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| 1 | 糖耐量低减和空腹血糖受损:定义及干预的现状显示文摘由国际糖尿病联盟 (IDF)召集的本次研讨会是为了考察有关糖耐量低减 (IGT)和空腹血糖受损 (IFG)相关的糖尿病和心血管疾病 (CVD)风险的最新文献 ,力图回答三个问题 :(1 )目前的IGT和IFG的定义是否合适 ;(2 )IFG和IGT是危险因子 (riskfactor)、危险标志 (riskmarker)还是疾病 (disease) ;(3)对 :IFG和IGT人群应该采取怎样的干预措施 (如果有的话 ) ?①引起空腹血糖 (FPG)和口服葡萄糖耐量试验(OGTT) 2h血糖 (2hPG)升高的因素并不相同 ,肝脏葡萄糖输出增加和早期胰岛素释放缺陷是前者的特点 ,而外周胰岛素抵抗是后者的显著特征。因此 ,IFG和IGT之间的一致性是有限的。迄今所有的患病率调查发现 ,只有不到一半的IFG人群有IGT ,更少的IGT人群 (2 0 %~ 30 % )有IFG。②大多数的人群研究表明 ,IGT的患病率远高于IFG ,二者的临床表现和性别分布也有差异。IFG在男性更为常见 ,IGT在女性稍微增多。IFG的患病率倾向在中年达到高峰 ,而IGT的患病率逐渐增加直到老龄。③IFG和IGT都与发生糖尿病的风险显著增加有关 ,而最大的风险在于同时具有IFG和IGT的人群。由于在多数人群IGT比IFG更常见 ,所以对于筛查糖尿病高危人群 ,IGT的敏感性较高 (特异性稍差 )。在多数人群 ,60 %的糖尿病人大约 5年前已有IGT或IFG ,另外 | Unwin N Shaw J Zimmet P Alberti KGMM 金文胜 潘长玉 | 2003 | 中华内分泌代谢杂志2003，19，1： | 92 |
| 2 | Efficacy and safety of tenofovir in chronic hepatitis B: Australian real world experience显示文摘AIM To evaluate the long-term treatment outcomes of tenofovir therapy in patients in a real world Australian tertiary care setting.METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis of treatment outcomes among treatment-na?ve and treatment-experienced patients receiving a minimum 3 mo tenofovir therapy through St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Australia. We included patients receiving tenofovir [tenofovir disoproxil fumarate(TDF)] monotherapy, as well as patients treated with TDF in combination with a second antiviral agent. Patients were excluded if they demonstrated human immune-deficiency virus/hepatitis C virus/hepatitis delta virus coinfection or were less than 18 years of age. We considered virological and biochemicalresponse, as well as safety outcomes. Virological response was determined by measurement of hepatitis B virus(HBV) DNA using sensitive assays; biochemical response was determined via serum liver function tests; histological response was determined from liver biopsy and fibroscan; safety analysis focused on glomerular renal function and bone mineral density. The primary efficacy endpoint was complete virological suppression over time, defined by HBV DNA < 20 IU/m L. Secondary efficacy endpoints included rates of biochemical response, and HB e antigen(HBe Ag)/HB surface antigen loss and seroconversion over time.RESULTS Ninety-two patients were identified who fulfilled the enrolment criteria. Median follow-up was 26 mo(range 3-114). Mean age was 46(24-78) years, 64(70%) were male and 77(84%) were of Asian origin. 55(60%) patients were treatment-na?ve and 62 patients(67%) were HBe Ag-negative. Complete virological suppression was achieved by 45/65(71%) patients at 12 mo, 37/46(80%) at 24 mo and 25/28(89%) at 36 mo. Partial virological response(HBV DNA 20-2000 IU/m L) was achieved by 89/92(96.7%) of patients. Multivariate analysis showed a significant relationship between virological suppression at end of follow-up and baseline HBV DNA level(OR = 0.897, 95%CI: 0.833-0.967, P = 0.0046) and HBe Ag positive status(OR = 0.373, 95%CI: 0.183-0.762, P = 0.0069). There was no difference in response comparing treatment-na?ve and treatment-experienced patients. Three episodes of virological breakthrough occurred in the setting of noncompliance. Tenofovir therapy was well tolerated.CONCLUSION Tenofovir is an efficacious, safe and well-tolerated treatment in an Australian real-world tertiary care setting. Our data are similar to the reported experience from registration trials. | Grace C Lovett Tin Nguyen David M Iser Jacinta A Holmes Robert Chen Barbara Demediuk Gideon Shaw Sally J Bell Paul V Desmond Alexander J Thompson | 2017 | World Journal of Hepatology2017，9，1： | 7 |
