enhance the efficacy. Selective internalradiation therapy is a new radiation method which can beused in patients given other routine therapies Without effects. | Lian-Xin Liu Wei-Hui Zhang Hong-Chi Jiang Department of Surgery, the First Clinical College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China | 2003 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2003，9，2： | 61 |
| 5 | Relationship between plasma D(-)-lactate and intestinal damage after severe injuries in rats显示文摘AIM To explore the kinetic changes in plasma D (-)lactate and lipopolysaccharide ( LPS ) levels, and investigate whether D (-)-lactate could be used as a marker of intestinal injury in rats following gut ischemia/reperfusion, burn, and acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP).METHODS Three models were developed in rats:gut ischemia/reperfusion obtained by one hour of superior severe burn injury created by 30% of total body surface induced by continuous inverse infusion of sodium taurocholate and trypsin into main pancreatic duct.Plasma levels of D( - )-lactate in systemic circulation and LPS in portal circulation were measured by enzymaticspectrophotometric method and limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) test kit, respectively. Tissue samples of intestine were taken for histological analysis.RESULTS One hour gut ischemia followed by reperfusion injuries resulted in a significant elevation in plasma D( - )lactate and LPS levels, and there was a significant correlation between the plasma D( - )-lactate and LPS (r =0.719, P<0.05). The plasma concentrations of D(-)lactate and LPS increased significantly at 6 h postburn,and there was also a remarkable correlation between them (r = 0.877, P < 0.01). D ( - )-lactate and LPS levels elevated significantly at 2 h after ANP, with a similar significant correlation between the two levels (r-0.798,P < 0.01 ). The desquamation of intestine villi and infiltration of inflammatory cells in the lamina propria were observed in all groups.CONCLUSION The changes of plasma D( - )-lactate levels in systemic blood paralleled with LPS levels in the portal vein blood. The measurement of plasma D (-)-lactate level may be a useful marker to assess the intestinal injury and to monitor an increase of intestinal permeability and endotoxemia following severe injuries in early stage. | Xiao-Qing Sun Xiao-Bing Fu Rong-Zhan Yi Lü Qun Deng Xiao-Guo Jian Zhi-Yong Sheng Bum Institute, 304~(th)Hospital,Beijing 100037,China Department of General Surgery,Chinese PLA 304 Hospital,Beijing 100037,China | 2001 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2001，7，4： | 56 |
| 6 | Severe biliary complications after hepatic artery embolization显示文摘AIM: To study the mechanism and treatment of severebiliary complications arising from hepatic artery embolization(HAE).METHODS: Of seven cases of intra- and extrahepatic biliarydamage resulting from hepatic artery embolization reportedsince 1987, 6 suffered from hepatic haemangioma, the othercase was due to injection of TH compound into the hepaticartery during operation. The hepatic artery was injected withethanol so as to evaluate the liver damage in experimentalrats.RESULTS: All the cases were found to have destructivedamage of intra- and extrahepatic bile duct at the hilum withbiliary hepetocirrhosis. Experimental results revealednecrosis of the liver parenchyma, especially around theportal tract and obliteration of intrahepatic bile duct.CONCLUSIONS: To prevent the severe biliary comlications ofHAE, the use of HAE for hepatic haemangioma which waswidely practiced in China, should be re-evaluated. Hepaticarterial embolization of hepatic haemangioma may result insevere destructive biliary damages and its indiscriminate useshould be prohibited. | Xiao-Qiang Huang Zhi-Qiang Huang Wei-Dong Duan Nin-Xing Zhou Yu-Quan Feng Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery,General Hospital of PLA,Beijing 100853,China | 2002 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2002，8，1： | 54 |
