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| 1 | Combined Pollution and Pollution Index of Heavy Metals in Red Soil显示文摘A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn and As coexisting in red soilon growth of rice (Oryza sativa L.), mung bean (Vigna rabiata (Linn.) Wilczek), alfalfa (Medicago sativaL.), slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm.) and aspen (Populus L.). Results showed that rice, mung bean andalfalfa were significantly innuenced by combined pollution of the heavy metals. The contents of Pb, cd andAs in rice grains greatly exceeded the National Standards for Food Hygiene of China. Heavy metals at ahigh concentration seriously retarded growth of mung bean and alfalfa, but not so obviously with slash pineand aspen. The composite index is suggested for evaluating the relativity of combined pollution witll heavymetals in soil. | CHEN HUAIMAN ZHENG CHUNRONG WANG SHENQIANG and TU CONG(Institute of Soil Science, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 821, Naroing 210008 China) | 2000 | Pedosphere2000，10，2： | 56 |
| 2 | Numerical Simulation on Climate Effects of Freezing-Thawing Processes Using CCM3显示文摘A parameterization of soil freezing-thawing physics for use in the land-surface model of the National Center for Atmospheric Research(NCAR) Community Climate Model(CCM3) is developed and evaluated.The new parameterization scheme has improved the representation of physical processes in the existing land surface model.Numerical simulations using CCM3 with improved land-surface processes and with the original land-surface processes are compared against the NCEP reanalysis.It is found that the CCM3 version using the improved land surface model shows significant improvements in simulating precipitation in China during the summer season,the general circulation over East Asia,and wind fields over the Tibet Plateau.For the summer season,the improved model was able to better simulate the Indian summer monsoon components,including the mean northerly wind in the upper troposphere and mean southerly wind in the lower troposphere. | Chenghai Wang1,2*,Guodong Cheng3,Aijun Deng4,Wenjie Dong5 1.State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering,Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research In-stitute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou Gansu 730000,China 2.State Key Laboratory of Cryosphere Sciences,Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Insti-tute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou Gansu 730000,China 3.State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering,Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research In-stitute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou Gansu 730000,China 4.Department of Meteorology,The Pennsylvania State University,University Park,PA 16802 5.State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Ecology Resource,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China Chenghai Wang1,2*,Guodong Cheng3,Aijun Deng4,Wenjie Dong5 1.State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering,Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research In-stitute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou Gansu 730000,China 2.State Key Laboratory of Cryosphere Sciences,Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Insti-tute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou Gansu 730000,China 3.State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering,Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research In-stitute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou Gansu 730000,China 4.Department of Meteorology,The Pennsylvania State University,University Park,PA 16802 5.State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Ecology Resource,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China | 2008 | Research in Cold and Arid Regions2008，，1： | 44 |
| 3 | Formation and Water Stability of Aggregates in Red Soils as Affected by Organic Matter显示文摘FormationandWaterStabilityofAggregatesinRedSoilsasAffectedbyOrganicMatter￥ZHANGMINGKUI;HEZHENLI;CHENGUOCHAO;HUANGCHANGYONGIan... | ZHANG MINGKUI HE ZHENLI CHEN GUOCHAO HUANG CHANGYONGI andM. J. WILSON￣2(￣1DePartment of Land Use and Applied Chemistry, Zhejiang Agricultural University, Hangzhou 31O029(China))(￣2Soils and Soil Microbiology Division, Macaulay Land Use Research Inst | 1996 | Pedosphere1996，6，1： | 38 |