| 3 | Hypothetical model of dynamic biomarkers of the Alzheimer’s pathological cascade显示文摘 | Clifford R Jack David S Knopman William J Jagust Leslie M Shaw Paul S Aisen Michael W Weiner Ronald C Petersen John Q Trojanowski | 2010 | Lancet Neurology2010，，1： | 4 |
| 4 | Meeting report:a hard look at the state of enamel research显示文摘The Encouraging Novel Amelogenesis Models and Ex vivo cell Lines(ENAMEL) Development workshop was held on 23 June 2017 at the Bethesda headquarters of the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research(NIDCR). Discussion topics included model organisms, stem cells/cell lines, and tissues/3 D cell culture/organoids. Scientists from a number of disciplines,representing institutions from across the United States, gathered to discuss advances in our understanding of enamel, as well as future directions for the field. | ophir d klein olivier duverger wendy shaw rodrigo s lacruz derk joester janet moradian-oldak megan k pugach j timothy wright sarah e millar ashok b kulkarni john d bartlett thomas gh diekwisch pamela den besten james p simmer | 2017 | International Journal of Oral Science2017，9，4： | 3 |
| 5 | Bovine immunoglobulin protein isolates for the nutritional management of enteropathy显示文摘The gastrointestinal tract is responsible for a multitude of digestive and immune functions which depend upon the balanced interaction of the intestinal microbiota, diet, gut barrier function, and mucosal immune response. Disruptions in one or more of these factors can lead to intestinal disorders or enteropathies which are characterized by intestinal inflammation, increased gut permeability, and reduced capacity to absorb nutrients. Enteropathy is frequently associated with human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) infection, inflammatory bowel disease, autoimmune enteropathy, radiation enteritis, and irritable bowel syndrome(IBS), where pathologic changes in the intestinal tract lead to abdominal discomfort, bloating, abnormal bowel function(e.g., diarrhea, urgency, constipation and malabsorption). Unfortunately, effective therapies for the management ofenteropathy and restoring intestinal health are still not available. An accumulating body of preclinical studies has demonstrated that oral administration of plasmaor serum-derived protein concentrates containing high levels of immunoglobulins can improve weight, normalize gut barrier function, and reduce the severity of enteropathy in animal models. Recent studies in humans, using serum-derived bovine immunoglobulin/protein isolate, demonstrate that such protein preparations are safe and improve symptoms, nutritional status, and various biomarkers associated with enteropathy. Benefits have been shown in patients with HIV infection or diarrhea-predominant IBS. This review summarizes preclinical and clinical studies with plasma/serum protein concentrates and describes the effects on host nutrition, intestinal function, and markers of intestinal inflammation. It supports the concept that immunoglobulin-containing protein preparations may offer a new strategy for restoring functional homeostasis in the intestinal tract of patients with enteropathy. | Bryon W Petschow Anthony T Blikslager Eric M Weaver Joy M Campbell Javier Polo Audrey L Shaw Bruce P Burnett Gerald L Klein J Marc Rhoads | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，33： | 2 |