| 7 | Effects of time interval for hemofiltration on the prognosis of severe acute pancreatitis显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the impact of time interval for hemofiltration(HF) on the prognosis of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP).METHODS: Thirty-six consecutive patients with severe acutepancreatitis were included in the study. Atlanta classificationsystem was applied for stratification. They were randomlydivided into short veno-venous HF group, (SWH, Group 1,20 patients); and long veno-venous HF group (LWH, Group2, 16 patients). In group 1, SWH was stopped when theabdominal signs disappeared, and heart rate and breathrate were less than 90 leats/min and 20 times/min,respectively. HF was stopped if SWH was continued, andwhen heart rate and breath rate were more than 90 beats/min and 20 times/min again (Group 2). Except that the timeinterval for HF was different, other parameters for HF werethe same. And conservative curing rate, survival rate, costfor hospital stay and length of hospital stay were observed.RESULTS: Time interval for HF in Group 1 (3.81±1.3 hr)was shorter than that of in Group 2 (9.38+2.9hr), P<0.01.Conservative curing rate (90 %) in Group 1 was much higherthan that in Group 2 (56.3 %) (P<0.05); but cost in Group 1(RMB 56 600±56 400 Yuan) was lower than that in Group 2(RMB 137 000±105 000 Yuan) (P<0.05). And the survival rate(95 %) in Group 1 was higher than that in Group 2 (81.3 %)(P<0.25); however, hospital stay in Group 1 (44.3±41 days)was shorter than that in Group 2 (55.2±39.5 days) (P<0.2).So, the prognosis was not improved through the prolongationof time interval for HF, but side-effects were seen.CONCLUSION: The prognosis was not further improvedby LWH in the treatment of SAP, with side-effects. Timeinterval for HF plays an important role in treatment of SAPin early stage. SWH is thought to be superior to LWH; andLWH is superior to CVVH in early (72hrs) treatment of SAP. | En-Qiang Mao Yao-Qing Tang Sheng-Dao Zhang Department of Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Second Medical University, Shanghai 200025, China | 2003 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2003，9，2： | 56 |
| 8 | Roux-en-Y choledochojejunostomy using novel magnetic compressive anastomats in canine model of obstructive jaundice显示文摘BACKGROUND:The traditional hand-sewn Roux-en-Y choledochojejunostomy is technically complicated,and the incidence of postoperative complications has remained high.A set of novel magnetic compressive anastomats was introduced to facilitate choledochojejunostomy and improve the prognosis of patients.METHODS:After ligating the common bile duct for 7 days,16 dogs were randomly divided into two groups (n=8 per group).Anastomats were used in the study group,and the traditional hand-sewn method was used in the control group for standard Roux-en-Y choledochojejunostomy.We compared the operation time,incidence of complications,gross appearance,and pathological disparity in stoma between the two groups in 1-month and 3-month follow-up examinations.RESULTS:The time spent on constructing the anastomosis for the study group was significantly shortened.Although no anastomotic stenosis occurred in the two groups,the narrowing rate of biliary-enteric anastomosis was much higher in the control group.There was one case of bile leakage in the control group,whereas no bile leakage occurred in the study group.A smoother surface,an improved layer apposition,and a lower local inflammatory response were identified in the anastomosis of the study group.CONCLUSION:The structures of the novel magnetic compressive anastomats are simple,and they are time-saving,safe and efficient for performing Roux-en-Y choledocho- jejunostomy procedures in a canine model of obstructive jaundice. | Chao Fan,Xiao-Peng Yan,Shi-Qi Liu,Chun-Bao Wang,Jian-Hui Li,Liang Yu,Zheng Wu and Yi Lv Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Department of Pathology,First Affiliated Hospital,School of Medicine,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710061,China Department of Surgical Oncology,Third Affiliated Hospital,School of Medicine,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710068,China | 2012 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2012，11，1： | 49 |
| 9 | 平阳霉素治疗脉管性疾病规范显示文摘采用平阳霉素治疗血管瘤和脉管畸形,已被证实具有良好的疗效,但对其不良作用,应引起高度重视,并采取相应预防措施。本指南确定了平阳霉素治疗脉管畸形的适应证、浓度、用药方法、不良作用和预防抢救措施,对临床治疗具有重要的指导作用。 | (Division of Vascular Anomalies,Chinese Society of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery,Chinese Stomatological Association.China) | 2011 | 中国口腔颌面外科杂志2011，9，1： | 42 |
