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| 1 | Significant relationship between spring AO and the summer rainfall along the Yangtze River显示文摘The influence of spring AO on the summer rainfall along the Yangtze River is investigated. The long-term rainfall observations are filtered to remove the low-frequency variations longer than 10 years. The inter-annual components show a high correlation to AO in the last hundred years. The strongest correlation appears for May AO and summer rainfall with a value of -0.39, significant above the 99% confidence level. Associated with one standard deviation stronger May AO index, the rainfall over the Yangtze River to the southern Japan decreases by about 3%-9%, while, at the same time increases by about 3%-6% in the northern China and far-eastern Russia. The coherent changes in rainfall are significantly related to the East Asian summer jet stream in the upper troposphere. When there is stronger AO in spring, the jet stream tends to move polarward in summer, and leads the rainfall-belt to move northward too. That gives rise to a drier condition in the Yangtze River valley, wetter anomalies in northern China. | GONG Daoyi ZHU Jinhong WANG Shaowu | 2002 | Chinese Science Bulletin2002，47，11： | 22 |
| 2 | Reconstruction of temperature series of China for the last 1000 years显示文摘This paper reports a study on reconstructing temperature series for ten regions of China over the last 1000 years with a time resolution of 10 a. The regions concerned are: Northeast, North, East, South China, Taiwan, Central, Southwest, Northwest China, Xinjiang and Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. A variety of proxy data, such as ice core, tree-rings, stalagmites, peat, lake sediments, pollen and historical records, were validated with instrumental observations made in the last 120 years, and applied in the recon- struction of the temperature series. A temperature series for whole China is then established by aver- aging the ten regional series with a weighting proportional to the area of each region. Finally, tem- perature variations for the last 1000 years are examined, with special focus placed on the characteris- tics of the Medieval Warm Period (MWP), the Little Ice Age (LIA), and Modern Warming (MW). | WANG ShaoWu WEN XinYu LUO Yong DONG WenJie ZHAO ZongCi YANG Bao | 2007 | Chinese Science Bulletin2007，52，23： | 22 |
| 3 | Impacts of ENSO on rainfall of global land and China显示文摘Based on the analysis of X^2 test of global land rainfall time series, it is found that the mean global land annual rainfall reduce significantly when El Nio events occur, and increase evidently in La Nia years. The impacts of ENSO on the winter and autumn precipitation over eastern China are also notable. Usually, the rainfall of winter and autumn over southern China increases, and that over northern China decreases in El Nio years. The effects of ENSO on summer rainfall are not so significant as on autumn and winter rainfall in China. The summer precipitation of area to the north of the Yellow River often decreases in El Nio years. No evident relationship is found between ENSO and spring rainfall in China. | Daoyi Gong Shaowu Wang | 1999 | Chinese Science Bulletin1999，44，9： | 21 |
| 4 | Antarctic oscillation: concept and applications显示文摘Based on the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data set, empirical orthogonal function analysis and correlation analysis have been carried out. Antarctic oscillation index (AOI) is defined as the difference between the zonal-mean monthly sea level pressure departures of 40°S and 65°S. Regional surface temperature and precipitation over the extratropical Southern Hemisphere have a close relationship with AOI. | Daoyi Gong Shaowu Wang | 1998 | Chinese Science Bulletin1998，43，9： | 15 |
| 5 | Design of PID controller with incomplete derivation based on differential evolution algorithm显示文摘To determine the optimal or near optimal parameters of PID controller with incomplete derivation, a novel design method based on differential evolution (DE) algorithm is presented. The controller is called DE-PID controller. To overcome the disadvantages of the integral performance criteria in the frequency domain such as IAE, ISE, and ITSE, a new performance criterion in the time domain is proposed. The optimization procedures employing the DE algorithm to search the optimal or near optimal PID controller parameters of a control system are demonstrated in detail. Three typical control systems are chosen to test and evaluate the adaptation and robustness of the proposed DE-PID controller. The simulation results show that the proposed approach has superior features of easy implementation, stable convergence characteristic, and good computational effciency. Compared with the ZN, GA, and ASA, the proposed design method is indeed more effcient and robust in improving the step response of a control system. | Wu Lianghong Wang Yaonan Zhou Shaowu Tan Wen | 2008 | Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics2008，19，3： | 14 |
