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| 1 | 中国和拉美国家经贸发展的机遇和瓶颈显示文摘近年来,中拉经贸合作快速发展。2007年中拉贸易总额历史性地突破1000亿美元,是10年前的10多倍。中拉电信、基础设施建设、能矿、科技等领域投资合作不断取得新进展。但是,在中拉贸易迅速增长过程中,中国进出口产品结构存在明显的地区和行业差异,我国出口增长的势头引起了中南美一些企业的担忧,从而促使其政府对我出口产品采取以反倾销为主的多种贸易救济措施,中拉贸易摩擦问题日益凸显,已经成为双方贸易发展的瓶颈制约。加强沟通,消除贸易摩擦,实现中拉贸易双赢的局面是目前双方急需解决的问题。 | 法南德( Fernandez,Saul Rick | 2009 | 经济师2009，，3： | 21 |
| 2 | Marked elevation of B-type natriuretic peptide in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction显示文摘Marked elevations of B-type natriuretic peptide(BNP)are not generally seen in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction(HFpEF).The objective of this study was to examine the clinical and laboratory characteristics of a large cohort of patients with HFpEF and markedly elevated BNP.A retrospective examination of 421inpatients at a university hospital admitted with a diagnosis of HFpEF was performed.Clinical and echocardiographic data in 4 groups of patients with levels of BNP≤100 pg/mL,100-400 pg/mL,400-1,000 pg/mL and>1,000 pg/mL were compared.Patients with HFpEF and BNP>1,000 pg/mL(28%of the population)were characterized by impaired renal function and greater use of anti-hypertensive medications.A subset of these patients with BNP>1,000 pg/mL had normal renal function(21%)and were significantly older,more frequently female,and tended to have lower ejection fractions.Conversely,patients with HFpEF and BNP≤100 pg/mL were younger and had preserved renal function.BNP was inversely related to the likelihood of subsequent admission for heart failure,but not to myocardial infarction or death.In conclusion:BNP>1,000 pg/mL is seen in almost 1/3 of patients hospitalized with HFpEF.This elevation of BNP often reflects impaired renal function,but can also be seen in patients with preserved renal function but relatively impaired systolic function. | Samuel Tate Andrea Griem Blythe Durbin-Johnson Clifton Watt Saul Schaefer | 2014 | The Journal of Biomedical Research2014，28，4： | 7 |
| 3 | 认知偏见与盲测:法证科学检验人员全球调查显示文摘接触不相关的背景信息,会造成法证科学证据判断受到确认偏见的影响(Kassin, Dror,&Kukucka, 2013)。但是,一些法证科学检验人员似乎认为,没有必要进行盲测。为了评估法证科学检验人员关于认知偏见的范围和性质的信念,我们调查了来自21个国家的403名有经验的检验人员。总的来看,检验人员认为他们自己的判断几乎是绝对可靠的,表现出的仅仅是对认知偏见的有限理解和认识。大多数检验人员认为,他们能免受偏见影响,或者靠意志力能够减少偏见,不到半数的人支持盲测。此外,许多检验人员表现出了偏见盲点(Pronin, Lin,&Ross, 2002),承认其他领域存在偏见,但是其自己所在的领域不存在偏见,其他检验人员存在偏见,但是他们自己不存在偏见。这些调查结果强化了程序改革的必要性,即将法证科学检验人员屏蔽于可能有偏见的信息,这一点在其他科学领域已经司空见惯。 | JeffKukucka Saul M.Kassin Patricia A.Zapf Itiel E.Dror 王进喜(译) | 2018 | 证据科学2018，26，6： | 6 |
| 4 | Coexistence of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma in a context of Hashimoto's thyroiditis显示文摘Papillary thyroid cancer(PTC)represents 80%-85%of thyroid cancer and its prevalence has been rising in the last decades.Primary thyroid lymphoma(PTL)accounts for 3%of extranodal lymphomas and about 5%of thyroid malignancies,having a prevalence of one or two cases per million people.Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue lymphoma represents approximately30%of PTL.Both entities have an indolent course and a very good prognosis.Diagnosis is made by ultrasound and fine needle aspiration(FNA)or surgery specimen pathology.They have also been associated with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis(HT),but pathogenesis and its links remains to be known.Treatment remains controversial and surgery is generally accepted in cases of disease limited to thyroid,as the present.Patients with thyroid nodules should be observed and followed.If there is an enlargement by ultrasound or clinical symptoms,FNA should be performed promptly.Patients with HT deserve additional surveillance,since this condition is associated with both PTC and PTL.In this case,the management with surgery and radioactive iodine ablation therapy was effective for both entities.Patients with thyroid nodules should be properly evaluated with ultrasound and thyroid function tests.If there is an enlargement of the neck,reported by symptoms or ultrasound,it requires further investigation.HT is associated to both PTC and PTL so if the enlargement of the nodules is on this context additional tests such as FNA should be performed.In this case,the patient was managed with surgery and radioactive iodine ablation therapy and it was effective for both entities. | Saul Levy-Blitchtein Stefany Plasencia-Rebata Domingo Morales Luna Juana del Valle Mendoza | 2016 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2016，9，8： | 5 |
