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| 1 | Changes in runoff and sediment load from major Chinese rivers to the Pacific Ocean over the period 1955-2010显示文摘Changes in runoff and sediment loads to the Pacific Ocean from 10 major Chinese rivers are presented in this paper.To quantitatively assess trends in runoff and sediment loads,a parameter called the 'Trend Ratio 7'' has been defined in this paper.To summarize total runoff and sediment load from these rivers,data from 17 gauging stations for the duration 1955 to 2010 has been standardized,and the missing data have been interpolated by different approaches according to specific conditions.Over the observed 56-year study period,there is a quite stable change in total runoff.Results show that the mean annual runoff flux entering the Pacific Ocean from these rivers is approximately 1,425billion cubic meters.It is found that all northern rivers within semi-arid and transitional zones including the Songhua,Liaohe,Haihe,Yellow and Huaihe rivers present declining trends in water discharge.Annual runoff in all southern rivers within humid zones including the Yangtze,Qiantang,Minjiang,Pearl and Lancang rivers docs not change much,except for the Qiantang River whose annual runoff slightly increases.The annual sediment loads of all rivers show significant declining trends;the exceptions are the Songhua and Lancang rivers whose annual sediment loads have increasing trends.However,the mean annual sediment flux carried into the Pacific Ocean decreased from 2,026million tonnes to 499 million tonnes over the 56-ycar period.During this time there were 4 distinct decreasing phases.The decrease in annual sediment flux is due to the integrated effects of human activity and climate change.The reduction in sediment flux makes it easy for reservoir operation;however,the decrease in sediment flux also creates problems,such as channel erosion,river bank collapse and the retreat of the delta area. | Cheng LIU Jueyi SUI Yun HE Faye HIRSHFIELD | 2013 | International Journal of Sediment Research2013，28，4： | 16 |
| 2 | Sediment load reduction in Chinese rivers显示文摘In this paper, the changes in the annual runoff and sediment transport have been assessed by using the long term observation data from 10 gauging stations on 10 large rivers across China from far north to far south. It is found that the annual sediment yield has generally had a decreasing trend in the past half century. According to the changes in annual runoff and the sediment yield per area, rivers in China can be classified into the following three groups: 1) rivers with decreasing annual sediment transport and stable runoff; 2) rivers with both decreasing annual sediment transport and runoff and 3) rivers with greatly reduced annual sediment transport and decreasing annual runoff. The results indicate that, in all southern rivers (to the south of the Huaihe River including the Huaihe River), there has been little change in average annual runoff but a dramatic decrease in annual sediment transport. In the northern rivers, however, both the annual sediment yield and the runoff show significant evidence of reduction. To further investigate the recent changes in annual runoff and sediment transport, the short-term observation data from these 10 gauging stations in the recent 10 years have been assessed. Results show that both the annual sediment transport and the runoff have decreased significantly in the northern rivers in the past 10 years. Using the Yellow River at the Lijin Station as an example, the average annual runoff for the last 10 years is only 1/3 of the long term average value and the average annual sediment yield of the last 10 years is only 1/4 of the long term average value. More unusually, in the Yongding River the annual sediment yield has approached zero and the runoff has decreased significantly. In addition, the impacts of human activities on the changes in both runoff and sediment transport have been discussed. | Cheng LIU Jueyi SUI Zhao-Yin WANG | 2008 | International Journal of Sediment Research2008，23，1： | 14 |
| 3 | Impacts of ice cover on local scour around semi-circular bridge abutment显示文摘The presence of ice cover in winter can significantly change the flow field around bridge abutments,which can also cause a different local scour pattern.To investigate the impacts of ice cover,results from a recent flume experiments were presented.Smooth and rough ice covers were created to investigate the impacts of ice cover roughness on the scour geometry around the semi-circular abutment.Three bed materials were used,with50D s of 0.58 mm,0.50 mm,0.47 mm respectively.Scour volume and scour area were calculated.It was found that the maximum scour depth was located 75o inclined to the flume wall.Under rough ice cover,the scour area and scour depth were the largest.An empirical equation on the maximum scour depth was also developed. | WU Peng HIRSHFIELD Faye SUI Jueyi 王军 陈胖胖 | 2014 | Journal of Hydrodynamics2014，26，1： | 13 |
