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| 1 | Strategies to improve fiber utilization in swine显示文摘Application of feed processing methods and use of exogenous feed additives in an effort to improve nutrient digestibility of plant-based feed ingredients for swine has been studied for decades. The following review will discuss several of these topics, including: fiber characterization, impact of dietary fiber on gastrointestinal physiology, energy, and nutrient digestibility, mechanical processing of feed on fiber and energy digestibility, and the use of exogenous enzymes in diets fed to growing pigs. Taken together, the diversity and concentration of chemical characteristics that exists among plant-based feed ingredients, as well as interactions among constituents within feed ingredients and diets, suggests that improvements in nutrient digestibility and pig performance from mechanical processing or adding exogenous enzymes to diets fed to swine depends on a better understanding of these characteristics, but also relating enzyme activity to targeted substrates. It may be that an enzyme must not only match a target substrate(s), but there may also need to be a 0 cocktail 0 of enzymes to effectively breakdown the complex matrixes of fibrous carbohydrates, such that the negative impact of these compounds on nutrient digestibility or voluntary feed intake are alleviated. With the inverse relationship between fiber content and energy digestibility being well described for several feed ingredients, it is only logical that development of processing techniques or enzymes that degrade fiber, and thereby improve energy digestibility or voluntary feed intake, will be both metabolically and economically beneficial to pork production. | Brian J Kerr Gerald C Shurson | 2013 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2013，4，2： | 3 |
| 2 | Evaluating the quality of feed fats and oils and their effects on pig growth performance显示文摘Feed fats and oils provide significant amounts of energy to swine diets, but there is large variation in composition,quality, feeding value, and price among sources. Common measures of lipid quality include moisture, insolubles,and unsaponifiables(MIU), titer, and free fatty acid content, but provide limited information regarding their feeding value. Lipid peroxidation is an important quality factor related to animal growth performance and health, but maximum tolerable limits in various lipids have not been established. Several indicative assays can be used to detect the presence of various peroxidation compounds, but due to the complexity and numerous compounds produced and degraded during peroxidation process, no single method can adequately determine the extent of peroxidation. Until further information is available, using a combination of peroxide value, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances(TBARS), and anisidine value appear to provide a reasonable assessment of the extent of peroxidation in a lipid at a reasonable cost. However, fatty acid composition of the lipid being evaluated should be considered when selecting specific assays. Predictive tests can also be used to estimate the stability or susceptibility of lipids to peroxidation and include active oxygen method, oil stability index, and oxygen bomb method. A review of 16 published studies with pigs has shown an average decrease of 11.4% in growth rate, 8.8% feed intake fed isocaloric diets containing peroxidized lipids compared to diets containing unperoxidized lipids of the same source.Furthermore, serum vitamin E content was generally reduced and serum TBARS content was increased when peroxidized lipids were fed in these studies, suggesting that feeding peroxidized lipids negatively affects metabolic oxidative status of pigs. However, it is unclear if antioxidants are useful additions to lipids to maintain optimal nutritional value, or if their addition to swine diets is beneficial in overcoming a metabolic oxidative challenge. | Gerald C Shurson Brian J Kerr Andrea R Hanson | 2016 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2016，7，3： | 3 |
| 3 | Apparent ileal amino acid digestibilities of corn distiller's dried grains with solubles product from new ethanol plants in Minnesota and south Dakota显示文摘 | Whimey M Spiehs M Shurson G | 2000 | Journal of Animal Science2000，，： | 1 |
| 4 | Manipulating diets may re-duce hydrogen sullfide emissions显示文摘 | Shurson J Whitney M Nicolai R | 1999 | Feedstuffs1999，71，： | 1 |
| 5 | Growth performance of nursery pigs fed diets containing increasing levels of corn distiller's dried grains with solubles originating from a moderns Midwestens ethanol plant显示文摘 | Whitney M Shurson G | 2004 | Journal of Animal Science2004，82，： | 1 |
| 6 | DDGS suited for swine, may help ileitis resistance 显示文摘 | Shurson J | 2003 | Feedstuffs2003，26，： | 1 |
| 7 | Physiological relationships between microbiological status and dietary copper levels in the pig显示文摘 | | 1990 | J Anim Sci1990，68，： | 1 |
| 8 | Evaluation of corn distillers dried grains with solubles and a polyclonal antibody on growth performance and the ability of pigs to resist an infection from Salmonella Typhimurium显示文摘 | Spiehs M Shurson G Johnston L | | 0，，02： | 1 |
| 9 | Effect of nipple drinker water flow rate and season on performance of lactating swine显示文摘 | Leibbrandt V D ohnston L J Shurson G C | 2001 | Journal of animal science2001，79，11： | 1 |
| 10 | Nutrient database for distiller's dried grains with solubles produced from new ethanol plants in Minnesota and South Dakota显示文摘 | Spiehs M J Whitney M H Shurson G C | | 0，，10： | 1 |
| 11 | Nutrient database for distiller's dried grains with solubles produced from new ethanol plants in Minnesota and South Dakota显示文摘 | Spiehs M J Whitney M H Shurson G C | 2002 | Journal of animal science2002，80，： | 1 |
| 12 | Apparent ileal amino acid digestibilities of corn distiller's dried grains with solubles product from new ethanol plants in Minnesota and South Dakota 显示文摘 | Whitney M H Spiehs M J Shurson G C | 2000 | Journal of animal science2000，，： | 1 |
| 13 | Effects of adding fat to the sow lactation diet on lactation and breeding performance 显示文摘 | Shurson G C Hogberg M G DeFever N | 1986 | J Anita Sci1986，62，： | 1 |
| 14 | Growth performance of nursery pigs fed diets containing increasing levels of corn distiller’s dried grains with solubles originating from a modern Midwestern ethanol plant显示文摘 | WHITNEY M H SHURSON G C | 2004 | Journal of Animal Science2004，82，1： | 1 |
| 15 | Growth performance and carcass characteristics of grower-finisher pigs fed high-quality corn distillers dried grains with solubles originating from a modern Midwestern ethanol plant显示文摘 | Whitney M H Shurson G C Johnston L J | | 0，，84： | 1 |
| 16 | Information management for pig profession显示文摘 | Shurson J | 1997 | Pig News and Information1997，18，2： | 1 |
| 17 | Effect of soluble and insoluble dietary fiber on embryo survival and sow performance 显示文摘 | Renteria-Flores J A Johnston L J Shurson G C | 2008 | Journal of Animal Science2008，86，： | 1 |
| 18 | Board-invited review: the use and application of distillers dried grains with solubles and in swine diets显示文摘 | Stein H H Shurson G C | 2009 | J Anim Sci2009，87，： | 1 |
| 19 | Growth performance of nursery pigs fed diets containing increasing levels of corn distiller's dried grains with solubles originating from a modern Midwestern ethanol plant显示文摘 | Whitney M H Shurson G C | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 20 | Dietary effects of dried distillers grains with solubles on performance and milk composition of lactating sows 显示文摘 | Song M Baidoo S K Shurson G C | 2010 | J Anim Sci2010，88，： | 1 |
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