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| 1 | Corticosteroids and pentoxifylline for the treatment of alcoholic hepatitis:Current status显示文摘The treatment of choice for patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis (AH) is use of corticosteroids.Many randomized well designed studies have been reported from all over the world on the use of corticosteroids in the treatment of AH.However,the data on the efficacy of corticosteroids in these patients have been conflicting.Initial meta-analyses also failed to show beneficial effects of corticosteroids.Based on individual data meta-analysis showing clear benefit of corticosteroids amongst patients with severe AH (modified discriminant function of 32 or more),led American College of Gastroenterology to recommend use of corticosteroids as the first line treatment option amongst patients with severe AH.However,corticosteroids are relatively contraindicated amongst patients with severe AH and coexistent sepsis,gastrointestinal bleeding,and acute pancreatitis.These patients may be candidates for second line treatment with pentoxifylline.Further,specific treatment of AH with corticosteroids far from satisfactory with as many as 40%-50% of patients failing to respond to steroids,thus classified as nonresponsive to steroids.The management of these patients is a continuing challenge for physicians.Better treatment modalities need to be developed for this group of patients in order to improve the outcome of patients with severe AH.This article describes at length the available trials on use of corticosteroids and pentoxifylline with their current status.Route of administration,dosage,adverse effects,and mechanisms of action of these two drugs are also discussed.Finally,an algorithm with clinical approach to management of patients who present with clinical syndrome of AH is described. | Ashwani K Singal Ishmeet Walia Anjna Singal Roger D Soloway | 2011 | World Journal of Hepatology2011，3，8： | 7 |
| 2 | 用低温光谱方法揭示氢键的结构特征显示文摘本文提出一种利用红外光谱方法揭示晶态物质中分子的氢键结构的新方法。用KBr压片和氟油研磨法制备用于红外光谱测量的样品 ,测得的光谱有时基本相同 ,有时却表现出明显的差别。对此现象一直没有一个十分满意的解释。我们用低温红外光谱法证明压力诱导晶格中氢键网络的微细变化是造成不同制样法测得的光谱不同的原因。具有平面氢键结构的晶体不能有效地抵御施加于样品上的应力 ,易于在较低的外力作用下发生结构畸变 ,因此 ,用KBr压片和氟油研磨法制备样品的与氢键相关的特征谱带会表现出明显的不同。当样品的氢键具有三维空间结构时 ,其氢键系统可以有效地抵抗来自各个方向的压力 ,故不同制样法所得的光谱基本上是一致的。据此 ,我们提出 ,不同制样法所得到的与氢键相关的特征谱带差别可以作为一种判别样品的氢键是否具有三维空间结构的一个判据。 | 徐怡庄 吴瑾光 徐建平 翁诗甫 许振华 徐端夫 R D SOLOWAY 徐光宪 | 2000 | 光谱学与光谱分析2000，20，2： | 3 |
| 3 | Recent and currently emerging medical treatment options for the treatment of alcoholic hepatitis显示文摘Patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis (AH) need to be treated with specific treatment for better outcome.Currently available specific treatment modalities are use of corticosteroids or pentoxifylline.However,the response rate to these drugs is only about 50%-60%.Hence,there is an urgent need for better and more effective treatment options.Tumor necrosis factor plays an important role in the pathogenesis of AH.However,agents blocking the action of tumor necrosis factor have not been found to be effective.Rather the randomized studies evaluating these agents showed an adverse effect and more infections in treated patients.Critical role of tumor necrosis factor in hepatic regen-eration explaining this contrast is discussed.Oxidative stress and inflammation derived from gut bacteria ate two main components in the pathogenesis of AH laying foundation for the role of antioxidants,probiotics,and antibiotics in the management of AH.This article reviews the current data and status of these newer agents for the treatment of AH.Of the various options available,Vitamin E and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) have shown great promise for clinical use as adjunct to corticosteroids.With these encouraging data,future well designed studies are suggested to assess Vitamin E and NAC before their routine use in clinical practice in the management of AH. | Gabriel L Reep Roger D Soloway | 2011 | World Journal of Hepatology2011，3，8： | 2 |