| 4 | Local scour around two side-by-side cylindrical bridge piers under ice-covered conditions显示文摘In the current study, 108 flume experiments with non-uniform, cohesionless sediments have been done to investigate the local scour process around four pairs of side-by-side bridge piers under both open channel and ice-covered flow conditions. Similar to local scour around bridge piers under open channel conditions and a single bridge pier, it was observed in the experiments that the maximum scour depth always occurred at the upstream face of the pier under ice-covered conditions. Further, the smaller the pier size and the greater the spacing distance between the bridge piers, the weaker the horseshoe vortices around the bridge piers, and, thus, the shallower the scour holes around them. Finally, empirical equations were developed to estimate the maximum scour depth around two side-by-side bridge piers under both open channel and ice-covered flow conditions. | Mohammad reza Namaee Jueyi Sui | 2019 | International Journal of Sediment Research2019，34，4： | 7 |
| 5 | Velocity profiles and incipient motion of frazil particles under ice cover显示文摘A series of experiments for the incipient motion of frazil particles under ice cover have been carried out in laboratory under different flow and boundary conditions.Measurements on flow velocities across the measuring cross-section at different water depths have been conducted.Based on these experiments under both ice-covered and open flow conditions,the impacts of solid boundary(such as ice cover and flume sidewall) on the distribution of flow velocity profiles have been discussed.The criteria for the incipient motion of frazil particles under both smooth covered and rough covered conditions have been investigated.The influence of the roughness of ice cover has been assessed.The relation between shear Reynolds number and dimensionless shear stress for incipient motion of frazil particles under ice cover have been established compared with the incipient motion of sediment particles under ice covered condition.A diagram describing the relationship between critical shear Reynolds number and dimensionless shear stress for incipient motion of frazil particle under both smooth covered and rough covered conditions has been established.Additionally,it is found that the steeper the slope of ice cover is,the greater the critical shear stress for incipient motion of frazil particles becomes.However,the steeper the riverbed slope,the less the critical shear stress for incipient motion of river sediment. | Jueyi SUI Jun WANG Yun HE Faye KROL | 2010 | International Journal of Sediment Research2010，25，1： | 7 |
| 6 | Numerical simulation of mechanical breakup of river ice-cover显示文摘Ice jams and ice dams in rivers will cause significant rises of water levels. Under extreme conditions, the ice flooding during winter or early spring may occur. In this paper, by considering the fluid-solid coupling effect caused by the water and the ice cover, the mechanisms of the mechanical breakup of the river ice cover are studied. A formula is obtained for determining whether or not the mechanical breakup process would happen under the hydraulic pressure of the flow. Combined with the hydraulic model under the ice covered flow, a numerical model is built and the interaction between the discharge, the hydraulic pressure under the ice cover and the date for the mechanical breakup of the river ice cover is simulated. The simulated results of the dates for the mechanical breakup of the river ice cover agree very well with the field observations of the breakups of the river ice cover in the Hequ Reach of the Yellow River. Therefore, the numerical model might serve as a good preliminary step in studying the breakup of the river ice-cover, evidencing many important parameters that affect the ice-cover process. | 王军 何亮 陈胖胖 SUI Jueyi | 2013 | Journal of Hydrodynamics2013，25，3： | 5 |