| 10 | Pancreatic microcirculatory impairment in experimental acute pancreatitis in rats显示文摘AIM: To study the feature of pancreatic microcirculatoryimpairment, especially the initial changes, in caerulein-induced experimental acute pancreatitis (AP).METHODS: The pancreatic microcirculation of caerulein-induced AP model was studied by intravital fluorescencemicroscopy with FITC-labeled erythrocytes (FITC-RBC),scanning electron microscopy of vascular corrosion casts,and light microscopy of Chinese ink-injected/cleared tissues.RESULTS: Animals in caerulein-treated group showedhyperamylemia (× 2), pancreatic oedema, infiltration ofinflammatory cells in pancreas. Constrictions of intralobulararteriolar sphincters, presence of vacuoles in all layers ofsphincter, and gross irregularity in capillary network of aciniwere found in the AP specimens. The decrease of pancreaticcapillary blood flow (0.34±0.10 nl @ min-1 vs0.910.06 nl @rain-1 of control, P<0.001), reduction of functional capillarydensity(277± 13 cm-1 vs349±8 cm-1 of control, P<0.001),and irregular intermittent perfusion were observed incaerulein-induced groups.CONCLUSION: Impairment and constriction of pancreaticintralobular arteriolar sphincter are the initial microcirculatorylesions in the early phase of acute pancreatitis, and play akey role in the pancreatic ischaemia and pancreaticmicrovascular failure in acute pancreatitis. | Zong-Guang Zhou You-Dai Chen Wei Sun Zhong Chen,Ⅲ Department of General Surgery(Gastroenteric Surgery),West China Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan,China | 2002 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2002，8，5： | 49 |
| 11 | Ultrasonography guided percutaneous radiofrequency ablation for hepatic cavernous hemangioma显示文摘AIM: Hepatic cavernous hemangioma (HCH) is the mostcommon benign tumor of the liver and its management isstill controversial. Recent successin situ radiofrequencyablation of hepatic malignancies has led us to consider usingthis technique in patients with HCH. This study was to assessthe efficacy, safety, and complications of percutaneousradiofrequency ablation (PRFA) under ultrasonographyguidance in patients with HCH.METHODS: Twelve patients (four men and eight women,age ranged 33-56 years, mean age was 41.7 years) with 15hepatic cavernous hemangiomas (2.5 cm to 9.5 cm) weretreated using the RF-2000 generator and 10-needle LeVeenelectrode percutaneously guided by B-ultrasound. Lesionslarger than 3 cm were treated by multiple overlappingablations that encompass the entire lesion as well as a rimof normal liver tissue (approximately 0.5 cm).RESULTS: All the patients who received PRFA therapy hadno severe pain, bleeding or bile leakage during and afterthe procedures. Nine to 34 months′ follow-up (mean, 21months) by ultrasound and/or spiral CT scan demonstratedthat the ablated lesions in this group were shrunk remarkably,and the shrunken range was 38-79 % (mean, 67 % per 21months). The contrast enhancement was disappeared withinthe tumor or at its periphery in all cases on spiral CT scansobtained 3 to 6 months after treatment.CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that PRFAtherapy is a mini-invasive, simple, safe, and effective methodfor the treatment of selected patients with HCH. | Yan Cui Li-Yan Zhou Man-Ku Dong Ping Wang Min Ji Xiao-Ou Li Chang-Wei Chen Zi-Pei Liu Yong-Jie Xu Hong-Wen Zhang Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery,Beijing 306 Hospital,Chaoyang District,Beijing 100101,China | 2003 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2003，9，9： | 43 |
| 12 | Effect of NF-κB and p38 MAPK in activated monocytes/macrophages on pro-inflammatory cytokines of rats with acute pancreatitis显示文摘AIM: Proinfiammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 play a main role in acute pancreatitis (AP). Cytokine biosynthesis runs through two major signaling pathways at the level of proteins: nuclear transcription factor-κB (NF-κB) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK). The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of NF-κB and p38 MAPK in activated monocytes/macrophages on cytokines of rats with acute pancreastitis.METHODS: Taurocholate (3 % and 5 %) at doses of 1 mL/kg was administered into the biliopancreatic duct of male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats to reduce acute edematous pancreariris (AEP) and acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP).Pancreatic tissues were prepared immediately after death.At this point, blood was obtained for determination of serum amylase and pro-inflammatory TNF-α and IL-6. Activated monocytes/macrophages were captured from blood and so were ascites. NF-κB and p38 MAPK in activated monocytes/macrophages were measured by immunohistochemistry method. Pancreatic tissue samples were prepared for routine light microscopy, using hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining.RESULTS: The serum levels of amylase were 3 056.00±1 232.35 IU/L and 4 865.12±890.34 IU/L at 3 and 6 hours in ANP group, which were significantly higher than those (3 056.00±1 232.35 TU/L and 3 