| 6 | The relationship between the thermohaline circulation and climate variability显示文摘The long-term integration with the Global Ocean-Atmosphere-Land System model of the State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics (LASG), Institute of Atmospheric Physics(IAP), Chinese Academy of Sciences has been used in the investigations on the relationship between the thermohaline circulation and climate variability. The results show that the strength of the North Atlantic Thermohaline circulation (THC) is negatively correlated with the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). Based on this kind of relationship, and also the instrument-measured climate record such as air pressure and sea surface temperature, the activity of the thermohaline circulation during the 20th century has been evaluated. The inferred variations of the strength of the THC is that, during two multi-decadal periods of 1867-1903 and 1934-1972, the THC is estimated to have been running stronger, whereas during the two periods of 1904-1933 and 1973-1994, it appears to have been weaker. | ZHOU Tianjun ZHANG Xuehong WANG Shaowu | 2000 | Chinese Science Bulletin2000，45，11： | 13 |
| 7 | Self-adapting control parameters modifieddifferential evolution for trajectoryplanning of manipulators显示文摘Control parameters of original differential evolution(DE)are kept fixed throughout the entire evolutionary process.However,it is not an easy task to properly set control parameters in DE for different optimization problems. According to the relative position of two different individual vectors selected to generate a difference vector in the searching place,a self-adapting strategy for the scale factor F of the difference vector is proposed.In terms of the convergence status of the target vector in the current population,a self-adapting crossover probability constant CR strategy is proposed. Therefore,good target vectors have a lower CR while worse target vectors have a large CR.At the same time,the mutation operator is modified to improve the convergence speed.The performance of these proposed approaches are studied with the use of some benchmark problems and applied to the trajectory planning of a three-joint redundant manipulator.Finally, the experiment results show that the proposed approaches can greatly improve robustness and convergence speed. | Lianghong WU Yaonan WANG Shaowu ZHOU | 2007 | 控制理论与应用(英文版)2007，5，4： | 12 |
| 8 | Paleoclimate Modeling in China: A Review显示文摘This paper provides a review of paleoclimate modeling activities in China. Rather than attempt to cover all topics, we have chosen a few climatic intervals and events judged to be particularly informative to the international community. In historical climate simulations, changes in solar radiation and volcanic activity explain most parts of reconstructions over the last millennium prior to the industrial era, while atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations play the most important role in the20 th century warming over China. There is a considerable model–data mismatch in the annual and boreal winter temperature change over China during the mid-Holocene [6000 years before present(ka BP)], while coupled models with an interactive ocean generally perform better than atmospheric models. For the Last Glacial Maximum(21 ka BP), climate models successfully reproduce the surface cooling trend over China but fail to reproduce its magnitude, with a better performance for coupled models. At that time, reconstructed vegetation and western Pacific sea surface temperatures could have significantly affected the East Asian climate, and environmental conditions on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau were most likely very different to the present day. During the late Marine Isotope Stage 3(30–40 ka BP), orbital forcing and Northern Hemisphere glaciation, as well as vegetation change in China, were likely responsible for East Asian climate change. On the tectonic scale,the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau uplift, the Tethys Sea retreat, and the South China Sea expansion played important roles in the formation of the East Asian monsoon-dominant environment pattern during the late Cenozoic. | JIANG Dabang YU Ge ZHAO Ping CHEN Xing LIU Jian LIU Xiaodong WANG Shaowu ZHANG Zhongshi YU Yongqiang LI Yuefeng JIN Liya XU Ying JU Lixia ZHOU Tianjun YAN Xiaodong | 2015 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2015，32，2： | 12 |
