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| 1 | 帕博利珠单抗单用或与放疗联用治疗转移性非小细胞肺癌:两个随机试验的汇总分析显示文摘背景放疗可以提高整个机体对免疫治疗的应答。在Ⅱ期PEMBRO-RT研究和Ⅰ/Ⅱ期MDACC研究中,患有转移性非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的患者被随机分配入组,接受免疫治疗(帕博利珠单抗)+放疗联合疗法,或免疫治疗单一疗法。当上述2个研究单独分析时,联合疗法组显示出潜在获益。由于每个研究的样本量较小,缓解率和结局并未显示出统计学意义,然而却有显著的临床获益。因此,本研究进行汇总分析,来判断放疗是否会改善转移性NSCLC患者的免疫治疗应答。方法PEMBRO-RT和MDACC研究纳入标准:患者年龄≥18岁,患有转移性NSCLC,且有≥1处未经放疗照射的病灶,以便进行射野外应答监测。PEMBRO-RT研究纳入曾接受过化疗患者,MDACC研究纳入曾接受过治疗或新诊断患者。2个研究中的患者均未接受过免疫治疗。在PEMBRO-RT研究中患者被等比例随机分配入组,并根据吸烟状态进行分层(分为<10年组和≥10年组)。MDACC研究的患者根据放疗计划可行性被等比例随机分配入2个受试组。由于联合治疗组的干预本质,每个研究中的放疗均不适用盲法。在2个研究中,不论是否进行放疗,均静脉滴入帕博利珠单抗(每3周200 mg)。在PEMBRO-RT研究中,在放疗(24 Gy 3次分割照射)结束后1周给予第1剂帕博利珠单抗。在MDACC研究中,在第1次放疗(50 Gy 4次分割照射或45 Gy 15次分割照射)同时给予帕博利珠单抗。仅检测未经照射病灶的应答。本研究的终点为最佳射野外(远隔)应答率(ARR)、最佳射野外疾病控制率(ACR)、12周时ARR、12周时ACR、无进展生存期(PFS)和总生存期(OS)。2个研究的意向治疗(ITT)人群均纳入分析。PEMBRO-RT研究(NCT02492568)和MDACC研究(NCT02444741)均在ClinicalTrials.gov上注册。发现纳入148例患者,76例接受帕博利珠单抗治疗,72例接受帕博利珠单抗+放疗治疗。所有患者随访时间中位数为33个月[四分位距(IQR):32.4~33.6]。148例患者中124例(84%)组织学特征为非鳞癌,111例(75%)患者曾经接受过化疗。组间没有基线特征差异,包括PD-L1表达状态和转移灶体积。最常见的照射部位为肺转移灶(39%,28/72)、胸腔内淋巴结(21%,15/72)和非原发灶(17%,12/72)。帕博利珠单抗组和联合治疗组的最佳ARR分别为19.7%(15/76)和41.7%(30/72),OR=2.96,95%CI:1.42~6.20,P=0.0039;最佳ACR分别为43.4%(33/76)和65.3%(47/72),OR=2.51,95%CI:1.28~4.91,P=0.0071;PFS中位数分别为4.4(IQR:2.9~5.9)和9.0个月(IQR:6.8~11.2),HR=0.67,95%CI:0.45~0.99,P=0.045;OS中位数分别为8.7(IQR:6.4~11.0)和19.2个月(IQR:14.6~23.8),OR=0.67,95%CI:0.54~0.84,P=0.0004。在汇总分析中没有发现新的安全问题。解读帕博利珠单抗免疫疗法+放疗显著提高转移性NSCLC患者的应答和改善治疗结局。这些结果需要在三期临床试验中进行验证。 | 陈大卫(翻译) 于金明(校对) Willemijn S M E Theelen Vivek Verma Brian P Hobbs Heike M U Peulen Joachim G J V Aerts Idris Bahce Anna Larissa N Niemeijer Joe Y Chang Patricia M de Groot Quynh-Nhu Nguyen Nathan I Comeaux George R Simon Ferdinandos Skoulidis Steven H Lin Kewen He Roshal Patel John Heymach Paul Baas James W Welsh | 2021 | 中华肿瘤防治杂志2021，28，24： | 49 |
| 2 | Non-invasive means of measuring hepatic fat content显示文摘Hepatic steatosis affects 20% to 30% of the general adult population in the western world. Currently, the technique of choice for determining hepatic fat deposition and the stage of fibrosis is liver biopsy. However, it is an invasive procedure and its use is limited, particularly in children. It may also be subject to sampling error. Non-invasive techniques such as ultrasound, computerised tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS) can detect hepatic steatosis, but currently cannot distinguish between simple steatosis and steatohepatitis, or stage the degree of fibrosis accurately. Ultrasound is widely used to detect hepatic steatosis, but its sensitivity is reduced in the morbidly obese and also in those with small amounts of fatty infiltration. It has been used to grade