| 4 | Microbial Biomass Carbon and Total Organic Carbon of Soils as Affected by Rubber Cultivation显示文摘Soil samples were collected from different rubber fields in twenty-five plots selected randomly in the Experimental Farm of the Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Sciences located in Hainan, China, to analyse the ecological effect of rubber cultivation. The results showed that in the tropical rubber farm,soil microbial biomass C (MBC) and total organic C (TOC) were relatively low in the content but highly correlated with each other. After rubber tapping, soil MBC of mature rubber fields decreased significantly,by 55.5%, compared with immature rubber fields. Soil TOC also decreased but the difference was not significant. Ratios of MBC to TOC decreased significantly. The decreasing trend of MBC stopped at about ten years of rubber cultivation. After this period, soil MBC increased relatively while soil TOC still kept in decreasing. Soil MBC changes could be measured to predict the tendency of soil organic matter changes due to management practices in a tropical rubber farm several years before the changes in soil TOC become detectable. | ZHANG Hua and ZHANG Gan-LinInstitute of Soil Science, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 821, Nanjing 210008 | 2003 | Pedosphere2003，13，4： | 35 |
| 5 | Fractionation of Heavy Metals in Soils as Affected by Soil Types and Metal Load Quantity显示文摘Two series of soil subsamples, by spiking copper(Cu),lead(Pb),zinc(Zn)and cadmium(Cd)in an orthogonal design,were prepared using red soil and brown soil,respectively.The results indicated that heavy metal fractions in these soil subsamples depended not only on soil types,but also on metal loading quantity as well as on interactions among metals in soil.Lead and Cu in red soil appeared mostly in weakly specifically adsorbed(WSA),Fe and Mn oxides bound(OX),and residual(RES)fractions.Zine cxisted in all fractions except organic bound one,and Cd was major in water soluble plus exchangeable(SE)one.Different from the results of red soil,Pb and Cu was present in brown soil in all fractions except organic one,but over 75% of Zn and 90% of Cd existed only in SE fraction.Meanwhile,SE fraction for any metal in red soil was lower than that in brown soil and WSA and OX fractions were higher.It is in agreernent with low cation exchange capacity and large amounts of metal oxides included in red soil.Metal fractions in soil,especially for water soluble plus exchangeable one ,were obviously influenced by other coexisting metals.The SE fraction of heavy metals increased with increasing loading amounts of metals in red soil but not obviously in brown soil,which suggest that metal availability be easily affected by their total amounts spiked in red soil.In addition,more metals in red soil were extracted with 0.20 mol L^-1 NH4Cl(pH5.40)than that with 1.0 mol L^-1 Mg(NO3)2(pH7.0),but the reverse happened in brown soil,implicating significantly different mechanisms of metal desorption from red soil and brown soil. | ZHOU DONGMEI, CHEN HUAIMAN, HAO XIUZHEN and WANG YUJUNInstitute of Soil Science, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008 (China) | 2002 | Pedosphere2002，12，4： | 33 |
| 6 | Efficient Management of Nitrogen Fertilizers for Flooded Rice in Relation to Nitrogen Transformations in Flooded Soils显示文摘Recent progresses in efficient management of nitrogen fertilizers for flooded rice in relation to nitrogen transformations in flooded soil were reviewed.Considerable progress has been achieved in the investigation on the mechanism of ammonia loss and the factors affecting it .However,little progress has been obtained in the investigations on nitrification-denitrification loss owing to the lack of method for estimating the fluxes of gaseous N products.Thus,so far the management practices developed or under investigation primarily for reducing ammonia loss are feasible or promising,while those for reducing nitrification-denitrification loss seem obscure,except the point deep placement. In addition,it was emphasized that the prediction of soil N supply and the recommendation of the optimal rate of N application based on it are only semi-quantitative.The priorities in research for improving the prediction are indicated. | ZHU ZHAO-LIANGLMCP, Institute of Soil Science, Academia Sinica, P.O.Box 821, Nanjing 210008 (China) | 1992 | Pedosphere1992，2，2： | 28 |
| 7 | Use of Controlled Release Fertilizer for Increasing N Efficiency of Direct Seeding Rice显示文摘Field trials on a silt-loamy paddy soil derived from shallow-sea deposit in direct seeding rice fields were conducted in Zhejiang, China, in 1996 to compare N efficiency of controlled release fertilizers (LP fertilizers) with the conventional urea. Six treatments including CK (no N fertilizer), conventional urea and different types of LP fertilizers at different rates were designed for two succeeding crops of early and late rice. A blend of different types of LP fertilizers as a single preplant 'co-situs' application released N in a rate and amount synchronizing with uptake pattern of direct seeding rice. A single preplant application of the LP fertilizers could meet the N requirement of rice for the whole growth period without need of topdressing. Using LP fertilizer blends, equivalent grain yields could be maintained even if the N fertilization rates were reduced by 25%~50% compared with the conventional urea. Agronomic efficiency of the LP fertilizers was 13.6%~ 86.4% higher than that of the conventional urea in early rice and 100%~164.1% in late rice, depending on the amounts of the LP fertilizers applied. N fertilizer recovery rate increased from 27.4% for the conventional application of urea to 41.7%~54.l% for the single preplant 'co-situs' application of the LP fertilizers. Use of the LP fertilizers was promising if the increase in production costs due to the high LP fertilizer prices could be compensated by increase in yield and N efficiency, reduction in labor costs and improvement in environment. | FU JIANRONG, ZHU YUANHONG and JIANG LINA Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021 (China) | 2001 | Pedosphere2001，11，4： | 27 |