| 9 | A Resistant Quantum Key Exchange Protocol and Its Corresponding Encryption Scheme显示文摘The emergence of quantum computer will threaten the security of existing public-key cryptosystems,including the Diffie Hellman key exchange protocol,encryption scheme and etc,and it makes the study of resistant quantum cryptography very urgent.This motivate us to design a new key exchange protocol and encryption scheme in this paper.Firstly,some acknowledged mathematical problems was introduced,such as ergodic matrix problem and tensor decomposition problem,the two problems have been proved to NPC hard.From the computational complexity prospective,NPC problems have been considered that there is no polynomial-time quantum algorithm to solve them.From the algebraic structures prospective,non-commutative cryptography has been considered to resist quantum.The matrix and tensor operator we adopted also satisfied with this non-commutative algebraic structures,so they can be used as candidate problems for resisting quantum from perspective of computational complexity theory and algebraic structures.Secondly,a new problem was constructed based on the introduced problems in this paper,then a key exchange protocol and a public key encryption scheme were proposed based on it.Finally the security analysis,efficiency,recommended parameters,performance evaluation and etc.were also been given.The two schemes has the following characteristics,provable security,security bits can be scalable,to achieve high efficiency,quantum resistance,and etc. | MAO Shaowu ZHANG Huanguo WU Wanqing LIU Jinhui LI Shuanbao Wang Houzhen | 2014 | China Communications2014，11，9： | 11 |
| 10 | Convolutional neural networks for expert recommendation in community question answering显示文摘Community Question Answering(CQA) is becoming an increasingly important web service for people to search for expertise and to share their own. With lots of questions being solved, CQA have built a massive, freely accessible knowledge repository, which can provide valuable information for the broader society rather than just satisfy the question askers. It is critically important for CQA services to get high quality answers in order to maximize the benefit of this process. However, people are considered as experts only in their own specialized areas. This paper is concerned with the problem of expert recommendation for a newly posed question, which will reduce the questioner's waiting time and improve the quality of the answer, so as to improve the satisfaction of the whole community. We propose an approach based on convolutional neural networks(CNN) to resolve this issue. Experimental analysis over a large real-world dataset from Stack Overflow demonstrates that our approach achieves a significant improvement over several baseline methods. | Jian WANG Jiqing SUN Hongfei LIN Hualei DONG Shaowu ZHANG | 2017 | Science China(Information Sciences)2017，60，11： | 11 |
| 11 | Evidence and modeling study of droughts in China during 4―2 ka BP显示文摘Four periods with predominated droughts are identified in 4―2 ka BP according to documentary data, namely 3.6―3.5, 3.1―3.0, 2.8―2.7, and 2.45―2.35 ka BP. Palaeo-environmental data indicated that droughts were predominated in 4―2 ka BP in the south of Northeast China, Inner-Mongolia, east of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, and South China. Modeling study shows that precession may be responsible for the occurrence of droughts in 4―2 ka BP, integrating the GCM with forcing of insolation. | WANG ShaoWu HUANG JianBin WEN XinYu ZHU JinHong | 2008 | Chinese Science Bulletin2008，53，14： | 10 |
| 12 | Hydrogen sulfide (H_(2)S) signaling in plant development and stress responses显示文摘Hydrogen sulfide(H_(2)S)was initially recognized as a toxic gas and its biological functions in mammalian cells have been gradually discovered during the past decades.In the latest decade,numerous studies have revealed that H_(2)S has versatile functions in plants as well.In this review,we summarize H_(2)Smediated sulfur metabolic pathways,as well as the progress in the recognition of its biological functions in plant growth and development,particularly its physiological functions in biotic and abiotic stress responses.Besides direct chemical reactions,nitric oxide(NO)and hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O2)have complex relationships with H_(2)S in plant signaling,both of which mediate protein post-translational modification(PTM)to attack the cysteine residues.We also discuss recent progress in the research on the three types of PTMs and their biological functions in plants.Finally,we propose the relevant issues that need to be addressed in the future research. | Hai Liu Jicheng Wang Jianhao Liu Tong Liu Shaowu Xue | 2021 | aBIOTECH2021，2，1： | 10 |
| 13 | Debating about the climate warming显示文摘关于温暖的气候辩论被考察。讨论为曼等做的最后千年集中于温度重建的有效性。争论对并且为重建被介绍。由另外的作者的温度重建被检验,包括王等执行的那。在 1996。它被结束那:(1 ) 复制时间的温度可变性的能力放大不到 10 一是有限的因此没有足够的证据证明 1990 年代是最温暖的十年,并且 1998 是在最后千年上的最温暖的年。(2 ) 所有在温度变化的低频率乐队由不同作者的温度重建表明 MWP (中世纪的温暖的时期) 和 LIA (很少冰川期) 的 occurence,尽管在 MWP 的山峰和在 LIA 的马槽从一重建变化到其它。因此, MWP 和 LIA 的学期能在气候变化的研究被使用。(3 ) 从 1975 ~ 2000 温暖是重要的,但是我们不知道它是否为最后 millenium 是最强壮的,它需要被更多的证据证明。 | WANG Shaowu LUO Yong ZHAO Zongci DONG Wenje YANG Bao | 2006 | Progress in Natural Science:Materials International2006，16，1： | 10 |