hepatic fat content, but this is subjective. CT can detect hepatic steatosis, but exposes subjects to ionising radiation, thus limiting its use in longitudinal studies and in children. Recently, magnetic resonance (MR) techniques using chemical shift imaging have provided a quantitative assessment of the degree of hepatic fatty infiltration, which correlates well with liver biopsy results in the same patients. Similarly, in vivo 1H MRS is a fast, safe, non-invasive method forthe quantification of intrahepatocellular lipid (IHCL) levels. Both techniques will be useful tools in future longitudinal clinical studies, either in examining the natural history of conditions causing hepatic steatosis (e.g. non-alcoholic fatty liver disease), or in testing new treatments for these conditions. | Sanjeev R Mehta E Louise Thomas Jimmy D Bell Desmond G Johnston Simon D Taylor-Robinson | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，22： | 21 |
| 3 | 使用cDNA微阵列和组织微阵列对三种上皮性卵巢肿瘤基因表达的分析显示文摘背景与目的卵巢癌是在妇科恶性肿瘤中死亡率最高的肿瘤,主要原因是由于缺乏有效的早期诊断方法。为了发现新的、特异性癌基因和进一步探索上皮性卵巢癌的临床意义,本文探索出一种新方法,通过结合cDNA微阵列和RNA原位杂交冰冻组织微阵列的方法寻找特异性卵巢癌基因。方法利用cDNA微阵列筛选在3种不同卵巢癌中(卵巢浆液性交界性肿瘤、卵巢浆液性腺癌和卵巢子宫内膜样腺癌)显示有意义表达的基因,并由RNA原位杂交冰冻组织微阵列证实其结果。结果40个基因和ESTs显示出在卵巢浆液性交界性肿瘤、浆液性和子宫内膜样卵巢癌3种类型之间基因表达有明显的差异;EPHB6、PTPRF、GFER、ERG25、PLRP1,FLJ22060和WISP2被进一步用于RNA原位杂交冰冻组织微阵列研究,其结果与cDNA微阵列研究结果相符合。结论cDNA微阵列和RNA原位杂交冰冻组织微阵列相结合是一种理想的寻找癌相关基因的方法,EPHB6,PTPRF,GFER,ERG25,PLRP1,FLJ22060和WISP2有可能成为新的上皮性卵巢癌候选基因。 | 郑敏 Simon R Kononen J Sauter G Mihatsch MJ Moch H | 2004 | 癌症2004，23，7： | 8 |
| 4 | Pancreatitis: Preventing catastrophic haemorrhage显示文摘Pancreatitis represents nearly 3% of acute admissions to general surgery in United Kingdom hospitals and has a mortality of around 1%-7% which increases to around 10%-18% in patients with severe pancreatitis. Patients at greatest risk were those identified to have infected pancreatic necrosis and/or organ failure. This review seeks to highlight the potential vascular complications associated with pancreatitis that despite being relatively uncommon are associated with mortality in the region of 34%-52%. We examine the current evidence base to determine the most appropriate method by which to image and treat pseudo-aneurysms that arise as the result of acute and chronic inflammation of pancreas. We identify how early recognition of the presence of a pseudo-aneurysm can facilitate expedited care in an expert centre of a complex pathology that may require angiographic, percutaneous, endoscopic or surgical intervention to prevent catastrophic haemorrhage. | Richard PT Evans Moustafa Mabrouk Mourad Gunraj Pall Simon G Fisher Simon R Bramhall | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，30： | 6 |
