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| 1 | Hepatocellular carcinoma: Review of disease and tumor biomarkers显示文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is a common malignancy and now the second commonest global cause of cancer death. HCC tumorigenesis is relatively silent and patients experience late symptomatic presentation. As the option for curative treatments is limited to early stage cancers, diagnosis in non-symptomatic individuals is crucial. International guidelines advise regular surveillance of high-risk populations but the current tools lack sufficient sensitivity for early stage tumors on the background of a cirrhotic nodular liver. A number of novel biomarkers have now been suggested in the literature, which may reinforce the current surveillance methods. In addition, recent metabonomic and proteomic discoveries have established specific metabolite expressions in HCC, according to Warburg's phenomenon of altered energy metabolism. With clinical validation, a simple and non-invasive test from the serum or urine may be performed to diagnose HCC, particularly benefiting low resource regions where the burden of HCC is highest. | Jin Un Kim Mohamed I F Shariff Mary M E Crossey Maria Gomez-Romero Elaine Holmes I Jane Cox Haddy K S Fye Ramou Njie Simon D Taylor-Robinson | 2016 | World Journal of Hepatology2016，8，10： | 13 |
| 2 | Current and future applications of magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy of the brain in hepatic encepha-lopathy显示文摘肝的脑病(他) 普通 neuro 精神病学的畸形,它从肝细胞失败或 portosystemic 与肝疾病和结果复杂化病人的功课正在推延。表明他是广泛地可变的并且从温和无临床症状的骚乱包含一个系列到深昏迷。研究兴趣集中于传播导出勇气的毒素的角色,特别地氨,胀大的大脑的开发和在导致全球 CNS 消沉和混乱功能的服的 neurotransmitter 系统的变化。直到最近,服的功能的直接调查有在人是困难的。然而,当磁性的回声光谱学( 1H 太太)检测的质子在大脑生物化学变化时,新磁性的回声成像( MRI )技术在大脑体积( coregistered MRI )和损害大脑功能( fMRI )提供对变化的评价的一个非侵略的工具,包括服的 osmolytes 的直接测量,例如 myoinositol ,充斥管理对细胞的动态平衡内在的过程的使挫折和夫酸安,包括细胞内部的水的累积。这些细胞内部的 osmolytes 的集中与 hyperammonaemia 改变。有 neuropsychiatric 缺陷并且自从先生系列的严厉的检测太太的代谢物畸形相互关联向正常术后疗法回来,技术可能具有在客观耐心的监视并且在估计各种各样的治疗政体的有效性的使用。 | VP Bob Graver M Alex Dresner Daniel M Forton Serena Counsell David J Larkman Nayna Patel Howard C Thomas Simon D Taylor-Robinson | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，19： | 8 |
| 3 | Urinary nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of a Bangladeshi cohort with hepatitis-B hepatocellular carcinoma: A biomarker corroboration study显示文摘AIM: To establish if a distinct urinary metabolic profile could be identified in Bangladeshi hepatitis-B hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) patients compared to cirrhosis patients and controls. METHODS: Urine samples from 42 Bangladeshi patients with HCC(39 patients with hepatitis-B HCC), 47 with cirrhosis on a background of hepatitis B, 46 with chronic hepatitis B, and seven ethnically-matched healthy controls were analyzed using nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) spectroscopy. A full dietary and medication history was recorded for each subject. The urinary NMR data were analyzed using principal component analysis(PCA) and orthogonal partial leastsquared discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA) techniques. Differences in relative signal levels of the most discriminatory metabolites identified by PCA and OPLSDA were compared between subject groups using an independent samples Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance(ANOVA) test with all pairwise multiple comparisons. Within the patient subgroups, the MannWhitney U test was used to compare metabolite levels depending on hepatitis B e-antigen(HBe Ag) status and treatment with anti-viral therapy. A BenjaminiHochberg adjustment was applied to acquire the level of significance for multiple testing, with a declared level of statistical significance of P < 0.05.RESULTS: There were significant differences in age(P < 0.001), weight(P < 0.001), and body mass index(P < 0.001) across the four clinical subgroups. Serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT) was significantly higher in the HCC group compared to controls(P < 0.001); serum α-fetoprotein was generally markedly elevated in HCC compared to controls; and serum creatinine levels were significantly reduced in the HCC group compared to the cirrhosis group(P = 0.004). A threefactor PCA scores plot showed clustering of the urinary NMR spectra from the four subgroups. Metabolites that contributed to the discrimination between the subgroups included acetate, creatine, creatinine, dimethyamine(DMA), formate, glycine, hippurate, and trimethylamine-N-oxide(TMAO). A comparison of relative metabolite levels confirmed that carnitine was significantly increased in HCC; and creatinine, hippurate, and TMAO were significantly reduced in HCC compared to the other subgroups. HBe Ag negative patients showed a significant increase in creatinine(P = 0.001) compared to HBe Ag positive patients in the chronic hepatitis B subgroup, whilst HBe Ag negative patients showed a significant decrease in DMA(P = 0.004) in the cirrhosis subgroup compared to HBe Ag positive patients. There were no differences in metabolite levels in HCC patients who did or did not receive antiviral treatment. CONCLUSION: Urinary NMR changes in Bangladeshi HCC were identified, corroborating previous findings from Egypt and West Africa. These findings could form the basis for the development of a cost-effective HCC dipstick screening test. | I Jane Cox Abil E Aliev Mary ME Crossey Mahvish Dawood Mamun Al-Mahtab Sheikh M Akbar Salimur Rahman Antonio Riva Roger Williams Simon D Taylor-Robinson | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，16： | 4 |