| 14 | A new dynamic pushback control method for reducing fuel-burn costs: Using predicted taxi-out time显示文摘Long departure-taxi-out time leads to significant airport surface congestion, fuel-burn costs, and excessive emissions of greenhouse gases. To reduce these undesirable effects, a Predicted taxi-out time-based Dynamic Pushback Control(PDPC) method is proposed. The implementation of this method requires two steps: first, the taxi-out times for aircraft are predicted by the leastsquares support-vector regression approach of which the parameters are optimized by an introduced improved Firefly algorithm. Then, a dynamic pushback control model equipped with a linear gate-hold penalty function is built, along with a proposed iterative taxiway queue-threshold optimization algorithm for solving the model. A case study with data obtained from Beijing International airport(PEK) is presented. The taxi-out time prediction model achieves predictive accuracy within 3 min and 5 min by 84.71% and 95.66%, respectively. The results of the proposed pushback method show that total operation cost and fuel-burn cost achieve a 14.0% and 21.1%reduction, respectively, as compared to the traditional K-control policy.(3) From the perspective of implementation, using PDPC policy can significantly reduce the queue length in taxiway and taxi-out time. The total operation cost and fuel-burn cost can be curtailed by 37.2% and 52.1%,respectively, as compared to the non-enforcement of any pushback control mechanism. These results show that the proposed pushback control model can reduce fuel-burn costs and airport surface congestion effectively. | Guan LIAN Yaping ZHANG Zhiwei XING Qian LUO Shaowu CHENG | 2019 | Chinese Journal of Aeronautics2019，32，3： | 10 |
| 15 | El Nino and anti-El Nino events in 1854-1987显示文摘-Using the COADS data set of sea surface temperature in the Equatorial Eastern Pacific, thirty one El Nino events and twenty four anti -El Nino events were identified for the period from 1854 to 1987. The results were compared with those of the other authors. The El Nino events (or anti -El Nino events ) are classified into two groups according to the timing of occrrence of the events: one starts at the first half of a year, another begins at the second half of a year. Both 1982-1983 and 1986-1987 events fall into the second group, which are characterized by the eastward migration of the positive anomaly of the sea surface temperature and the significant increasing of the anomaly in September or October. | Zang Hengfan and Wang Shaowu National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center, State Oceanic Administration (SOA) , Beijing, China Department of Geophysics, Peking University, Beijing, China | 1990 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica1990，9，3： | 9 |
| 16 | Hydrogen Sulfide Activates S-Type Anion Channel via OST1 and Ca^2+ Modules显示文摘Dear Editor, Hydrogen sulfide (H2S),a colorless gas with a foul odor,has been known for hundreds of years as a toxic environmental pollutant.Recently,H2S has been recognized as the third gasotransmitter after nitric oxide and carbon monoxide,with similar biological functions.The endogenous production of H2S and its physiological functions have been initially revealed in mammalian systems,which are mediated by various molecular targets including different ion channels and signaling proteins.Similarly,H2S can be produced enzymatically in plants.H2S has been reported to have multiple functions in alleviating abiotic stresses such as improving plant tolerance to drought,salt,and heat.It has also been shown to improve plant resistance to heavy metal stresses. | Lei Wang Renjing Wan Yunhao Shi Shaowu Xue | 2016 | Molecular Plant2016，9，3： | 9 |
| 17 | A multi-aircraft conflict detection and resolution method for 4-dimensional trajectory-based operation显示文摘Conflict Detection and Resolution(CD&R) is the key to ensure aviation safety based on Trajectory Prediction(TP). Uncertainties that affect aircraft motions cause difficulty in an accurate prediction of the trajectory, especially in the context of four-dimensional(4D) Trajectory-Based Operation(4DTBO), which brings the uncertainty of pilot intent. This study draws on the idea of time geography, and turns the research focus of CD&R from TP to an analysis of the aircraft reachable space constrained by 4D waypoint constraints. The concepts of space–time reachability of aircraft and space–time potential conflict space are proposed. A novel pre-CD&R scheme for multiple aircraft is established. A key advantage of the scheme is that the uncertainty of pilot intent is accounted for via a Space-Time Prism(STP) for aircraft. Conflict detection is performed by verifying whether the STPs of aircraft intersect or not, and conflict resolution is performed by planning a conflict-free space–time trajectory avoiding intersection. Numerical examples are presented to validate the efficiency of the proposed scheme. | Siqi HAO Shaowu CHENG Yaping ZHANG | 2018 | Chinese Journal of Aeronautics2018，31，7： | 8 |