| 8 | Interaction of NPK Fertilizers During Their Transformation in Soils: I. Dynamic Changes of Soil pH显示文摘Dynamic changes of soil pH as influenced by ammonium sulfate (AS), monocalcium phosphate (MCP),potassium chloride (KCl) and their interaction in soils were evaluated in incubation experiments. Applyingthese fertilizers significantly reduced soil pH values in all cases and followed sequences of AS > MCP >KCl, MCP > KCl > AS and KCl > AS > MCP for the paddy, calcareous and red soils, respectively. TheAS-induced reduction of pH in the three soils followed the sequence of red soil > paddy soil > calcareous soil,while in MCP and KCl systems the reduction of pH followed the sequences of calcareous soil > paddy soil >red soil and red soil > calcareous soil > paddy soil, respectively. The interactions of the NPK fertilizers on pHwere significant. MCP plus KCl or MCP plus AS reduced pH values more than the fertilizers applied solelyin the paddy soil, but AS partly counteracted the effect of MCP on pH in the 1 d sample of the calcareoussoil. The effect of MCP on pH was trivial when MCP was applied in combination with KCl or AS in the redsoil. When applied in combination with AS, KCl did not affect soil pH initially, but suppressed the reductionof pH at the later incubation stage, which was related to inhibition of nitrification by KCl in the soils. | WANG HUOYAN, ZHOU JIANMIN, CHEN XIAOQIN, LI SHOUTIAN, DU CHANGWEN and DONG CAIXIAInstitute of Soil Science, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008 (China) | 2003 | Pedosphere2003，13，3： | 28 |
| 9 | Simulation of energy and water balance in Soil-Vegetation-Atmosphere Transfer system in the mountain area of Heihe River Basin at Hexi Corridor of northwest China显示文摘In the mountain area of inland Heihe River Basin at Hexi Corridor of northwest China during the vegetation growing season from May to September, the Simultaneous Heat and Water (SHAW) model of Soil-Vegetation-Atmosphere Transfer (SVAT) system is applied to simulating and studying energy and water balance of the soil-residue-plant canopy layers in the Picea crassifolia forest and the grassland by the forest at the shaded slope and the grassland at the sun-facing slope. The simulation of energy balance indicates that net radiation of the grass- land at the sun-facing slope is more than that of the Picea crassifolia forest and the grassland by the forest at the shaded slope. The energy outgoing components are the first latent heat and next sensible heat from the grassland both at the shaded slope and the sun-facing slope, but those at the former are less. The energy outgoing components are the first sensible heat and next latent heat from the Picea crassifolia forest. The composition and distribution of energy in the soil-residue-plant canopy layers in the Picea crassifolia forest and the grassland by the forest at the shaded slope make the soil layer receive less energy, which therefore, especially the forest possesses the energy conditions for soil water conservation. The simulation of water balance indicates that the water loss of the grassland at the sun-facing slope is mainly caused by soil evaporation, while evapotranspiration of the Picea crassifolia forest and the grassland by the forest at the shaded slope is less than that of the grassland at the sun-facing slope. Half of the evapotranspiration of the Picea crassifolia forest and the grassland by the forest at the shaded slope is consumed by transpiration. After precipitation, the soil water storage is increased much more for the Picea crassifolia forest and also more for the grassland by the forest at the shaded slope. Therefore the shaded slope vegetation, especially the forest is favorable for soil water storage. | KANG Ersi1, CHENG Guodong1, , SONG Kechao1, JIN Bowen1, , LIU Xiande3 2 3 & WANG Jinye3 1. Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China 2. State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China 3. Academy of Water Resources Conservation Forest of Qilian Mountains, Gansu Province, Zhangye 734000, China | 2005 | Science China Earth Sciences2005，48，4： | 25 |