| 4 | Stratification of patients with metastatic cancer based on ex- tent of disease on initial bone scan显示文摘 | Soloway M S Hardeman S W Hickey D | 1988 | Cancer1988，61，1： | 1 |
| 5 | Stratification of patients with metastatic cancer based on extent of disease on initial bone scan显示文摘 | Soloway MS Hardeman SW Hickey D | 1998 | Cancer1998，61，1： | 1 |
| 6 | Epithelioid leiomyoma of the bladder: an unusual cause of voiding symptoms 显示文摘 | Soloway D Simon MA Milikowski C | 1998 | Urology1998，51，6： | 1 |
| 7 | Increased medial degradation with pseudo -aneurysm formation in apolipoprotein E-knockout mice deficient in tissue in- hibitor of metalloproteinases-1显示文摘 | Lemaitre V Soloway PD D'Armiento J | 2003 | Circulation2003，107，2： | 1 |
| 8 | Stratifica- tion of patients with metastatic cancer based on extent of disease on initial bonescan 显示文摘 | Soloway M S Hardeman S W I-Iickey D | 1988 | Cancer1988，61，： | 1 |
| 9 | Increased Medial Degradation With Pseudo-Aneurysm Formation in Apolipoprotein E–Knockout Mice Deficient in Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases-1显示文摘 | Vincent Lema?tre Paul D. Soloway Jeanine D’Armiento | 2003 | Circulation: Journal of the American Heart Association2003，，2： | 1 |
| 10 | Stratification of patients with metastatic cancer based on extent of disease on initial bone scan显示文摘 | Soloway MS Hardeman SW Hickey D | 1988 | Cancer1988，61，1： | 1 |
| 11 | Increased Medial Degradation With Pseudo-Aneurysm Formation in Apolipoprotein E–Knockout Mice Deficient in Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases-1显示文摘 | Vincent Lema?tre Paul D. Soloway Jeanine D’Armiento | 2003 | Circulation: Journal of the American Heart Association2003，，2： | 1 |
| 12 | Stratification of patients with metastatic prostate cancer based on extent of disease on initial bone scan显示文摘 | Soloway MS Hardeman SW Hickey D | 1988 | Cancer1988，61，1： | 1 |
| 13 | Epithelioid leiomyoma of the bladder:an unusual cause of voiding symptoms显示文摘 | Soloway D Simon MA Milikowski C | 1998 | Urology1998，51，6： | 1 |
| 14 | Stratification of patients with metastatic cancer based on extent of disease on initial bone scan显示文摘 | Soloway MS Hardeman SW Hickey D | 1988 | Cancer1988，61，： | 1 |
| 15 | Stratification of pa- tients with metastatic cancer based on extent of disease on initialbone scan显示文摘 | Soloway MS Hardeman SW Hiekey D | 1988 | Cancer1988，61，1： | 1 |
| 16 | Stratification of patients with metastatic prostate cancer based on extent of disease on initial bone scan显示文摘 | Hardeman SW Hickey D | 1988 | Cancer1988，61，1： | 1 |
| 17 | Stratification of patients with metastatic cancer based on extent of disease on initial bone scan显示文摘 | Soloway MS Hardeman SW Hickey D | 1988 | Cancer1988，61，： | 1 |
| 18 | Increased medial degradation with pseudo-aneurysm formation in apolipoprotein E-knockout mice deficient in tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 显示文摘 | Lemaitre V Soloway PD D'Armiento J | 2003 | Circulation2003，107，： | 1 |
| 19 | Stratification of patients with metastatic cancer based on extent of disease on initial bone scan显示文摘 | Soloway MS Hardeman SW Hickey D | 1988 | Cancer1988，61，1： | 1 |
| 20 | Increased medi- al degradation with pseudo-aneurysm formation in apoli- poprotein E-knockout mice deficient in tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 显示文摘 | Lemaltre V Soloway P D D'Armiento | 2003 | Circulation2003，107，2： | 1 |
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