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| 1 | Liquid chromatographic methods for determination of the new antiepileptic drugs stiripentol, retigabine, rufinamide and perampanel: A comprehensive and critical review显示文摘The new antiepileptic drugs perampanel,retigabine,rufinamide and stiripentol have been recently approved for different epilepsy types.Being them an innovation in the antiepileptics armamentarium,a lot of investigations regarding their pharmacological properties are yet to be performed.Besides,considering their broad anticonvulsant activities,an extension of their therapeutic indications may be worthy of investigation,especially regarding other seizure types as well as other central nervous system disorders.Although different liquid chromatographic(LC)methods coupled with ultraviolet,fluorescence,mass or tandem-mass spectrometry detection have already been developed for the determination of perampanel,retigabine,rufinamide and stiripentol,new and more cost-effective methods are yet required.Therefore,this review summarizes the main analytical aspects regarding the liquid chromatographic methods developed for the analysis of perampanel,retigabine(and its main active metabolite),rufinamide and stiripentol in biological samples and pharmaceutical dosage forms.Furthermore,the physicochemical and stability properties of the target compounds will also be addressed.Thus,this review gathers,for the first time,important background information on LC methods that have been developed and applied for the determination of perampanel,retigabine,rufinamide and stiripentol,which should be considered as a starting point if new(bio)analytical techniques are aimed to be implemented for these drugs. | Sara Meirinho Marcio Rodrigues Ana Fortuna Amílcar Falcao Gilberto Alves | 2021 | Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis2021，11，4： | 2 |
| 2 | The role of cell adhesion molecules in the development of IDDM显示文摘 | Yang XD Sara AM Reina EM | 2003 | Diabetes2003，45，6： | 1 |
| 3 | Prednisolone inhibits SaOS2 osteosarcoma cell proliferation by activating inducible nitric oxide synthase显示文摘AIM:To investigate the effect of prednisolone,a synthetic glucocorticoid used in inflammatory diseases,on the growth of cultured osteosarcoma cells.METHODS:Two osteosarcoma cell lines with different degree of differentiation were used.SaOS2 show a rather mature phenotype,while U2 OS are negative for almost all osteoblastic markers.The cells were exposed to different concentrations of prednisolone(1-9 μmol/L) with or without antioxidants or the inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase(i NOS) l-N6-(iminoethyl)-lysine-HCl(L-NIL).Cell growth was assessed by counting viable cells.The production of nitric oxide(NO) was measured in the conditioned media by the Griess method.The production of reactive oxygen species was quantified using 2'-7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate.Western blot with specific antibodies against NOSs was performed on cell extracts.RESULTS:Prednisolone inhibited SaOS2 cell growth in a dose dependent manner.No significant effects were observed in U2OS.The inhibition of SaOS2 growth is not due to oxidative stress,because antioxidants do not rescue cell proliferation.Since high concentrations of NO inhibit bone formation,we also measured NO and found it induced in SaOS2,but not in U2 OS,exposed to prednisolone,because of the upregulation of i NOS as detected by western blot.Therefore,we treated SaOS2 with prednisolone in the presence or in the absence of L-NIL.L-NIL prevented NO release induced by prednisolone at all the concentrations apart from 9 μmol/L.At the same concentrations,we found that L-NIL rescued SaOS2 growth after exposure to prednisolone.In U2 OS cells,prednisolone did not induce NO production nor affected cell growth.All together,these data indicate that a link exists between increased amounts of NO and growth inhibition in response to prednisolone in SaOS2.CONCLUSION:Prednisolone inhibited SaOS2 proliferation by increasing the release of NO through the upregulation of i NOS,while no effect was exerted on U2OS. | Alessandra Cazzaniga Jeanette AM Maier Sara Castiglioni | 2016 | World Journal of Translational Medicine2016，5，1： | 1 |
| 4 | The role of cell adhesion molecules in the development of IDDM 显示文摘 | Yang XD Sara AM Reina EM | 2003 | Diabetes2003，45，6： | 1 |
| 5 | Human urotensin II is a potent vasoconstrictor and agonist for the orphan receptor GPR14显示文摘 | Ames RS Sara HM Chambers JK | 1999 | Nature1999，401，6750： | 1 |
| 6 | Long term follow-up resuels in children and adolescents treated with radioactive iodine for hyperthyroidism显示文摘 | Sara AM Sehumacher OP Rodriguez-Antunez A | 1975 | N Eng J Med1975，292，2： | 1 |