| 7 | EFFECTS OF RIVER ICE ON STAGE-DISCHARGE RELATIONSHIPS——A CASE STUDY OF THE YELLOW RIVER显示文摘Using field observations at four gauging stations along the Inner Mongolia Reach of the Yellow River in China, this paper explores effects of the ice on the hydraulics of this river reach for four different conditions, namely: under open channel flow, during ice-running period, the ice-covered period, and the river break-up period. The rating curves were found to be well recognized under open channel situations, but were sometimes poorly defined and extremely variable under ice conditions. The results also show that the water level is insensitive to flowing ice prior to freeze-up. However, significant, but hardly surprising, variations were observed during ice-covered conditions. The rating curves for both the ice covered condition and river ice breakup period are developed and some related hydraulic issues are examined. Additionally, the impacts of the ice accumulation and associated riverbed deformation during ice period on the rating curves are discussed. | Jueyi SUI Ronald THRING Bryan W. KARNEY Jun WANG | 2007 | International Journal of Sediment Research2007，22，4： | 4 |
| 8 | Effects of vegetation channel banks and gravel size on flow structure显示文摘Vegetation on river banks and bed roughness are important factors affecting flow structure, sediment transport, erosion and geomorphology in rivers. In this experimental study, the impacts of vegetation on flume walls, grain size of bed gravels and aspect ratio on characteristics of shear stress distribution, Coles' wake parameter, the kinematic energy correction factor (α) and the momentum correction factor (β) have been assessed. Reynolds stress distribution illustrates a three-layer pattern when the aspect ratio is smaller than 2. In addition, the aspect ratio and changes of vegetation affect α, β as well as the Coles' wake parameter Π. | NASIRI DEHSORKHI AFZALIMEHR Jueyi SUI | 2010 | International Journal of Sediment Research2010，25，2： | 4 |
| 9 | IMPACTS OF DIMENSION AND SLOPE OF SUBMERGED SPUR DIKES ON LOCAL SCOUR PROCESSES-AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY显示文摘In this experimental study, the impacts of the slope of the upstream face of submerged spur dikes on scour patterns in the vicinity of the submerged spur dike have been investigated. Associated hydraulic parameters for scour initiation have been studied. The dependence of the criteria for scour initiation and scour patterns on the dike dimensions such as the dike length and height has been assessed. It is found that the maximum depth of a scour hole is localized upstream of the spur dike end. The location of the maximum scouring depth, the end of the spur dike, and the spot with the maximum deposition are nearly aligned and form a line approximately parallel to the flume wall. Results show that the proper selection of a sloped upstream face of the spur dike can significantly reduce the maximum scour depth and scour volume in the vicinity of the submerged spur dike. Equations have been established to describe the dependence of the criteria for scour initiation and the maximum depth of the scour hole on the Froude number of the flow, the blockage of the cross section by the spur dikes, the slope of upstream face of the spur dike, and the grain size of the bed material. | Daxian FANG Jueyi SUI Ronald W.THRING Hongya ZHANG | 2006 | International Journal of Sediment Research2006，21，2： | 4 |
| 10 | Investigation of turbulence characteristics in channel with dense vegetation显示文摘In this experimental study,the turbulent flow in a channel with vegetation by using sprouts of wheat on channel bed was investigated.Two different aspect ratios of channel were used.An Acoustic Doppler Velocimetry was used to measure parameters of turbulent flow over submerged sprouts of wheat,such as velocity profiles.The log law and the Reynolds shear stress distribution were applied. Results indicate that the position of the maximum turbulence intensity superposes on the inflection point situated over the top of submerged vegetation cover.Quadrant analysis shows that near the vegetation bed,the sweeps and ejections appear to be the most dominant phenomenon,while far from the vegetated bed,the outward is dominant event.Results also show that the aspect ratio plays an important role on the contribution of the different bursting events for Reynolds stress determination. | Hossein AFZALIMEHR Razieh MOGHBEL Jacques GALLICHAND Jueyi SUI | 2011 | International Journal of Sediment Research2011，26，3： | 3 |