| 5 | A comprehensive characterization of pancreatic ductal carcinoma cell lines: towards the establishment of an in vitro research platform显示文摘 | Bence Sipos Simone M?ser Holger Kalthoff Virag T?r?k Matthias L?hr Günter Kl?ppel | 2003 | Virchows Archiv2003，，5： | 4 |
| 6 | Anisotropic Gaussian Schell-model beams: passage through optical systems and associated invariants显示文摘 | Simon R Sudarshan E C G Mukunda N | 1985 | Phys Rev A1985，46，4： | 2 |
| 7 | The biological impact of mass-spectrometry-based proteomics 显示文摘 | Cravatt B F Simon G M Yates J R 3rd | 2007 | Nature2007，450，7172： | 1 |
| 8 | Mayo clinic Scottsdale experience with laparoscopic nephron sparing surgery for renal tumors 显示文摘 | Simon S D Ferrigni R G Novicki D E | 2003 | J Urol2003，169，6： | 1 |
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| 10 | Symmetry-based re- sistance as a novel means of lower limb rehabilitation 显示文摘 | Simon A M Brent G R Ferris D P | 2007 | Journal of Biomechanics2007，40，6： | 1 |
| 11 | Partially coherent beams and a generalized ABCD-law显示文摘 | Simon R Mukunda N Sudarshan E C G | 1988 | Opt Commum1988，65，： | 1 |
| 12 | Insufficient control of blood pressureand incident diabetes显示文摘 | Izzo R Simone G Chinali M | 2009 | Diabetes Care2009，32，5： | 1 |
| 13 | Water absorption and states of water in smicrystalline poly (vinyl alcohol ) films 显示文摘 | Hodge R M Edward G H Simon G P | 1996 | Polymer1996，37，： | 1 |
| 14 | Enhancement of influenza A viruses resistant to amantadine and rimantadine显示文摘 | Hayden F G Douglas R G Simons R | 1980 | Curr Top Microbiol Immunol1980，18，： | 1 |
| 15 | Biologicalcontrol of seedling blight of wheat caused by Fusarium graminearum with beneficial rhizosphere microorganisms显示文摘 | Dal Bello G M Monaco C I Simon M R | 2002 | World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology2002，18，7： | 1 |
| 16 | Nuclear excisionrepair-based personalized therapy for non-small cell lungcancer: Fromhypothesis to reality显示文摘 | Simon GR Ismai-lKhan R Bepler G | 2007 | Int J Biochem CellBiol2007，39，78： | 1 |
| 17 | Disruptive technology roadmaps显示文摘 | Kostoff R N Boylan R Simons G R | 2004 | Technological Forecasing & Social Change2004，71，12： | 1 |
| 18 | Endoscopic pituitary tumor surgery显示文摘 | Jankowski R Auque J Simon G | 1992 | Laryngoscope1992，102，2： | 1 |
| 19 | Three-dimensional Color Doppler Reconstruction of Intracardic Blood Flow in Patients with Different Heart Valve Disease显示文摘 | DE SIMONE R GLOMBITZA G VAHL C F | 2000 | Am J Cardiol2000，86，： | 1 |
| 20 | Feature Extraction Techniques for Ultrasonic Signal Classification显示文摘 | Simone G Morabito F Polikar R | 2002 | International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics2002，15，11： | 1 |
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