| 10 | Nitrate Accumulation in Soil Profile of Dry Land Farming in Northwest China显示文摘A long-term fertilizer experiment on dry land of the Loess Plateau, northwest China, has been conducted since 1984 to study the distribution and accumulation of NO3-N down to a depth of 400 cm in the profile of a coarse-textured dark loessial soil after continuous winter wheat cropping. Thirteen fertilizer treatments consisted of four levels of N and P applied alone or in combination. Annual N and P (P2O5) rates were 0,45, 90, 135 and 180 kg ha-1. After 15 successive cropping cycles, the soil samples were taken from each treatment for analysis of NO3-N concentration. The results showed that NO3-N distribution in the soil profile was quite different among the treatments. The application of fertilizer N alone resulted in higher NO3-N concentration in the soil profile than the combined application of N and P, showing that application of P could greatly reduce the NO3-N accumulation. With an annual application of 180 kg N ha-1 alone, a peak in NO3-N accumulation occurred at 140 cm soil depth, and the maximum NO3-N concentration in the soils was 67.92 mg kg-1. The amount of NO3-N accumulated in the soil profile decreased as the cumulative N uptake by the winter wheat increased. Application of a large amount of N resulted in lower N recoveries in winter wheat and greater NO3-N accumulation in soil profile. NO3-N did not enter underground water in the study region; therefore, there is no danger of underground water pollution. Amount of NO3-N accumulation can be predicted by an equation according to annual N and P rates based on the results of this experiment. | FAN Jun, HAO Ming-De and SHAO Ming-AnState Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yangling 712100 (China). | 2003 | Pedosphere2003，13，4： | 25 |
| 11 | Changes in cropland topsoil organic carbon with different fertilizations under long-term agro-ecosystem experiments across China's Mainland显示文摘Topsoil soil organic carbon(SOC) data were collected from long-term Chinese agro-ecosystem experiments presented in 76 reports with measurements over 1977 and 2006.The data set comprised 481 observations(135 rice paddies and 346 dry croplands) of SOC under different fertilization schemes at 70 experimental sites(28 rice paddies and 42 dry croplands).The data set covered 16 dominant soil types found in croplands across 23 provinces of China's Mainland.The fertilization schemes were grouped into six categories:N(inorganic nitrogen fertilizer only),NP(compound inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers),NPK(compound inorganic nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizers),O(organic fertilizers only),OF(combined inorganic/organic fertilization) and Others(other unbalanced fertilizations such as P only,K only,P plus K and N plus K).Relative change in SOC content was analyzed,and rice paddies and dry croplands soils were compared.There was an overall temporal increase in topsoil SOC content,and relative annual change(RAC,g kg-1 yr-1) ranged -0.14-0.60(0.13 on average) for dry cropland soils and -0.12-0.70(0.19 on average) for rice paddies.SOC content increase was higher in rice paddies than in dry croplands.SOC increased across experimental sites,but was higher under organic fertilization and combined organic/inorganic fertilizations than chemical fertilizations.SOC increase was higher under balanced chemical fertilizations with compound N,P and K fertilizers than unbalanced fertilizations such as N only,N plus P,and N plus K.The effects of specific rational fertilizations on SOC increase persisted for 15 years in dry croplands and 20 years in rice paddies,although RAC values decreased generally as the experiment duration increased.Therefore,the extension of rational fertilization in China's croplands may offer a technical option to enhance C sequestration potential and to sustain long-term crop productivity. | WANG ChengJi1,PAN GenXing1*,TIAN YouGuo2,LI LianQing1,ZHANG XuHui1 & HAN XiaoJun1 1Institute of Resources,Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China 2Center of Soil and Fertilizer Quality Monitoring and Test,Agricultural Ministry of China,Beijing 100026,China | 2010 | Science China(Life Sciences)2010，53，7： | 24 |
| 12 | Estimate of Methane Emission from Rice Paddy Fieldsin Taihn Region, China显示文摘EstimateofMethaneEmissionfromRicePaddyFieldsinTaihnRegion,ChinaCAIZU-CONG;XUHUA;ZHANGHAN-HUI;andJINJI-SHENG(InstituteofSoilSc... | CAI ZU-CONG XU HUA ZHANG HAN-HUI and JIN JI-SHENG(Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 821, Nanjing 210008 ( China)Agricultural Extension Station of Wuxian County, Suzhou 215007 (China)) | 1994 | Pedosphere1994，4，4： | 22 |