| 18 | Late Paleozoic reefs and their significance for tectonics and oil-gas exploration in the Hinggan-Inner Mongolia area显示文摘Many reefs of the Late Paleozoic have been discovered recently in the Hinggan-Inner Mongolia area.These reefs clearly are geographically extensive,and possess distinctive features and well-developed reef-facies.They have been found to contain five reef-building communities and were constructed in four periods.Colonial coral-algal reefs at Aohan and Chifeng represent a warm shallow-sea in the Carboniferous.Different reefs in the Xiwu Banner were formed in three periods:early Late Carboniferous,late Late Carboniferous and Early Permian.These reefs were built in warm sea conditions.Their buildup types include colonial coral frameworks,algae-buildings and lime-mud mounds.Bryozoan reefs in the Zhalaite and Dongwu banners were built in the late Middle Permian and thrived in a cold shallow-sea.All reefs grew independently on two kinds of sedimentary platforms,carbonate and carbonate-clastic mixed platforms.Four reef-forming periods occurred later from south to north,along a collisional course between the North China Plate and the Siberian Plate.These reefs can be arranged into three 'reef-links' or reef zones that extend along plate margins.Among these,the Aohan-Chifeng reef-link indicates a northern margin of the North China Plate,the Zhalaite-Dongwu reef-link marks a southern margin of the Siberian Plate,and the Xiwu-Beishan reef-link reflects the former existence of some inter-plates.The strata of each reef-facies are thick and contain rich asphalt deposits.Overlapping and heteropic layers are very thick and contain dark oil/gas-rich horizons;TOC analyses verify that most of these are good hydrocarbon source rocks.This study shows that the study area is an excellent candidate for oil-gas exploration. | TIAN ShuGang ZHANG YongSheng WANG JunTao NIU ShaoWu | 2011 | Science China Earth Sciences2011，54，2： | 8 |
| 19 | Magnetic resonance imaging with three-dimensional fast imaging employing steady-state acquisition with phase-cycled and short T1 inversion recovery pulse sequence for evaluating brachial plexus injury显示文摘There is a large amount of fat in the postganglionic segment of the brachial plexus nerve.The use of short T1 inversion recovery pulse sequence may improve signal strength of the brachial plexus postganglionic segment.The present study revealed that the combination of three-dimensional fast imaging employing steady-state acquisition with phase-cycled and short T1 inversion recovery pulse sequence clearly displayed the anatomical morphology and structure of the brachial plexus nerve,together with maximum intensity projection,volume rendering and other three-dimensional reconstruction techniques.Our results suggested that this method is also suitable for providing accurate assessment and diagnosis of the site,severity and scope of brachial plexus injury. | Dianxiu Ning Meiyu Sun Bo Sun Li Zhao Weisheng Zhang Lijun Wang Shaowu Wang Ailian Liu Jianlin Wu Zhijin Lang Di Ning Guanfu Liu Xiaochen Ji Xiufeng Wang | 2011 | Neural Regeneration Research2011，6，14： | 7 |
| 20 | Abrupt Climate Changes of Holocene显示文摘This paper is a review of studies of abrupt climate changes(ACCs) during the Holocene published during the past ten years.North Atlantic cold events are indicators of ACCs.As indicated by North Atlantic ice-rafted debris(IRD),there were nine confirmed cold events during the Holocene,occurring at 11.1 kyr,10.3 kyr,9.4 kyr,8.1 kyr,5.9 kyr,4.2 kyr,2.8 kyr,1.4 kyr,and 0.4 kyr respectively according to most representative results from Bond et al.(1997).However,the identification of chronology has been made with some uncertainties.Considerable climatic proxy data have shown that,during the cold events,substantial climate abnormalities have occurred widely across the globe,particularly in the areas surrounding the North Atlantic.These abnormalities were in the form of high-latitude cold in the both hemispheres,expansion of the Westerlies to low latitudes,drought in the monsoon regions,recession of summer monsoons,and intensification of the winter monsoons.Studies have indicated that the four ACCs occurring in the early Holocene may be related to freshwater pulses from ice melting in the northern part of the North Atlantic,and the other five ACCs that occurred during the middle and late Holocene may be related to the decreased solar activity. | WANG Shaowu GE Quansheng WANG Fang WEN Xinyu HUANG Jianbin | 2013 | Chinese Geographical Science2013，23，1： | 6 |
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