187.17±821.16 IU/L) (P<0.05,respectively) in AEP group. In ascites the levels were 3.32±1.01 g and 3.76±1.12 g at 3 and 6 hours in ANP group,which were significantly higher than those (1.43±1.02 g and 2.56±1.21 g) (P<0.05, respectively) in AEP group. The serum levels of TNF-α were 54.27±23.48 pg/ml and 67.83±22.02 pg/ml in AEP group and 64.28±20.79 pg/ml and 106.59±43.71 pg/ml in ANP group, and the serum levels of IL-6 were 428.12±140.30 pg/ml and 420.13±139.40 pg/ml in AEP group and 1 600.32±309.78 pg/ml and 2 203.76±640.85 pg/ml in ANP group, which were far significantly higher than those in sham group (P<0.001, respectively). The serum level of TNF-α 6 hours after establishment of the studied model and that of IL-6 at 3 and 6 hours in ANP group were significantly higher than those in AEP (P<0.05, P<0.001, P<0.05). In ANP group, the levels of serum TNF-α and IL-6 6 hours after establishment of the studied model were significantly higher than those 3 hours after establishment of studied model (P<0.05, P<0.05, respectively). Three and 6 hours after establishment of the model, typical pathological changes of AEP and ANP were found, such as large numbers of inflammatory cells, edema, hemorrhage, necrosis, large amount of ascites. In AEP, NF-κB and p38 MAPK in activated monocytes/macrophages were moderately found at 3 and 6 hours after introduction of the model. However, in ANP,the expression of NF-κB and p38 MAPK in activated monocytes/macrophages was upregulated evidently at 3 and 6 hours after introduction of the model, reaching their highest levels at 6 hours after introduction of the model, which were consistent with the levels of TNF-α and IL-6.CONCLUSION: Cytokine TNF-α and IL-6 play a main rolein acute pancreatitis, expression of NF-κB and p38 MAPK in activated monocytes/macrophages might play a major role in cytokine transcription and biosynthesis. | Hong-Shan Liu Cheng-En Pan Qing-Guang Liu Wei Yang Xue-Min Liu, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China | 2003 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2003，9，11： | 42 |
| 13 | Changes in the level of serum liver enzymes after laparoscopic surgery显示文摘AIM: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectof laparoscopic surgery on liver function in humans and thepossible mechanisms behind such effect.METHODS: Blood samples from 286 patients whounderwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) and 40patients who underwent open cholecystectomy (OC) weretested for liver function by measuring the level of serumalanine aminotrasferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotrasferase(AST) before and after the operations. The same tests werealso applied to 18 laparoscopic colorectal cancer resection(LCR) patients and 23 open colorectal cancer resection (OCR)patients to determine whether CO2 pneumoperitoneum couldalter the serum liver enzymes.RESULTS: The level of serum ALT and AST increasedsignificantly during the first 48 hours post operations in bothLC and LCR patients. However, no significant change of theserum liver enzymes was detected in both OC and OCRpatients. As a result, there was statistically significantdifference in change of both ALT and AST levels betweenLC and OC patients and LCR and OCR patients, respectively.By the 7th day post operation, the level of both enzymesreturned to normal values in LC, OC and OCR patients exceptLCR patients whose enzymes remained at a higher level.CONCLUSION: Transient elevation of hepatic transaminasesoccurred after laparoscopic surgery. The major causativefactor seemed to be the CO2 pneumoperitoneum. In mostof the laparoscopic surgery patients, the transient elevationof serum liver enzymes showed no apparent clinicalimplications. However, if preoperative liver function was verypoor, laparoscopic surgery may not be the best choice forthe treatment of patients with certain abdominal diseases. | Min Tan Feng-Feng Xu Jun-Shen Peng Dong-Ming Li Liu-Hua Chen Bao-Jun Lv Zhen-Xian Zhao Chen Huang Chao-Xu Zheng Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhong Shah University, 58 Zhongshan 2 Road Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province China | 2003 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2003，9，2： | 42 |