| 5 | Failure of P-selectin blockade alone to protect the liver from ischemia-reperfusion injury in the isolated blood-perfused rat liver显示文摘AIM:To determine if blockade of P-selectin in the isolated blood-perfused cold ex vivo rat liver model protects the liver from ischemia-reperfusion injury. METHODS:The effect of P-selectin blockade was assessed by employing an isolated blood-perfused cold ex vivo rat liver with or without P-selectin antibody treatment before and after 6 h of cold storage in University of Wisconsin solution. RESULTS:In our isolated blood-perfused rat liver model,pre-treatment with P-selectin antibody failed to protect the liver from ischemia-reperfusion injury,as judged by the elevated aspartate aminotransferase activity. In addition,P-selectin antibody treatment did not significantly reduced hepatic polymorphonuclear leukocyte accumulation after 120 min of perfusion. Histological evaluation of liver sections obtained at 120 min of perfusion showed significant oncotic necrosis in liver sections of both ischemic control and P-selectin antibody-treated groups. However,total bile production after 120 min of perfusion was signifi cantly greater in P-selectin antibody-treated livers,compared to control livers. No signifi cant difference in P-selectin and ICAM-1 mRNAs and proteins,GSH,GSSG,and nuclear NF-κB was found between control and P-selectin antibody-treated livers. CONCLUSION:In conclusion,we have shown that blockade of P-selectin alone failed to reduced polymorphonuclear leukocyte accumulation in the liver and protect hepatocytes from ischemia-reperfusion injury in the isolated blood-perfused cold-ex vivo rat liver model. | Samuel Wyllie Neal R Barshes Saul J Karpen John A Goss | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，44： | 4 |
| 6 | 警察诱供:风险因素与防范建议显示文摘近来曝光的利用DNA证据脱罪的案件表明,人们有时会承认自己从未实施的犯罪行为。本文以警方实践、有关口供可采性的证据法、心理学基本原则以及运用多种方法论对法医鉴定展开的研究为基础,归纳了目前与警察诱供有关的研究成果。本文列举了会对口供自身、以及法官和陪审团对口供看法形成影响的因素(如年幼、智力缺陷、精神疾病或其他人格特质)、有关讯问策略(如超时讯问、出示伪造证据、使用最小化手段)以及无辜者认为清者自清的现象(如无辜者倾向于放弃自己的米兰达权利)。最后,本文强烈建议对讯问进行全程强制录音录像,并探索其他改革举措,并保护弱势嫌疑人群体。 | Saul M.Kassin Steven A.Drizin Thomas Grisso Gisli H.Gudjonsson Richard A.Leo Allison D.Redlich 刘超(译) 高原(译) | 2018 | 证据科学2018，26，6： | 3 |
| 7 | 外科医生和病理医生对胸腺恶性肿瘤切除标本的处理方法和程序显示文摘胸腺恶性肿瘤发病率低,临床病例分散,需要结合多中心经验才能进行良好的研究,但由于在诸多方面没有统一标准,使得研究与研究之间的可比性差。其中外科医生和病理医生对胸腺恶性肿瘤切除标本的处理是统一标准中至关重要的部分。针对目前胸腺瘤的常用手术方式胸骨劈开根治性R0切除术的标本处理作如下规定,包括切除胸腺瘤及周围的受累结构说明如何处理手术切除标本。活检或细胞学标本的处理另文描述[1]。本文首先由国际胸腺肿瘤协作组织(International hTymic Malignacy Interest Group, ITMIG)中病理医生和外科医生组成的小组回顾相关文献形成初步建议[2,3],交扩展组审议提炼后分发给ITMIG成员进讨论,再将ITMIG成员回馈的建议和几个大中心试点的情况进行提炼,最终形成的建议经ITMIG批准并被采用。因此,既强调证据又代表ITMIG成员的广泛共识。 | 付浩 中国胸腺瘤协作组全体成员 Frank C.Detterbeck Cesar Moran James Huang Saul Suster Garrett Walsh Lawrence Kaiser Mark Wick | 2014 | 中国肺癌杂志2014，17，2： | 3 |
| 8 | 抗人隐孢子虫特异性单克隆抗体的制备显示文摘目的研制针对人隐孢子虫的特异性单克隆抗体。方法利用人隐孢子虫(C. hominis,)超声粉碎物免疫BALB/C小鼠,取脾细胞与SP2/0细胞融合,经3~5次有限稀释克隆化,获得7株持续分泌抗体的杂交瘤细胞株,经流式细胞术检测其反应性。结果获得7株单克隆抗体分别命名为JF1~JF7,对隐孢子虫胞内和胞外的检测无差异。结论所获得的单克隆抗体为临床对人隐孢子虫的诊断提供用力工具。 | 陈心春 张泉顺 周伯平 王辉 刘艳 张路坤 Saul Tzipori 冯汉平 | 2007 | 中国热带医学2007，7，12： | 3 |
| 9 | Calcitonin gene-related peptide and traumatic brain injury显示文摘Dear editor,It is with great interest that we read the article“Relationship of calcitonin gene-related peptide with disease progression and prognosis of patients with severe traumatic brain injury”(Chen et al.,2018).In this study,the authors evaluated 121 patients who were divided into mild/moderate traumatic brain injury(TBI)(n=61),severe TBI(n=35)and control(n=25)groups,and measured serum levels of calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP)and serum endothelin-1(ET-1).They found that low levels of CGRP and high levels of ET-1 were associated with high mortality at 6 months.Identification of morphological abnormalities on CT scans is very important for evaluating patients with TBI because different diagnoses are made based on different imaging findings(Maas et al.,2005). | Saul Almeida da Silva Almir F.de Andrade Robson Luis Oliveira de Amorim Wellingson S.Paiva | 2019 | Neural Regeneration Research2019，14，4： | 3 |