| 11 | Changes in sediment transport in the Kuye River in the Loess Plateau in China显示文摘In this paper,the changes in sediment transport over 51 years from 1955 to 2006 in the Kuye River in the Loess Plateau in China are assessed. Key factors affecting sediment yield and sediment transport,such as precipitation depth,discharge,and human activities are studied. To investigate the changes in sediment yield in this watershed,a trend analysis on sediment concentration,precipitation depth,and discharge is conducted. Precipitation depths at 2 Climate Stations(CSs) ,as well as discharge and sediment transport at 3 Gauging Stations(GSs) are used to assess the features of sediment transport in the Kuye River. The runoff modulus(defined as the annual average discharge per unit area,L/(s.km2) ) and the sediment transport modulus(defined as the annual suspended sediment transport per unit area,t/(yr km2) ) are introduced in this study to assess the changes in runoff and sediment yield for this watershed. The results show that the highest average monthly discharge during the study period in the Kuye River is 66.23 m3/s in August with an average monthly sediment concentration of 88.9 kg/m3. However,the highest average monthly sediment concentration during the study period in the Kuye River is 125.34 kg/m3 and occurs in July,which has an average discharge of 42.6 m3/s that is much less than the average monthly discharge in August. It is found that both the runoff modulus and sediment transport modulus at Wenjiachuan GS on the Kuye River has a clear downward trend. During the summer season from July to August,the sediment transport modulus at Wenjiachuan GS is much higher than those at Toudaoguai and Longmen GSs on the Yellow River. The easily erodible loess in the Kuye River watershed and the sparse vegetation are responsible for the extremely high sediment yield from the Kuye River watershed. The analyses of the grain size distribution of suspended load in the Kuye River are presented. The average monthly median grain size of suspended load in the Kuye River is largest in February and then decreases until June. In July,the average monthly median grain size of suspended load approaches another peak and decreases until September. Then,the median grain size of suspended load starts to increase until February of the following year. However,the average monthly median grain size of suspended load in the Yellow River at Toudaoguai and Longmen GSs is the smallest between early summer and late fall. The median grain size in the Yellow River starts to increase in November and approaches the largest size in January. | Jueyi SUI Yun HE Cheng LIU | 2009 | International Journal of Sediment Research2009，24，2： | 3 |
| 12 | Flow structure over a wavy bed with vegetation cover显示文摘On the basis of experiments carried out in flume with a wavy bed with vegetation cover,flow velocity,turbulence intensities and Reynolds stress distributions are investigated.The wavy bed was similar to dune in this study.The fixed artificial dunes were constructed over the bed and artificial vegetation put over them in a laboratory flume.An Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter and spatially-averaged method were applied to determine turbulent flow components and shear velocity.Results were compared with a gravel bedform.It was observed that vegetation cover influences considerably the flow structure and displays clearly the flow separation and reattachment point.The law of the wall was not valid within the vegetation cover,but it was fitted well to the zone above the vegetation cover within the inner layer.For a wavy bed having the same dimensions,shear velocity and friction factor over vegetation cover are 1.7 and 2.6 times of those for the gravel bedform,respectively.The results of laboratory study were compared with those of river study. | Fazeleh Kabiri Hossein Afzalimehr Jueyi Sui | 2017 | International Journal of Sediment Research2017，32，2： | 3 |
| 13 | Revisit submergence of ice blocks in front of ice cover–an experimental study显示文摘The present paper studies the stabilities of ice blocks in front of an ice cover based on experiments carried out in laboratory by using four types of ice blocks with different dimensions. The forces acting on the ice blocks in front of the ice cover are analyzed. The critical criteria for the entrainment of ice blocks in front of the ice cover are established by considering the drag force caused by the flowing water, the collision force, and the hydraulic pressure force. Formula for determining whether or not an ice block will be entrained under the ice cover is derived. All three dimensions of the ice block are considered in the proposed formula. The velocities calculated by using the developed formula are compared with those of calculated by other formulas proposed by other researchers, as well as the measured flow velocities for the entrainment of ice blocks in laboratory. The fitting values obtained by using the derived formula agree well with the experimental results. | 王军 吴一帆 Jueyi Sui | 2018 | Journal of Hydrodynamics2018，30，2： | 3 |
