| 1 | Zuogui Wan(左归丸) improves trabecular bone microarchitecture in ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis rats by regulating orexin-A and orexin receptors显示文摘OBJECTIVE:To investigate the protective effects of Zuogui Wan(左归丸,ZGW)on bone loss induced by ovariectomy(OVX)and its mechanism via orexin-A and orexin receptors in the osteoporosis rat model.METHODS:Fifty Sprague-Dawley female rats were randomly divided into sham-operated(sham)group and four OVX subgroups.Rats subjected to sham and OVX were treated with the vehicle(OVX,1 mL/100 g weight,n=10),17β-estradiol(E2,50μg·kg-1·d-1),and ZGW at the doses of 2.3(ZGW-L)and 4.6(ZGW-H)g/kg/day lyophilized powder daily for 3 months,respectively.The serum biochemical parameters of 17β-estrogen(17β-E2),tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase(TRACP-5 b)and bone alkaline phosphatase(BALP)were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to detect the changes in the morphological structure in bones.Microcomputed tomography was used to evaluate the bone mineral density and microarchitecture of the distal femur.The gene or protein expression of orexin-A,orexin receptor 1(OX1R),orexin receptor 2(OX2R),osteoprotegerin(OPG)and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand(RANKL)were assayed by either quantitative polymerase chain reaction or Western blot analysis.RESULTS:Compared with the OVX group,ZGW could reduce the serum level of TRACP-5b and increased the serum levels of BALP and 17β-E2(P<0.01).Meanwhile,ZGW could prevent bone loss and improved bone trabecular microarchitecture by increasing the trabeculae structure thickness and trabecular number,and arranging the trabeculae structure properly.Compared with the OVX group,it was upregulated for the orexin-A and OX2R mRNA or protein expression from the hypothalamus and tibiae,and OPG in the tibiae of ZGW groups(P<0.01,<0.05),while downregulated for the OX1R mRNA and protein expression in the tibiae and hypothalamus and RANKL from the tibiae(P<0.01).CONCLUSION:ZGW exhibited a protective effect for PMOP that may be mediated via orexin-A and orexin receptors regulation. | LIU Feixiang TAN Feng FAN Qiaoling TONG Weiwei TENG Zhanli YE Sumin LI Xing ZHANG Mingyue CHAI Yi MAI Chongying | 2021 | Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine2021，41，6： | 0 |
| 2 | Smart nanoparticles for cancer therapy显示文摘Smart nanoparticles,which can respond to biological cues or be guided by them,are emerging as a promising drug delivery platform for precise cancer treatment.The field of oncology,nanotechnology,and biomedicine has witnessed rapid progress,leading to innovative developments in smart nanoparticles for safer and more effective cancer therapy.In this review,we will highlight recent advancements in smart nanoparticles,including polymeric nanoparticles,dendrimers,micelles,liposomes,protein nanoparticles,cell membrane nanoparticles,mesoporous silica nanoparticles,gold nanoparticles,iron oxide nanoparticles,quantum dots,carbon nanotubes,black phosphorus,MOF nanoparticles,and others.We will focus on their classification,structures,synthesis,and intelligent features.These smart nanoparticles possess the ability to respond to various external and internal stimuli,such as enzymes,pH,temperature,optics,and magnetism,making them intelligent systems.Additionally,this review will explore the latest studies on tumor targeting by functionalizing the surfaces of smart nanoparticles with tumor-specific ligands like antibodies,peptides,transferrin,and folic acid.We will also summarize different types of drug delivery options,including small molecules,peptides,proteins,nucleic acids,and even living cells,for their potential use in cancer therapy.While the potential of smart nanoparticles is promising,we will also acknowledge the challenges and clinical prospects associated with their use.Finally,we will propose a blueprint that involves the use of artificial intelligence-powered nanoparticles in cancer treatment applications.By harnessing the potential of smart nanoparticles,this review aims to usher in a new era of precise and personalized cancer therapy,providing patients with individualized treatment options. | Leming Sun Hongmei Liu Yanqi Ye Yang Lei Rehmat Islam Sumin Tan Rongsheng Tong Yang-Bao Miao Lulu Cai | 2023 | Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy2023，8，12： | 0 |
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