| 10 | Three ways to successfully innovate your business model显示文摘 | Edward Giesen Saul J. Berman Ragna Bell Amy Blitz | 2007 | Strategy & Leadership2007，，6： | 2 |
| 11 | Effect of intensive treatment of hyperglycaemia on microvascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes: an analysis of the ACCORD randomised trial显示文摘 | Faramarz Ismail-Beigi Timothy Craven Mary Ann Banerji Jan Basile Jorge Calles Robert M Cohen Robert Cuddihy William C Cushman Saul Genuth Richard H Grimm Bruce P Hamilton Byron Hoogwerf Diane Karl Lois Katz Armand Krikorian Patrick O'Connor Rodica Pop-Bus | 2010 | The Lancet2010，，9739： | 2 |
| 12 | An Invasive Succulent Plant (Kalanchoe daigremontiana) Influences Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Mineralization in a Neotropical Semiarid Zone显示文摘It has long been recognized that plant invasions may alter carbon(C) and nitrogen(N) cycles, but the direction and magnitude of such alterations have been rarely quantified. In this study, we quantified the effects caused by the invasion of a noxious exotic plant,Kalanchoe daigremontiana(Crassulaceae), on C and N mineralization and enzymatic and microbial activities in the soil of a semiarid locality in Venezuela. We compared soil parameters associated with these processes(C and N mineralization time and the cumulative values, fluorescein diacetate hydrolytic activity, and activities of dehydrogenase, β-glucosidase, glucosaminidase, and urease) between invaded and adjacent non-invaded sites. In addition, correlations among these parameters and the soil physical-chemical properties were also examined to determine if a positive feedback exists between nutrient availability and K. daigremontiana invasion. Overall,our results showed that C mineralization and transformation of organic compounds to NH_4^+ were favored at sites colonized by K.daigremontiana. With this species, we found the highest cumulative amounts of NH_4^+-N and C and the lowest mineralization time.These results could be explained by higher activities of urease and glucosaminidase in soils under the influence of K. daigremontiana.In addition, higher amounts of organic matter and moisture content in invaded soils might favor C and N mineralization. In conclusion,invasion of Neotropical semiarid zones by K. daigremontiana may influence the chemical and biological properties of the soils covered by this species, increasing nutrient bioavailability, which, in time, can facilitate the invasion process. | Ileana HERRERA Jose R. FERRER-PARIS Diana BENZO Saul FLORES Belkis GARCIA Jafet M. NASSAR | 2018 | Pedosphere2018，28，4： | 2 |
| 13 | An iterative growing and pruning algorithm for classification tree design显示文摘 | Saul B Gelfand C S Ravishankar Edward J Delp | 1991 | IEEE Transaction on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence1991，13，2： | 1 |
| 14 | Teaching senior nurses how to teach communication skills in oncology显示文摘 | Fallowfield L Saul J Glligan B | 2001 | Cancer Nuts2001，24，3： | 1 |
| 15 | Remote organ ischemic preconditioning protect brain from ischemic damage following asphyxial cardiac arrest 显示文摘 | Dave KR Saul I Prado R | 2006 | Neurosci Lett2006，404，12： | 1 |
| 16 | High efficiency direct gene transfer to plants 显示文摘 | SHILLITO R D SAUL M W PAZSKOWSKI J | 1985 | Biotechnology1985，3，： | 1 |
| 17 | Improving on-time counseling attendance in a methadone treatment program:a contingency management approach显示文摘 | Rhodes GL Saules KK Helmus TC | 2003 | Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse2003，29，4： | 1 |
| 18 | The majority of prophenoloxidase in the hemolymph of Manduca Sexta is present in the plasma and not in the hemocytes 显示文摘 | Saul S J Liu B Sugumaran M | 1987 | Dev Comp Immune1987，11，3： | 1 |
| 19 | The chemistry of organic silicon compounds显示文摘 | Saul P Zvi P | 1989 | Oganiemetallic1989，892，： | 1 |
| 20 | Nonlinear dimensionality reduction by locally linear embedding 显示文摘 | Rowels S T Saul L K | 2000 | Science2000，290，5500： | 1 |
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