| 6 | 相对于男性,女性进行冠状动脉造影产生的额外的心血管病风险与严重受损的冠状动脉血流储备,而非阻塞性疾病相关显示文摘与男性相比,女性的心血管病死亡率更高,但是阻塞性冠状动脉疾病(coronary artery disease,CAD)在女性中不太普遍。冠状动脉血流储备(coronary flow reserve,CFR)是大、小血管CAD和心肌缺血的综合测量指标,可识别出具有心血管病死亡风险的患者,但其在临床实践中不是常规测量的指标。该研究试图调查性别、CFR和血管造影CAD严重程度对不良心血管事件的影响。 | 刘莉 叶鹏 Taqueti VR Shaw LJ Cook NR Murthy VL Shah NR Foster CR Hainer J Blankstein R Dorbala S Di Carli MF | 2016 | 中华高血压杂志2016，24，11： | 2 |
| 7 | Microstructure characterization of a polymer/metal mechanical alloy显示文摘 | W J D Shaw H J Danilkewich | 1997 | Microstructure Science1997，25，： | 2 |
| 8 | Collusion-secure fingerprinting for digital data显示文摘 | BONEH D SHAW J | 1998 | IEEE Trans Inform Theory1998，44，5： | 1 |
| 9 | Applications of chalcogenide glass optical fibers 显示文摘 | SANGHERA J S SHAW L B AGGARWAL I D | 2002 | C R Chimie2002，5，： | 1 |
| 10 | Ovary and ovulation:fresh and cryopreserved ovarian tissue samples from donors with lymphoma transmit the cancer to graft recipients显示文摘 | Shaw JM Bowles J Keopman P | 1996 | Hum Reprod1996，11，8： | 1 |
| 11 | Recent progress in short-range ultraviolet communication显示文摘 | SHAW A G SIEGEL M A MODEL J | 2005 | Proc SPIE2005，5796，： | 1 |
| 12 | Effects of Fashion Magazines on Body Dissatisfaction and Eating Psychopathology in Adolescent and Adult Fe males 显示文摘 | Shaw J | 1995 | European Eating Disorders Review1995，3，1： | 1 |
| 13 | Global and societal implications of the diabetes epidemic显示文摘 | Zimmet P Alberti KG Shaw J | 2001 | Nature2001，414，6865： | 1 |
| 14 | Beneficial associations of physical activity with 2-h but not fasting blood glucose in Australian adults:the AusDiab study显示文摘 | Healy G Dunstan D Shaw J | 2006 | Diabetes Care2006，29，： | 1 |
| 15 | Numerical simulation to relate the shot peening parameters to the induced residual stresses显示文摘 | HONG T OOI J Y SHAW B | 2008 | Engineering Failure Analysis2008，，15： | 1 |
| 16 | Predic- tors of laryngeal complications in patients implanted with the Cyberonics vagal nerve stimulator显示文摘 | SHAW G Y SECHTEM P SEARL J | 2006 | Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol2006，115，： | 1 |
| 17 | Liraglutide,a once-daily human GLP-1 analogue,added to a sulphonylurea over 26 weeks produces greater improvements in glycaemic and weight control compared with adding rosiglitazone or placebo in subjects with Type 2 diabetes(LEAD-1 SU)显示文摘 | Marre M Shaw J Brandle M | 2009 | Diabiet Med2009，26，3： | 1 |
| 18 | Induction of Fuzzy Decision Trees 显示文摘 | Yuan Y Shaw M J | 1995 | Fuzzy Sets and Systems1995，69，2： | 1 |
| 19 | Synthesis of fatty acid esters by recombinant staphylococcus epdermidis lipases in aqueous environment 显示文摘 | CHANG R C CHOU S J SHAW J F | 2001 | J Agric Food Chem2001，49，5： | 1 |
| 20 | Role of seed bank substrates in the revegetation of fly ash and gypsum in the Uuited Kingdom显示文摘 | SHAW P J A | 1996 | Restoration Ecology1996，，4： | 1 |
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