| 14 | Initiation of ice jam in front of bridge piers-An experimental study显示文摘The presence of bridge piers in natural rivers significantly changes the flow and boundary conditions.As a consequence,ice jams can often be initiated in front of bridge piers.With the changes in flow conditions,two types of ice jam formation may appear:surface accumulation of ice blocks (surface ice blockage) and thickened accumulation of ice blocks (vertical ice blockage).In the present study,the initiation process of ice jam was studied based on experiments.It is found that the critical ice concentration for ice jam blockage depends on the ice block dimension,channel opening and flow conditions.Under surface blockage conditions,a larger ratio of ice cube dimension to channel opening (between piers) can result in a smaller critical ice concentration for ice jam blockage,which has no obvious relation with flow conditions.Under vertical blockage conditions,the critical ice concentration for ice jam blockage increases with flow Froude number and decreases with the ratio of ice dimension to channel opening (between piers).Based on experiments conducted in laboratory,equations for determining critical ice concentration for these two types of ice jam blockage have been developed. | Jun Wang Jian Hua Pang-pang Chen Jueyi Sui Peng Wu Todd Whitcombe | 2019 | Journal of Hydrodynamics2019，31，1： | 2 |
| 15 | Clear-water scour around semi-elliptical abutments with armored beds显示文摘Experimental study has been carried out under a clear-water scour condition to explore the local scour around semi-elliptical model bridge abutments with armor-layer bed, compared with the local scour process around semi-circular abutment. Two types of model bridge abutments, namely semi- elliptical and semi-circular abutments have been used in this experimental study. The model abutments had a ratio of streamwise length of abutment to the length of abutment transverse to the flow of 2 for semi-circular abutments and 3 for semi-elliptical abutments. In total, 50 Experiments have been designed and conducted under different flow conditions such as bed shear velocities, flow depth, and dimensions of bridge abutment model, as well as grain size of the bed material. Based on these experiments, the scour process around bridge abutments has been assessed. The dependence of the equilibrium scour depth of the scour hole on hydraulic variables has been studied. Empirical equation describing the equilibrium scour depth of the scour hole around bridge abutments has been developed. | Jueyi SUI Hossein AFZALIMEHR Abdolreza Kabiri SAMANI Mehmoosh MAHERANI | 2010 | International Journal of Sediment Research2010，25，3： | 2 |
| 16 | Simulations of ice jam thickness distribution in the transverse direction显示文摘River ice often forms in the cold regions of northern hemisphere which can lead to ice jams(or ice dams). Water level can be significantly raised due to ice jams. As a consequence, disastrous ice flooding may be resulted, such as the ice jam flooding in the Nechako River in Prince George in winter 2007-2008. In the present study, the equations describing the ice jam thickness in the transverse direction are derived. The impact of the secondary vortex is considered while the cohesive force within ice cubes is neglected in the model. The relationship between the parameter β and the total water depth is established based on the assumption that all other variables except the velocities are kept constant on the same cross section. By using the parameter β and the developed equations, the ice jam thickness in the transverse direction can be predicted. The developed model is used to simulate the ice jam thickness in the transverse direction at the Hequ Reach of the Yellow River in China. The simulated ice jam thicknesses agree well with the field measurements on different cross sections. | 王军 施发义 陈胖胖 WU Peng SUI Jueyi | 2014 | Journal of Hydrodynamics2014，26，5： | 2 |
| 17 | Influence of near-shore marine structures in a beach nourishment project on tidal currents in Haitan Bay, facing the Taiwan Strait显示文摘The Longfengtou Beach in the Haitan Bay,located in Fujian Province of China and facing the Haitan Strait,has been suffering severe erosion due to the construction of seawalls.A simple beach nourishment project implemented has not achieved the anticipated beach restoration.Thus a practical solution has to rely on a combination with near-shore marine structures.In this study,a 2-D calibrated flow model is set up to investigate the effects of three different layouts of near-shore marine structures on the tidal current.It is shown that the breakwaters situated in both the north and south ends play a vital part in the protection against erosion.The offshore breakwaters can serve as a barrier to obstruct the current circulation then reduce the current velocity.The groyne linking the Guimo islet and the coast significantly reduces the south-to-north water exchange through the channel and redirects the current direction nearly perpendicular to the north breakwater,which cuts off the longshore transport that may have a negative influence on the beach,especially,the northern part.It is also noted that the monsoon at the site with different directions increases the current velocity.In general,proper layouts of marine structures can reduce the current velocity thus lead to less intense sand transport near the beach. | 顾杰 马悦 王彬谕 Jueyi SUI 匡翠萍 刘建辉 雷刚 | 2016 | Journal of Hydrodynamics2016，28，4： | 2 |
