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| 1 | Evaluation and comparison of short chain fatty acids composition in gut diseases显示文摘BACKGROUND An altered (dysbiosis) and unhealthy status of the gut microbiota is usually responsible for a reduction of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) concentration. SCFAs obtained from the carbohydrate fermentation processes are crucial in maintaining gut homeostasis and their determination in stool samples could provide a faster, reliable and cheaper method to highlight the presence of an intestinal dysbiosis and a biomarker for various gut diseases. We hypothesize that different intestinal diseases, such as celiac disease (CD), adenomatous polyposis (AP) and colorectal cancer (CRC) could display a particular fecal SCFAs’ signature. AIM To compare the fecal SCFAs’ profiles of CD, AP, CRC patients and healthy controls, using the same analytical method. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, we defined and compared the SCFAs’ concentration in fecal samples of 9 AP, 16 CD, 19 CRC patients and 16 healthy controls (HC). The SCFAs’ analysis were performed using a gas-chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry method. Data analysis was carried out using Wilcoxon ranksum test to assess pairwise differences of SCFAs’ profiles, partial least squaresdiscriminate analysis (PLS-DA) to determine the status membership based on distinct SCFAs’ profiles, and Dirichlet regression to determine factors influencing concentration levels of SCFAs. RESULTS We have not observed any difference in the SCFAs’ amount and composition between CD and healthy control. On the contrary, the total amount of SCFAs was significantly lower in CRC patients compared to HC (P = 0.044) and CD (P = 0.005). Moreover, the SCFAs’ percentage composition was different in CRC and AP compared to HC. In detail, HC displayed higher percentage of acetic acid (P value = 1.3 × 10-6) and a lower amount of butyric (P value = 0.02192), isobutyric (P value = 7.4 × 10-5), isovaleric (P value = 0.00012) and valeric (P value = 0.00014) acids compared to CRC patients. AP showed a lower abundance of acetic acid (P value = 0.00062) and higher percentages of propionic (P value = 0.00433) and isovaleric (P value = 0.00433) acids compared to HC. Moreover, AP showed higher levels of propionic acid (P value = 0.03251) and a lower level of isobutyric acid (P value = 0.00427) in comparison to CRC. The PLS-DA model demonstrated a significant separation of CRC and AP groups from HC, although some degree of overlap was observed between CRC and AP. CONCLUSION Analysis of fecal SCFAs shows the potential to provide a non-invasive means of diagnosis to detect patients with CRC and AP, while CD patients cannot be discriminated from healthy subjects. | Elena Niccolai Simone Baldi Federica Ricci Edda Russo Giulia Nannini Marta Menicatti Giovanni Poli Antonio Taddei Gianluca Bartolucci Antonino Salvatore Calabrò Francesco Claudio Stingo Amedeo Amedei | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，36： | 4 |
| 2 | A Software-in-the-Loop Implementation of Adaptive Formation Control for Fixed-Wing UAVs显示文摘This paper discusses the design and software-in-theloop implementation of adaptive formation controllers for fixedwing unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs) with parametric uncertainty in their structure, namely uncertain mass and inertia. In fact, when aiming at autonomous flight, such parameters cannot assumed to be known as they might vary during the mission(e.g.depending on the payload). Modeling and autopilot design for such autonomous fixed-wing UAVs are presented. The modeling is implemented in Matlab, while the autopilot is based on ArduPilot, a popular open-source autopilot suite. Specifically, the ArduP ilot functionalities are emulated in Matlab according to the Ardupilot documentation and code, which allows us to perform software-in-the-loop simulations of teams of UAVs embedded with actual autopilot protocols. An overview of realtime path planning, trajectory tracking and formation control resulting from the proposed platform is given. The software-inthe-loop simulations show the capability of achieving different UAV formations while handling uncertain mass and inertia. | Jun Yang Ximan Wang Simone Baldi Satish Singh Stefano Fari | 2019 | IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica2019，6，5： | 3 |