| 7 | Application of the photo-Fenton process to the treatment ofwastewaters contaminated with diesel显示文摘 | GALVO SARA AMLIA O MOTA ANDRL N SILVA DOUGLAS N | 2006 | Science of the Total Environ-ment2006，367，： | 1 |
| 8 | The role of cell adhesion molecules in the development of IDDM显示文摘 | Yang XD Sara AM Reina EM | 1996 | Diabetes1996，45，6： | 1 |
| 9 | Selective silencing of 2Cys and type-ⅡB Peroxiredoxins discloses their roles in cell redox state and stress signaling显示文摘Peroxiredoxins(Prx) catalyse the reduction of hydrogen peroxide(H2O2) and, in association with catalases and other peroxidases, may participate in signal transduction by regulating intercellular H2O2 concentration that in turn can control gene transcription and cell signaling. Using virusinduced-gene-silencing(VIGS), 2-Cys Peroxiredoxin(2Cys Prx)family and type-II Peroxiredoxin B(Prx IIB) gene were silenced in Nicotiana benthamiana, to study the impact that the loss of function of each Prx would have in the antioxidant system under control(22 °C) and severe heat stress conditions(48 °C). The results showed that both Prxs, although in different organelles,influence the regeneration of ascorbate to a significant extent,but with different purposes. 2Cys Prx affects abscisic acid(ABA)biosynthesis through ascorbate, while Prx IIB does it probablythrough the xanthophyll cycle. Moreover, 2Cys Prx is key in H2O2 scavenging and in consequence in the regulation of ABA signaling downstream of reactive oxygen species and Prx IIB provides an important assistance for H2O2 peroxisome scavenges. | Patrícia Vidigal Ana Montserrat Martin-Hernandez Cèlia Guiu-Aragonés Sara Amncio Luísa Carvalho | 2015 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2015，57，6： | 1 |
| 10 | The role of cell adhe- sion molecules in the development of IDDM 显示文摘 | Yang XD Sara AM Reina EM | 2003 | Diabetes2003，45，6： | 1 |
| 11 | Aspirin insensitive thromboxane generation is associated with oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes mellitus显示文摘 | Paul R.J. Ames Joana R. Batuca Ivana J. Muncy Ignacio Garcia De La Torre Sara Pascoe-Gonzales K. Guyer E. Matsuura Luis R. Lopez | 2012 | Thrombosis Research2012，，3： | 1 |
| 12 | Short- and long-term effects of silver nanoparticles on human microvascular endothelial cells显示文摘AIM: To study the response to silver nanoparticles(Ag NP) of human microvascular endothelial cells, protagonists of angiogenesis. METHODS: We cultured human microvascular endothelial cells and endothelial colony-forming cells in their corresponding growth medium. Stock solutions of Ag NP were prepared in culture medium and sonicated before use. They were added at different concentrations and for different times to culture media. The toxicity of Ag NP was investigated by measuring the reduction of yellow tetrazolium salt to dark purple formazan(MTT assay) at 575 nm. After staining with trypan blue, cell proliferation was assessed by counting viable cells. The lactate dehydrogenase leakage assay was performed on culture media by following the oxidation of NADH to NAD+ and monitoring the reaction kinetically at 340 nm. Reactive oxygen species production was quantified using 2'-7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate. The alkaline comet assay was performed after mixing the cells with low melting-point agarose. Electrophoresis was then conducted and the samples were stained with ethidium bromide and analyzed with a fluorescence microscope.RESULTS: Ag NP are cytotoxic in a dose and time dependent fashion for HMEC. At high concentrations, Ag NP determine loss of membrane integrity as demonstrated by the increased activity of lactate dehydrogenase in the culture medium. Ag NP rapidly stimulate the formation of free radicals. However, pre-incubation with Trolox, apocynin, or N-acetyl-L-cysteine, antioxidants which have different structure and act through different mechanisms, is not sufficient to prevent cytotoxicity. Ag NP also induce DNA damage dose-dependently, as shown by comet assay. When exposed to sublethal concentrations of Ag NP for long times, the cells remain viable but are growth retarded. Interestingly, removal of Ag NP partially rescues cell growth. Also genotoxicity is reversible upon removal of Ag NP from culture medium, suggesting that no permanent modifications occur. It is noteworthy that Ag NP are cytotoxic and genotoxic also for endothelial progenitors, in particular for endothelial colony-forming cells, which participate to angiogenesis.CONCLUSION: Silver nanoparticles are cytotoxic and genotoxic for human microvascular endothelial cells and might become a useful tool to control excessive angiogenesis. | Sara Castiglioni Clelia Caspani Alessandra Cazzaniga Jeanette AM Maier | 2014 | World Journal of Biological Chemistry2014，5，4： | 0 |
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