| 18 | Impacts of bridge piers on water level during ice jammed period in bend channel——An experimental study显示文摘Experiments are carried out in an 'S-shaped' flume in the laboratory under both open flow and ice-jammed conditions to study the impacts of bridge piers in a bend channel on the variation of the water level. The variations of the water level under the ice jammed condition with bridge piers are compared to those without bridge piers in an 180° bend channel. Results indicate that the bridge piers in the S-shaped channel have obvious impacts on the ice accumulation and the water level. The increment of the water level with the presence of the bridge piers is less than that without the bridge piers in the channel. Different arrangements of the bridge piers result in different increments of the water level. When one bridge pier is installed in the straight section of the channel(between 2 bends) and another one at the bend apex(for a convex bank), the increment of the water level during the equilibrium ice jammed period is between that with a single bridge pier located in the straight section of the bend channel and that with a single bridge pier located at the bend apex. It is also shown that the increment of the water level during the equilibrium ice jammed period increases with the increase of the average thickness of the ice jams. | 王军 李淑祎 陈胖胖 汪涛 Jueyi Sui | 2018 | Journal of Hydrodynamics2018，30，1： | 2 |
| 19 | Impact of bridge pier on the stability of ice jam显示文摘River ice jam is one of the most important issues in rivers in cold regions during winter time. With the extra solid boundary due to the ice cover, the flow condition under ice-covered conditions is completely different from that of a open channel flow. The presence of bridge piers will further change the velocity field around the bridge piers. As a consequence, the formation and the accumulation of ice jams in the vicinity of the bridge pier will be affected. On the other side, the formation of an ice jam around the piers can cause extra turbulence to reduce the stability of a river bridge. The present study focuses on the stress analysis of the ice jam in the vicinity of a bridge pier. By developing a governing equation for describing the equilibrium state of an ice jam, the stability of the ice jam around bridge piers is analyzed and determined. As seen from the field data in literature, the stability estimations of an ice jam around bridge piers determined by the present method agree well with the field observations. Therefore, the proposed approach can be used for the prediction of the formation of ice jams around bridge piers. | 王军 施发义 陈胖胖 WU Peng SUI Jueyi | 2015 | Journal of Hydrodynamics2015，27，6： | 1 |
| 20 | A revisit of the local scour around bridge piers under an ice-covered flow condition-An experimental study显示文摘In this study,by changing both pier diameters and particle sizes of sand bed in flume experiments,the scour process around cylindrical bridge piers under an ice-covered flow condition has been investigated.It is found that the appearance of an ice cover on the water surface caused a deeper and wider scour hole in comparison with that in an open flow with identical flow rates,implying a larger volume of scour hole under an ice-covered flow condition.Similar to the scouring process at a bridge pier under an open flow condition,both the depth and volume of a scour hole increase with the flow velocity and pier diameter.Comparing with results under an open flow condition,for identical flow rates,the maximum depth of a scour hole under an ice-covered flow condition increased by about 20%-30%,and both the scour area and volume of a scour hole increased by about 40%-50%.A flow at Froude number of 0.15 is the demarcation point for assessing an obvious impact of an ice cover on the local scour around a bridge pier in this experimental study.Using data collected from laboratory experiments,equations have been developed to calculate the maximum scour depth,scour area and scour volume.Results of present study have been compared with those of others. | Jun Wang Kui Wang Bi-he Fang Jueyi Sui | 2021 | Journal of Hydrodynamics2021，33，5： | 1 |
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