| 14 | Changes of gut bacteria and immune parameters in liver transplant recipients显示文摘BACKGROUND: Liver transplantation is one of the most effective therapeutic options for patients with end-stage liver diseases, and gut microbiota is actively involved in potential infections in pretransplant and posttransplant patients. However, the diversity of gut microbiota and its relationship with the immune parameter of liver transplantation recipients are not well understood. METHODS: We collected fresh feces and blood samples from 190 participants in China from November 2004 to May 2008, including 28 healthy volunteers, 51 cirrhotic patients and 111 liver-transplanted patients. Six interesting gut bacteria, plasma endotoxin, serum cytokines (i.e., tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-6) and fecal secretory IgA (SIgA) were investigated by real-time quantitative PCR, chromogenic limulus amoebocyte assay, sandwich-type enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and radioimmunoassay, respectively. RESULTS: All Eubacteria, Bifidobacterium spp., Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Lactobacillus spp. were significantly lower in the liver transplantation recipients while Enterobacteriaceae and Enterococcus spp. were significantly higher (P<0.05). Except for Enterococcus spp., other bacteria showed a tendency to restore to normal level along with the time after liver transplantation. Plasma endotoxin, interleukin-6 and fecal SIgA in cirrhotic patients increased significantly, but not in liver transplantation recipients. Plasma endotoxin and interleukin-6 were negatively correlated with all Eubacteria and the Bacteroides-Prevotella group, while tumor necrosis factor alpha was not significantly correlated with these six gut bacteria in cirrhotic patients.CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrates that abundant gut bacteria were altered significantly in both cirrhotic and liver transplantation patients, while plasma endotoxin and interleukin-6 increased remarkably in cirrhotic patients, showing significant correlations with gut microbiota. Interestingly, our data show a tendency for these gut bacteria to restore to normal levels in liver transplantation recipients. | Zhong-Wen Wu, Zong-Xin Ling, Hai-Feng Lu, Jian Zuo, Ji-Fang Sheng, Shu-Sen Zheng and Lan-Juan Li State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases Key Lab of Combined Multiorgan Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Key Lab of Organ Transplantation and Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery , First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China | 2012 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2012，11，1： | 37 |
| 15 | Detection of serum tumor markers in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with pancreatic cancer显示文摘BACKGROUND: Although a variety of tumor markers areavailable for diagnosis of pancreatic cancer, their sensitivityand specificity have not yet been ideal. The aims of thisstudy was to detect a panel of serum tumor markers and toevaluate their significance in the diagnosis and prognosis ofpancreatic cancer patients.METHODS: Eight serum tumor markers including AFP,CEA, CA-50, CA72-4, CA-125, CA153, CA19-9 and CA242were detected in 129 patients with pancreatic cancer by usingchemiluminescence immunoassay, immunofluorescence as-say and immunoradiometric assay, respectively. The levelsof these markers were compared in 99 patients with non-pancreatic malignant tumor, 63 patients with other benigndiseases, and 27 patients with pancreatic cancer after pan-createctomy.RESULTS: Among the 8 tumor markers, CA19-9, CA242,CA-50, and CA72-4 were more sensitive in the diagnosis ofpancreatic cancer. Parallel combined testing could increasethe diagnostic sensitivity to 89.2%, and serial combined exa-mination could increase the diagnostic specificity to 92.3%.The serum tumor markers levels were decreased significant-ly after radical tumor resection.CONCLUSIONS: Serum CA19-9, CA242, CA-50, andCA72-4 are the preferred tumor markers to be used in thediagnosis and follow-up of operated cases of pancreaticcancer. Testing of a panel of multiple serum tumor mark-ers may increase the sensitivity and specificity in the diag-nosis of pancreatic cancer. | Xiao-Ting Jiang, Hou-Quan Tao and Shou-Chun Zou Clinical Medical Laboratory and Depart-ment of Surgery , Zhejiang Provincial People’ sHospital, Hangzhou 310014 , China | 2004 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2004，3，3： | 35 |