| 3 | Microbiota shaping — the effects of probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplant on cognitive functions: A systematic review显示文摘BACKGROUND Dementia is a chronic progressive neurological disease affecting millions of people worldwide,and represents a relevant economic burden for healthcare systems.Although its pathogenesis is still unknown,recent findings have reported that a dysregulated gut-brain axis communication,a fundamental relationship mediated by several host and microbial molecules,is associated with cognitive disorders.In addition,gut microbiota manipulation reduces neuroinflammation,improving cognitive function by restoring the functional gut-brain axis.AIM To better define the effects of probiotics,prebiotics,synbiotics,and fecal microbiota transplant(FMT)on cognitive function.METHODS We performed a literature search of human randomized clinical trials to examine the effects of the administration of probiotics,prebiotics,synbiotics,or FMT on cognition outcomes in healthy or sick people of every age,sex,and nationality.We systematically searched Embase,Medline/PubMed,Cochrane Library,central and clinicaltrials.gov databases with a combination of comprehensive terms related to cognition and gut microbiota manipulation.Then we carefully reviewed and synthesized the data by type of study design and setting,characteristics of the studied population,kind of intervention(strain type or mixture type,dosage,and frequency of administration),control treatment,inclusion and exclusion criteria,follow-up duration,and cognitive or memory outcomes.RESULTS After examining the titles and abstracts,the initial literature screening identified 995 articles,but we added 23 papers in our systematic review.The analyses of these selected studies highlighted that both probiotic supplementation and FMT improved cognitive function regardless of the type and posology of administration and the adopted cognitive tests and questionnaires.We found that most of the studies conducted in healthy people showed a significant positive effect of the intervention on at least one of the performed cognitive tests.Regarding unhealthy subjects,while FMT and especially probiotic administration had multiple beneficial effects on different cognitive functions,supplementation with prebiotics did not provide any cognitive improvement.CONCLUSION Probiotic supplementation and FMT may represent a promising strategy to restore gut eubiosis and enhance the cognitive functions of healthy people and patients with neurological disorders. | Simone Baldi Tiziana Mundula Giulia Nannini Amedeo Amedei | 2021 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2021，27，39： | 2 |
| 4 | Effect of ancient Khorasan wheat on gut microbiota,inflammation,and short-chain fatty acid production in patients with fibromyalgia显示文摘BACKGROUND Fibromyalgia(FM)syndrome is mainly characterized by widespread pain,sleeping disorders,fatigue,and cognitive dysfunction.In many cases,gastrointestinal distress is also reported,suggesting the potential pathogenic role of the gut microbiota(GM).The GM is deeply influenced by several environmental factors,especially the diet,and recent findings highlighted significant symptom improvement in FM patients following various nutritional interventions such as vegetarian diet,low-fermentable oligosaccharides,disaccharides,monosaccharides,and polyols based diets,gluten-free diet,and especially an ancient grain supplementation.In particular,a recent study reported that a replacement diet with ancient Khorasan wheat led to an overall improvement in symptom severity of FM patients.AIM To examine the effects of ancient Khorasan wheat on the GM,inflammation,and short-chain fatty acid production in FM patients.METHODS After a 2-wk run-in period,20 FM patients were enrolled in this randomized,double-blind crossover trial.In detail,they were assigned to consume either Khorasan or control wheat products for 8 wk and then,following an 8-wk washout period,crossed.Before and after treatments,GM characterization was performed by 16S rRNA sequencing while the fecal molecular inflammatory response and the short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)were respectively determined with the Luminex MAGPIX detection system and a mass chromatography-mass spectrometry method.RESULTS The Khorasan wheat replacement diet,in comparison with the control wheat diet,had more positive effects on intestinal microbiota composition and on both the fecal immune and SCFAs profiles such as the significant increase of butyric acid levels(P=0.054),candidatus Saccharibacteria(P=9.95e-06)and Actinobacteria,and the reduction of Enterococcaceae(P=4.97e-04).Moreover,the improvement of various FM symptoms along with the variation of some gut bacteria after the Khorasan wheat diet have been documented;in fact we reported positive correlations between Actinobacteria and both Tiredness Symptoms Scale(P<0.001)and Functional Outcome of Sleep Questionnaire(P<0.05)scores,between Verrucomicrobiae and both Widespread Pain Index(WPI)+Symptom Severity scale(SS)(P<0.05)and WPI(P<0.05)scores,between candidatus Saccharibacteria and SS score(P<0.05),and between Bacteroidales and Sleep-Related and Safety Behaviour Questionnaire score(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The replacement diet based on ancient Khorasan wheat results in beneficial GM compositional and functional modifications that positively correlate with an improvement of FM symptomatology. | Simone Baldi Giuditta Pagliai Monica Dinu Leandro Di Gloria Giulia Nannini Lavinia Curini Marco Pallecchi Edda Russo Elena Niccolai Giovanna Danza Stefano Benedettelli Giovanna Ballerini Barbara Colombini Gianluca Bartolucci Matteo Ramazzotti Francesco Sofi Amedeo Amedei | 2022 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2022，28，18： | 1 |