| 13 | Monitoring the concentration of N_2O in the Fildes Peninsula, maritime Antarctica显示文摘Gases in the marine boundary layer in Fildes Peninsula, maritime Antarctica were sampled and analyzed for the first time. Sampling sites included areas covered by moss and lichen growth, penguin colonies and an area where scientific research stations are located. A total of 211 samples were analyzed for N2O concentrations, with an average of (321.33±3.07) nL/L. This is above the global average value of 314 nL/L. It is found that the N2O concentrations evidently increase during the summer months. Concentrations around the research stations are higher than at remote areas, indicating a potential source from human activities on the island. N2O concentrations at a large penguin colony on Barton Peninsula are the highest among the sampled areas. This may explain why N2O concentrations in Fildes Peninsula are higher than the global average. Our preliminary conclusions are that human activities and emissions from penguin dropping-amended soil and vegetation soil constitute the major sources of N2O in the | SUN Liguang, XIE Zhouqing, ZHAO Junlin, XING Guangxi, SHI Shulian & Du LijuanInstitute of Polar Environment, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China Institute of Environmental Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China Laboratory of Material Cycling in Pedosphere, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 2 10008, China | 2000 | Chinese Science Bulletin2000，45，21： | 21 |
| 14 | Exchange Reaction Between Selenite and Hydroxyl Ion of Variable Charge Soil Surfaces: I. Electrolyte Species and pH Effects显示文摘Hydroxyl release of red soil and latosol surfaces was quantitatively measured using a self-made constantpH automated titration instrument, to study the changes of hydroxyl release with different added seleniteamounts and pH levels, and to study the effects of electrolytes on hydroxyl release. Hydroxyl release increasedwith the selenite concentration, with a rapid increase at a low selenite concentration while slowing down ata high concentration. The pH where maximum of hydroxyl release appeared was not constant, shifting toa lower valus with increasing selenite concentration. Hydroxyl release decreased with increasing electrolyteconcentration, and the decrease was very rapid at a low electrolyte concentration but slow at a high electrolyteconcentration. For NaC1O4, NaC1 and Na2SO4, hydroxyl release was in the order of NaClO4 > NaCl >Na2SO4, and the difference was very significant. But for NaCl, KCl and CaCl2, the order of hydroxyl releasewas NaCl > KCl > CaCl2, and the difference was smaller. The amount of hydroxyl release from Xuwenlatosol was greater than that from Jinxian red soil. Hydroxyl release existed in a wider range of pH withXuwen latosol than with Jinxian red soil, due to their difference in soil properties. However, both soils hadsimilar curves of hydroxyl release, indicating the common characteristics of variable charge soils. | ZHOU SHIWEI, ZHANG GANGYA and ZHANG XIAONIANInstitute of Soil Science, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008 (China) | 2003 | Pedosphere2003，13，3： | 20 |
| 15 | Commelina communis L.: Copper Hyperaccumulator Found in Anhui Province of China显示文摘Commelina communis L. growing over some new copper mining wastelands at Bijiashan, Tongling City of Anhui Province, China, was found to be a copper hyperaccumulator. Its copper concentrations were 2707-6159 (4439±2434) mg kg-1, 369-831 (731±142) mg kg-1, and 429-587 (547±57) mg kg-1, respectively, in the roots, stems, and leaves. The soils supporting the growth of the species had a copper concentration ranging from 4620 to 5020 mg kg-1 and averaging 4835±262 mg kg-1, suggesting that the species could not only grow on heavily copper-contaminated soils but also accumulate extraordinarily high concentration of copper. Thus, it shows great potential in the phytoremediation of copper-contaminated soils,the restoration of mined land, geochemical prospecting, and the study of environmental pollution changes. | TANG SHIRONG HUANG CHANGYONG and ZHU ZUXIANG (Department of Soil Science, College of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resources, Zhejiang Agricultural University, Hangzhou 310029 China) | 1997 | Pedosphere1997，7，3： | 18 |
| 16 | Environmental Issues Related to Chemical Fertilizer Use in China显示文摘EnvironmentalIssuesRelatedtoChemicalFertilizerUseinChinaCAOZHIHONG(LMCP,InstituteofSoilScience,AcademiaSinica,P.O.Box821,Nanj... | CAO ZHIHONG (LMCP, Institute of Soil Science, Academia Sinica, P. O. Box 821, Nanjing 210008 China) | 1996 | Pedosphere1996，6，4： | 17 |
| 17 | NUMERICAL MODELING FOR COUPLED THERMO-HYDRO-MECHANICAL AND CHEMICAL PROCESSES (THMC) OF GEOLOGICAL MEDIA——INTERNATIONAL AND CHINESE EXPERIENCES显示文摘The coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical and chemical (THMC) processes of stress/deformation,fluid flow,temperature and geochemical reactions of the geological media,namely fractured rocks and soils,play an important role in design,construction,operation and environmental impact assessments of rock and soil engineering works such as underground nuclear waste repositories,oil/gas production and storage,geothermal energy extraction,landslides and slope stability,hydropower and water conservancy complexes,etc. This paper presents an overview of the international and Chinese experiences in numerical modeling of the coupled THMC processes for both the state-of-the-knowledge,remaining challenges and possible future prospects. | Jing Lanru,Feng Xiating (Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics,The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071 China) | 2003 | 岩石力学与工程学报2003，22，10： | 17 |