| 16 | Changing patterns of traumatic bile duct injuries:a review of forty years experience显示文摘AIM:To summarize the experiences of treating bile ductinjuries in 40 years of clinical practice.METHODS:Based on the experience of more than 40 yearsof clinical work,122 cases including a series of 61 bile ductinjuries of the Southwest Hospital,Chongqing,and 42cases(1989-1997)and 19 cases(1998-2001)of the GeneralHospital of PLA,Beijing,cases were reviewed with specialreference to the pattern of injury.A series of cases of theliver and the biliary tract injuries following interventionaltherapy for hepatic tumors,most often hemangioma of theliver,were collected.Chinese medical literature from 1995 to1999 dealing with 2742 traumatic bile duct strictures werereviewed.RESULTS:There was a changing pattern of the bile ductinjury.Although most of the cases of bile duct injuriesresulted from open cholecystectomy.Other types of traumasuch as laparoscopic cholecysiectomy(LC)and hepaticsurgery were increased in recent years.Moreover,serioushepato-biliary injuries following HAE using sclerotic agentssuch as sodium morrhuate and absolute ethanol for thetreatment of hepatic hemangiomas were encountered inrecent years.Experiences in how to avoid bile duct injuryand to treat traumatic biliary strictures were presented.CONCLUSION:Traumatic bile duct stricture is one of theserious complications of hepato-biliary surgery,itsprevalence seemed to be increased in recent years.Thepattern of bile duct injury was also changed and has becomemore complicated.Interventional therapy with sclerosingagents may cause serious hepatobiliary complications andshould be avoided. | Zhi-Qiang Huang Xiao-Qiang Huang Research Institute of General Surgery,The General Hospital of Chinese PLA,Beijing 100853,China | 2002 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2002，8，1： | 37 |
| 17 | Effects of the tyrosine protein kinase inhibitor genistein on the proliferation,activation of cultured rat hepatic stellate cells显示文摘AIM: Hepatic stellate cell (HSC) plays a pivotal role inliver fibrosis and is considered as the therapeutic targetfor the treatment of hepatic fibrosis. Tyrosine proteinkinase plays an important role in the proliferation,activation of HSC. The purpose of the study is toinvestigate the effects of the tyrosine protein kinaseinhibitor genistein onthe proliferation and activationof cultured rat HscMETHODS: Rat HSC were isolated from Wistar rats by insitu perfusion of collagenase and pronase and single-stepdensity Nycodenz gradient. Culture-activated HSC wereserum-starved and incubated with 10-3 to 10-5 mol/Lconcentration of genistein for 24, 48 or 72 h. In PDGF-induced HSC proliferation, HSC were stimulatel with L0μg@L-1PDGF-BB for 15 min, and then treaeed with genisteinfor the same time. Cell proliferation was measured byMTr assay and based on flow cytometric analysis of cellcycle. The a-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression inHSC was studied with confocal laser microscopy and flowcytometry. c-fos c-jun and cyclin D1 expression in HSCwas also detected by flow cytometry.RESULTS: Genistein inhibited basal and PDGF-inducedproliferation of HSC at the concentration of 10-8 to 10-5mol/L, and treatment with 10-7 mol/L concentration ofgenistein for 48 h inhibited the HSC proliferationsignificantly (the inhibition rate was 70.3 %, P<0.05).Immunofluorescence detected by confocal lasermicroscopy and flow cytometry showed that treatmentwith 10-7 mol/L genistein for 48 h suppressed theexpression of α-SMA significantly in HSC (the specificfluorescence intensity were 60.2±21.5 vs 35.3±11.6and 12.8± 10.4 vs9.54±6.39, respectively, both P<0.05).The intensity of c-fos, c-jun and cydin D1 expression ofHSCs treated with 10-7 mol/L genistein for 48 h wasalso significantly decreased compared with the controls.CONCLUSION: Genistein influences proliferation of HSC,suppresses the expression of α-SMA in HSC and tinhibits the intensity of c-fos, c-jun and cyclin D1expression of HSCs. Genistein has therapeutic potentialagainst liver fibrosis. | Xiao-Jing Liu Ming-Hui Huang Laboratory of Department of Internal Medicine,West China Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan Province,China Li Yang Qiong Wang Yi-Ping Wang Department of Gastroenterology of West China Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan Province,China Yong-Qiu Mao Center for Cancer Biotherapy of West China Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan Province,China Hong-Bin Wu Laboratory of Department of Surgery,West China Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan Province,China | 2002 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2002，8，4： | 38 |