| 4 | Evidence for the involvement of NOD2 in regulating colonic epithelial cell growth and survival显示文摘AIM: To investigate the function of NOD2 in colonic epithelial cells (CEC). METHODS: A combination of in vivo and in vitro analyses of epithelial cell turnover in the presence and absence of a functional NOD2 protein and, in response to enteric Salmonella typhimurium infection, were used. shRNA interference was also used to investigate the consequences of knocking down NOD2 gene expression on the growth and survival of colorectal carcinoma cell lines. RESULTS:In the colonic mucosa the highest levels of NOD2 expression were in proliferating crypt epithelial cells. Muramyl dipeptide (MDP), that is recognized by NOD2, promoted CEC growth in vitro . By contrast,the growth of NOD2-deficient CECs was impaired. In vivo CEC proliferation was also reduced and apoptosis increased in Nod2-/- mice, which were also evident following enteric Salmonella infection. Furthermore, neutralization of NOD2 mRNA expression in human colonic carcinoma cells by shRNA interference resulted in decreased survival due to increased levels of apoptosis. CONCLUSION: These findings are consistent with the involvement of NOD2 protein in promoting CEC growth and survival. Defects in proliferation by CECs in cases of CD may contribute to the underlying pathology of disrupted intestinal homeostasis and excessive inflammation. | Sheena M Cruickshank Louise Wakenshaw John Cardone Peter D Howdle Peter J Murray Simon R Carding | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，38： | 3 |
| 5 | Synthesis of CMP-NeuAc from N-acetylglucosamine: Generation of CTP from CMP using adenylate kinase 显示文摘 | Simon E S Bednarski M D Whitesides G M | 1988 | J Am Chem Soc1988，110，： | 2 |
| 6 | Management of venous thromboembolism in patients with advanced cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis显示文摘 | Simon IR Noble Mike D Shelley Bernadette Coles Susan M Williams Andrew Wilcock Miriam J Johnson | 2008 | Lancet Oncology2008，，6： | 2 |
| 7 | Improved parallel interference cancellation for CDMA 显示文摘 | Divsalar D Simon M K Raphaeli D | 1998 | IEEE Trans on Communications1998，46，2： | 1 |
| 8 | Stability of clay minerals in acid显示文摘 | Simon D E Anderson M S | 1942 | SPE1942，2，： | 1 |
| 9 | Long-term multiple color imaging of live cells using quantum dot bioconjugates显示文摘 | JAISWAL J K MATTOUSSI H D SIMON S M | 2003 | Nature Biotechnol2003，21，1： | 1 |
| 10 | Kinetics of Fe(III)and Mn(IV)reduction by the Black Sea strain of Shewanella putrefaciens using in situ solid state voltammetric Au/Hg electrodes显示文摘 | DOLLHOPF M E NEALSON K H SIMON D M | 2000 | Marine Chemistry2000，70，1： | 1 |
| 11 | Limitation of lowland riverine bacterioplankton by dissolved organic carbon and inorgan- ic nutrients显示文摘 | Douglas P Simon M Ryan M D | 2010 | Hydrobiologia2010，652，： | 1 |
| 12 | Mycophenolate mofetil and roscovitine decrease cyclin expression and increase p27Kipl (Kip11) expression in anti Thyl mesangial proliferative nephritis显示文摘 | Chiara M Menegatti E Di Simone D | 2005 | Clin Exp Immunol2005，139，2： | 1 |
| 13 | Symmetry-based re- sistance as a novel means of lower limb rehabilitation 显示文摘 | Simon A M Brent G R Ferris D P | 2007 | Journal of Biomechanics2007，40，6： | 1 |
| 14 | Hypoxia, HIFs, and cardiovascular development显示文摘 | Simon M C Ramircz-Bergeron D Mack F | 2003 | Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol2003，67，： | 1 |
| 15 | Noninvasive prediction of fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C 显示文摘 | Thabut D Simon M Myers RP | 2003 | Hepatology2003，37，2： | 1 |
| 16 | A review of ac- celerated carbonation technology in the treatment of cement- based materials and sequestration 'of CO2 显示文摘 | Fernandez Bertos M Simons S J R Hills C D | 2004 | Journal of Hazard- ous Materia/s2004，112，3： | 1 |
| 17 | A frequency domain analytical model of an uncontrolled single phase voltage-source rectifier显示文摘 | Hamish D L Simon D R Richard M D | 2000 | IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics2000，47，3： | 1 |
| 18 | Force modeling for needle insertion into soft tissue 显示文摘 | Okamura A M Christina Simone O' Lear) M D | 2004 | IEEE Trans on BioMed Eng2004，51，10： | 1 |
| 19 | Molecular Basis of Restenosis and Drug-E- luting Stents显示文摘 | Costa M A Simon D L | 2005 | Circulation2005，111，17： | 1 |
| 20 | Maximum - likelihood block detection of non- coherent c - ontinuous phase modulation 显示文摘 | D Divsalar M K Simon | 1993 | IEEE Trans Commun1993，41，1： | 1 |
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