| 5 | Robustifying Dynamic Positioning of Crane Vessels for Heavy Lifting Operation显示文摘Construction crane vessels make use of dynamic positioning(DP)systems during the installation and removal of offshore structures to maintain the vessel’s position.Studies have reported cases of instability of DP systems during offshore operation caused by uncertainties,such as mooring forces.DP'robustification'for heavy lift operations,i.e.,handling such uncertainties systematically and with stability guarantees,is a long-standing challenge in DP design.A new DP method,composed by an observer and a controller,is proposed to address this challenge,with stability guarantees in the presence of uncertainties.We test the proposed method on an integrated cranevessel simulation environment,where the integration of several subsystems(winch dynamics,crane forces,thruster dynamics,fuel injection system etc.)allow a realistic validation under a wide set of uncertainties. | Jun Ye Spandan Roy Milinko Godjevac Vasso Reppa Simone Baldi | 2021 | IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica2021，8，4： | 0 |
| 6 | Effects of viremia and CD4 recovery on gut“microbiome-immunity”axis in treatment-na?ve HIV-1-infected patients undergoing antiretroviral therapy显示文摘BACKGROUND Human immunodeficiency virus type 1(HIV-1)infection is characterized by persistent systemic inflammation and immune activation,even in patients receiving effective antiretroviral therapy(ART).Converging data from many cross-sectional studies suggest that gut microbiota(GM)changes can occur throughout including human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)infection,treated by ART;however,the results are contrasting.For the first time,we compared the fecal microbial composition,serum and fecal microbial metabolites,and serum cytokine profile of treatment-na?ve patients before starting ART and after reaching virological suppression,after 24 wk of ART therapy.In addition,we compared the microbiota composition,microbial metabolites,and cytokine profile of patients with CD4/CD8 ratio<1(immunological non-responders[INRs])and CD4/CD8>1(immunological responders[IRs]),after 24 wk of ART therapy.AIM To compare for the first time the fecal microbial composition,serum and fecal microbial metabolites,and serum cytokine profile of treatment-na?ve patients before starting ART and after reaching virological suppression(HIV RNA<50 copies/m L)after 24 wk of ART.METHODS We enrolled 12 treatment-na?ve HIV-infected patients receiving ART(mainly based on integrase inhibitors).Fecal microbiota composition was assessed through next generation sequencing.In addition,a comprehensive analysis of a blood broad-spectrum cytokine panel was performed through a multiplex approach.At the same time,serum free fatty acid(FFA)and fecal short chain fatty acid levels were obtained through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.RESULTS We first compared microbiota signatures,FFA levels,and cytokine profile before starting ART and after reaching virological suppression.Modest alterations were observed in microbiota composition,in particular in the viral suppression condition,we detected an increase of Ruminococcus and Succinivibrio and a decrease of Intestinibacter.Moreover,in the same condition,we also observed augmented levels of serum propionic and butyric acids.Contemporarily,a reduction of serum IP-10 and an increase of IL-8 levels were detected in the viral suppression condition.In addition,the same components were compared between IRs and INRs.Concerning the microflora population,we detected a reduction of Faecalibacterium and an increase of Alistipes in INRs.Simultaneously,fecal isobutyric,isovaleric,and 2-methylbutyric acids were also increased in INRs.CONCLUSION Our results provided an additional perspective about the impact of HIV infection,ART,and immune recovery on the'microbiome-immunity axis'at the metabolism level.These factors can act as indicators of the active processes occurring in the gastrointestinal tract.Individuals with HIV-1 infection,before ART and after reaching virological suppression with 24 wk of ART,displayed a microbiota with unchanged overall bacterial diversity;moreover,their systemic inflammatory status seems not to be completely restored.In addition,we confirmed the role of the GM metabolites in immune reconstitution. | Edda Russo Giulia Nannini Gaetana Sterrantino Seble Tekle Kiros Vincenzo Di Pilato Marco Coppi Simone Baldi Elena Niccolai Federica Ricci Matteo Ramazzotti Marco Pallecchi Filippo Lagi Gian Maria Rossolini Alessandro Bartoloni Gianluca Bartolucci Amedeo Amedei | 2022 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2022，28，6： | 0 |
| 7 | Distributed Adaptive Resource Allocation:An Uncertain Saddle-Point Dynamics Viewpoint显示文摘This paper addresses distributed adaptive optimal resource allocation problems over weight-balanced digraphs.By leveraging state-of-the-art adaptive coupling designs for multiagent systems,two adaptive algorithms are proposed,namely a directed-spanning-tree-based algorithm and a node-based algorithm.The benefits of these algorithms are that they require neither sufficiently small or unitary step sizes,nor global knowledge of Laplacian eigenvalues,which are widely required in the literature.It is shown that both algorithms belong to a class of uncertain saddle-point dynamics,which can be tackled by repeatedly adopting the Peter-Paul inequality in the framework of Lyapunov theory.Thanks to this new viewpoint,global asymptotic convergence of both algorithms can be proven in a unified way.The effectiveness of the proposed algorithms is validated through numerical simulations and case studies in IEEE 30-bus and 118-bus power systems. | Dongdong Yue Simone Baldi Jinde Cao Qi Li Bart De Schutter | 2023 | IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica2023，10，12： | 0 |