| 18 | The immunotherapeutic effect of dendritic cells vaccine modified with interleukin-18 gene and tumor cell lysate on mice with pancreatic carcinoma显示文摘AIM:To estimate the effect of a therapeutic vaccine against pancreatic carcinoma based on dendritic cell(DC)vaccine modified with tumor lysate and Interleukin-18 gene.METHODS:The BALB/C mice model of pancreatic arcinoma was induced with DMBA,DCvaccine was construted through pulsed with tumor lysate and transfected by the recombinant adenoviral vector encoding IL-18gene.The immnotherapeutic effects of DC vaccine on mice with pancreatic carcinoma were assessed (divided intoD-IL18-Lysate group,DC-Lysate group,DC-IL18 group,DC group,PBSgroup).RESULTS:After vaccination of the DC vaccine,the concentration of IL-18and IFN-γwere 2161±439ng·L^-1and435±72ng·L^-1inDC-IL18-Lysate group and there was significant difference compared with other groups(P<0.01)After vaccination of the DCcvaccine,the transplanted tumors were observed on 30days inDC-Lysate groups.on 16daysinDC-IL18groups.on3days in control group,but mice remained tumor-free for at least50days in DC-IL18-Lysate group and there was significant difference between DC-IL18-Lysate group and other groups(P<0.01).The median survival exceeds62days in DC-IL18-Lysate group.But the medsian surival was 48.6days in DC-Lysate group,33days in DC-IL-18group,17days in PBSgroup.The survival period was obviously prolonged in DC-IL18-Lysate group than in other groups(P<0.05,P<0.01).The weight of pancreatic tumor was0.22±0.083ginDC-IL18-Lysate group,1.45±0.74ginDC-Lysate group,1.89±1.34gin DC-IL18group,3.0±1.6ginDCgroup,2.9±2.0ginPBSgroup and the weight of tumor obviously reduced in DC-IL-18-Lysate group than in other groups(P<0.05,P<0.01).CONCLUSION:DC vaccine modified with tumo lysate and Interleukin-18gene can induce a specific and effective immune response against pancreatic cancinoma,cell. | Zhao-Hui Tang Gao-Song Wu Sheng-Quan Zou Fa-Zhu Qiu Department of Surgery of Tong Ji Hospital Wen-Hong Qiu Department of immunology,Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430030,Hubei Province,China Xiang-Ping Yang Department of Biochemistry,Rheinisch-Westfalische Technische Hochschule(RWTH),D-52074 Aachen,Germany | 2002 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2002，8，5： | 37 |
| 19 | The influence of Enteral Nutrition in postoperative patients with poor liver function显示文摘AIM: To investigate the safety, rationality and the practicality of enteral nutritional (EN) support in the postoperative patients with damaged liver function and the protective effect of EN on the gut barrier.METHODS: 135 patients with liver function of Child B or C grade were randomly allocated to enteral nutrition group (EN, 65 cases), total parenteral nutrition group (TPN, 40cases) and control group (CON, 30 cases). Nutritional parameters, hepatic and kidney function indexes were measured at the day before operation, 5th and 10th day after the operation respectively. Comparison was made to evaluate the efficacy of different nutritional support. Urinary concentrations of lactulose(L) and mannitol(M) were measured by pulsed electrochemical detection(HPLC-PED)and the L/M ratio calculated to evaluate their effectiveness on protection of gut barrier.RESULTS: No significant damages in hepatic and kidney function were observed in both EN and TPN groups between pre- and postoperatively. EN group was the earliest one reaching the positive nitrogen balance after operation and with the lowest loss of body weight and there was no change in L/M ratio after the operation (0.026±0.004) at the day 1before operation, 0.030±0.004 at the day 5 postoperative and 0.027±0.005 at the day 10 postoperative), but the change in TPN group was significant at the day 5postoperative (0.027±0.003 vs 0.038±0.009,P<0.01).CONCLUSION: EN is a rational and effective method in patients with hepatic dysfunction after operation and has significant protection effect on the gut barrier. | Qing-Gang Hu Qi-Chang Zheng Department of Surgery,Xiehe hospital,Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430022,Hubei Province,China | 2003 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2003，9，4： | 38 |
| 20 | Advances in gene therapy of liver cirrhosis: a review显示文摘INTRODUCTIONLiver fibrosis or cirrhosis is a common progressively pathological lesion of chronic liver diseases in response to various liver-damaging factors. The main mechanisms of fibrotic or cirrhotic initiation and progression at the level of cellular and molecular events have been elucidated in the past two decades[1,2]. | Wen Jie Dai Hong Chi Jiang Second Department of General Surgery, the First Clinical School, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China | 2001 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2001，7，1： | 34 |
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