| 18 | Dynamic calculation model and seismic response for frame supporting structure with prestressed anchors显示文摘A dynamic calculation model of frame supporting structures with prestressed anchors for the slope stability is proposed. The frame and soil are closely contacted in the role of prestressed anchors and they cannot be separated along the whole slope. The lateral displacement of frame and soil is nearly in phase. The movement characteristic satisfies the theory of elastic foundation beam. The frame is treated with elastic foundation beam in this model. The influence of prestressed anchors is simplified as linear spring and damped system related with velocity. Under the condition of horizontal earthquake excitation, the equation of vibration response is established by using the model of dynamic Winkler beam and the analytical solutions are obtained for simple harmonic vibration. This method is applied to a case record for illustration of its capability, in order to verify the method, 3D nonlinear FEM (ADINA) is used to analyze the seismic performance of this case, the comparative results show that the design and the analysis are safe and credible by using the proposed method. The calculation model provides a new way for earthquake analysis and seismic design of slope stability supported by frame structure with prestressed anchors. | DONG JianHua1’2, ZHU YanPeng1, ZHOU Yong1 & MA Wei2 1 College of Civil Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China 2 State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China | 2010 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2010，53，7： | 16 |
| 19 | Quantitative Relationship Between Land Use and Phosphorus Discharge in Subtropical Hilly Regions of China显示文摘The increase of phosphorus concentration is a crucial factor causing the eutrophication of water body,while land use has an important impact on agricultural non-point sources (NPS) phosphorus discharge. Sevensites controlling the water in four sub-watersheds and the main exit of the Meicun Watershed of XuanchengCounty, Anhui Province, were investigated by dynamic monitoring of stream water and nutrient discharge,integrating interpretation of aerial image and GIS analysis to find out how the land use affects phosphorusloss with stream water in typical agriculture-forest watershed in subtropical China. These monitored sitesare different in structure of land use. Phosphorus concentration of the stream water was analyzed everyweek and at the next day of rainfall. The velocity of flow was measured by kinemometer to calculatethe runoff flux and phosphorus discharge. The results showed that the runoff flux and the discharges ofdissolved phosphorus (DP), particle-associated phosphorus (PAP) and total phosphorus (TP) had significantexponential relationships with the area percentages of forest, pond and paddy field. There existed a significantlinear relationship between the TP and PAP concentrations in stream water and the area percentages of forest,pond and paddy field, and the discharge of PAP was also significantly linearly correlated with the dischargeof suspended soil particles. There was a logarithmic linear relationship between DP and PAP discharges. Thestudy indicated that the adjustment of land use patterns and construction of ecologically sound landscapewould be an important measure to reduce the runoff discharge of phosphorus. The results would be veryuseful in building the best management practices (BMPs) of agricultural watershed in subtropics. | YANG JINLING and ZHANG GANLINInstitute of Soil Science, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008 (China) | 2003 | Pedosphere2003，13，1： | 16 |
| 20 | SOTER-Based Soil Water Erosion Simulation in Hainan Island显示文摘The actual and potential water erosion rates of soils with different land covers in Hainan Island, China,were estimated based on the universal soil loss equation (USLE) and a 1:200 000 Soils and Terrain Digital Database (SOTER) database, from which soil water erosion factors could be extracted. 92.8% of the whole island had a current erosion rate of lower than 500 t km-2 a-1. Soil erosion risk was considered to be high because of its abundant rainfall. Without vegetation cover, the potential soil erosion rate would be extremely high and 90.8% of the island would have a soil erosion rate higher than 2 500 t km-2 a-1. Relative erosion vulnerability of different soil zones, landform types, and lithological regions of the island was compared by introducing a relative erosion hazard parameter α. Cambosols developed from siltstone and mudstone in low hill regions were pinpointed as soils with the highest erosion risk in the island. | ZHAO YUGUO, ZHANG GANLIN and GONG ZITONGInstitute of Soil Science, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008 (China) | 2003 | Pedosphere2003，13，2： | 16 |
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