| 8 | Molecular methods for colorectal cancer screening:Progress with next-generation sequencing evolution显示文摘Currently,colorectal cancer(CRC)represents the third most common malignancy and the second most deadly cancer worldwide,with a higher incidence in developed countries.Like other solid tumors,CRC is a heterogeneous genomic disease in which various alterations,such as point mutations,genomic rearrangements,gene fusions or chromosomal copy number alterations,can contribute to the disease development.However,because of its orderly natural history,easily accessible onset location and high lifetime incidence,CRC is ideally suited for preventive intervention,but the many screening efforts of the last decades have been compromised by performance limitations and low penetrance of the standard screening tools.The advent of next-generation sequencing(NGS)has both facilitated the identification of previously unrecognized CRC features such as its relationship with gut microbial pathogens and revolutionized the speed and throughput of cataloguing CRC-related genomic alterations.Hence,in this review,we summarized the several diagnostic tools used for CRC screening in the past and the present,focusing on recent NGS approaches and their revolutionary role in the identification of novel genomic CRC characteristics,the advancement of understanding the CRC carcinogenesis and the screening of clinically actionable targets for personalized medicine. | Salma Abbes Simone Baldi Hayet Sellami Amedeo Amedei Leila Keskes | 2023 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology2023，15，3： | 0 |
| 9 | Fecal metabolomic profiles: A comparative study of patients with colorectal cancer vs adenomatous polyps显示文摘BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC),the third most common cause of death in both males and females worldwide,shows a positive response to therapy and usually a better prognosis when detected at an early stage.However,the survival rate declines when the diagnosis is late and the tumor spreads to other organs.Currently,the measures widely used in the clinic are fecal occult blood test and evaluation of serum tumor markers,but the lack of sensitivity and specificity of these markers restricts their use for CRC diagnosis.Due to its high sensitivity and precision,colonoscopy is currently the gold-standard screening technique for CRC,but it is a costly and invasive procedure.Therefore,the implementation of custom-made methodologies including those with minimal invasiveness,protection,and reproducibility is highly desirable.With regard to other screening methods,the screening of fecal samples has several benefits,and metabolomics is a successful method to classify the metabolite shift in living systems as a reaction to pathophysiological influences,genetic modifications,and environmental factors.AIM To characterize the variation groups and potentially recognize some diagnostic markers,we compared with healthy controls(HCs)the fecal nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)metabolomic profiles of patients with CRC or adenomatous polyposis(AP).METHODS Proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used in combination with multivariate and univariate statistical approaches,to define the fecal metabolic profiles of 32 CRC patients,16 AP patients,and 38 HCs well matched in age,sex,and body mass index.RESULTS NMR metabolomic analyses revealed that fecal sample profiles differed among CRC patients,AP patients,and HCs,and some discriminatory metabolites including acetate,butyrate,propionate,3-hydroxyphenylacetic acid,valine,tyrosine and leucine were identified.CONCLUSION In conclusion,we are confident that our data can be a forerunner for future studies on CRC management,especially the diagnosis and evaluation of the effectiveness of treatments. | Giulia Nannini Gaia Meoni Leonardo Tenori Maria Novella Ringressi Antonio Taddei Elena Niccolai Simone Baldi Edda Russo Claudio Luchinat Amedeo Amedei | 2021 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2021，27，38： | 0 |
| 10 | A recursive least squares algorithm with l_(1) regularization for sparse representation显示文摘Sparse representation aims to identify a few basic elements in a signal, so as to use a combination of such elements to reconstruct the original signal. The l_(1)-norm has been widely applied in sparse representation, either when processing batches of data offline, or online as in adaptive filtering [1–3]. | Di LIU Simone BALDI Quan LIU Wenwu YU | 2023 | Science China(Information Sciences)2023，66，2： | 0 |
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