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| 1 | Gallbladder cancer epidemiology, pathogenesis and molecular genetics: Recent update显示文摘Gallbladder cancer is a malignancy of biliary tract which is infrequent in developed countries but common in some specific geographical regions of developing countries. Late diagnosis and deprived prognosis are major problems for treatment of gallbladder carcinoma. The dramatic associations of this orphan cancer with various genetic and environmental factors are responsible for its poorly defined pathogenesis. An understanding to the relationship between epidemiology, molecular genetics and pathogenesis of gallbladder cancer can add new insights to its undetermined pathophysiology. Present review article provides a recent update regarding epidemiology, pathogenesis, and molecular genetics of gallbladder cancer. We systematically reviewed published literature on gallbladder cancer from online search engine Pub Med(http://gffzz16a62c593b5540cehc555xbqccqu96uuk.ffgz.tsg.suse.edu.cn/pubmed). Various keywords used for retrieval of articles were Gallbladder, cancer Epidemiology, molecular genetics and bullion operators like AND, OR, NOT. Cross references were manually searched from various online search engines(http://gffzz16a62c593b5540cehc555xbqccqu96uuk.ffgz.tsg.suse.edu.cn/pubmed,http://gffzz141dfffa132442b5sc555xbqccqu96uuk.ffgz.tsg.suse.edu.cn/, http://gffzz4cb95a154d71438chc555xbqccqu96uuk.ffgz.tsg.suse.edu.cn/home.jsp). Most of the articles published from 1982 to 2015 in peer reviewed journals have been included in this review. | Aarti Sharma Kiran Lata Sharma Annapurna Gupta Alka Yadav Ashok Kumar | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，22： | 68 |
| 2 | Comparative study of CEA and CA19-9 in esophageal,gastric and colon cancers individually and in combination(ROC curve analysis)显示文摘Objective:To determine the clinical serum levels of carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA) and carbohydrate antigen 19-9(CA19-9),individually and in combination,for the diagnosis of 50 healthy subjects and 150 cases of esophageal,gastric,and colon cancers.Methods:The sensitivities of the two markers were compared individually and in combination,with specificity set at 100%.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curves were plotted.Results:Serum CEA levels were significantly higher in cancer patients than in the control group.The sensitivity of CEA was determined:in esophageal cancer,sensitivity=28%,negative predictive value(NPV)=61.72%,and AUC=0.742(SE=0.05),with a significance level of P<0.0001;in gastric cancer,sensitivity=30%,NPV=58.82%,and AUC=0.734(SE=0.05),with a significance level of P<0.0001;in colon cancer,sensitivity=74%,NPV=79.36%,and AUC=0.856(SE=0.04),with a significance level of P<0.0001.The sensitivity of CA19-9 was also evaluated:in esophageal cancer,sensitivity=18%,NPV=54.94%,and AUC=0.573(SE=0.05),with a significance level of P=0.2054.In gastric cancer,sensitivity=42%,NPV=63.29%,and AUC=0.679(SE=0.05),with a significance level of P<0.0011.In colon cancer,sensitivity=26%,NPV=57.47%,and AUC=0.580(SE=0.05),with a significance level of P=0.1670.The following were the sensitivities of CEA/CA19-9 combined:in esophageal cancer,sensitivity=42%,NPV=63.29%,SE=0.078(95% CI:0.0159-0.322);gastric cancer,sensitivity=58%,NPV=70.42%,SE=0.072(95% CI:-0.0866-0.198);and colon cancer,sensitivity=72%,NPV=78.12%,SE=0.070(95% CI:0.137-0.415).Conclusion:CEA exhibited the highest sensitivity for colon cancer,and CA19-9 exhibited the highest sensitivity for gastric cancer.Combined analysis indicated an increase in diagnostic sensitivity in esophageal and gastric cancer compared with that in colon cancer. | Bhawna Bagaria Sadhna Sood Rameshwaram Sharma Soniya Lalwani | 2013 | Cancer Biology & Medicine2013，10，3： | 53 |
| 3 | Role of the renin angiotensin system in diabetic nephropathy显示文摘Diabetic nephropathy has been the cause of lot of mor bidity and mortality in the diabetic population.The renin angiotensin system(RAS) is considered to be involved in most of the pathological processes that result in diabetic nephropathy.This system has var ious subsystems which contribute to the disease pat ho logy.One of these involves angiotensin Ⅱ(Ang Ⅱ) which shows in c reased activity during diabetic nephropathy.This causes hypertrophy of various renal cells and has a pres sor effect on arteriolar smooth muscle resulting in increas ed vascular pressure.Ang Ⅱ also induces inflamm ation,apoptosis,cell growth,migration and differentiation.Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 production responsible for renal f ibrosis is also regulated by RAS.Polymorphism of angiotensin converting enzym e(ACE) and Angiotensinogen has been shown to have effects on RAS.Available treatment modalities have proven effective in controlling the progression of nephropathy.Various drugs(based on antagonism of RAS) are currently in the market and others are still under trial.Amongst the approved drugs,ACE inhibitors and ang iot ensin receptor blockers(ARBs) are widely used in clinical practice.ARBs are shown to be superior to ACE inhibitors in terms of reducing proteinuria but the combined role of ARBs with ACE inhibitors in diabetic nephropathy is under debate. | Tanuj Chawla Deepika Sharma Archana Singh | 2010 | World Journal of Diabetes2010，1，5： | 34 |
| 4 | Endoscopic management of postoperative bile leaks显示文摘BACKGROUND: Significant bile leak as an uncommon complication after biliary tract surgery may constitute a serious and difficult management problem. Surgical management of biliary fistulae is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Biliary endoscopic procedures have become the treatment of choice for management of biliary Gstulae. METHODS: Ninety patients presented with bile leaks after cholecystectomy ( open cholecystectomy in 45 patients, cholecystectomy with common bile duct exploration in 20 and laparoscopic cholecystectomy in 25). The presence of bile leaks was confirmed by ERCP and the appearance of bile in percutaneous drainage of abdominal collections. Of the 90 patients with postoperative bile leaks, 18 patients had complete transaction of the common bile duct by ERCP and were subjected to bilioenteric anastomosis. In the remaining patients after cholangiography and localization of the site of bile leaks. therapeutic procedures like sphinctero-tomy, biliary stenting and nasobiliary drainage ( NBD ) were performed. If residual stones were seen in the common bile duct, sphincterotomy was followed by stone extraction using dormia basket. Nasobiliary drain or stents of 7F size were placed according to the standard techniques. The NBD was removed when bile leak stopped and closure of the fistula confirmed cholangiographically. The stents were removed after an interval of 6-8 weeks. RESULTS: Bile leaks in 72 patients occurred in the cystic duct (38 patients), the common bile duct (30 ), and the right hepatic duct (4). Of the 72 patients with post-operative bile leak, 24 had associated retained common bile duct stones and 1 had ascaris in common bile duct. All the 72 patients were subjected to therapeutic procedures including sphincterotomy with stone extraction followed by biliary stenting (24 patients), removal of ascaris and biliary stenting (1), sphincterotomy with biliary stenting (18), sphincterotomy with NBD (12), biliary stenting alone (12), and NBD alone (5). Bile leaks stopped in all patients at a median interval of 3 days (range 3-16 days) after endoscopic in- terventions. No difference was observed in efficacy and in time for the treatment of bile leak by sphincterotomy with endoprosthesis or endoprosthesis alone in patients with bile leak after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Post-cholecystectomy bile leaks occur most commonly in the cystic duct and associated common bile duct stones are found in one-third of cases. Endoscopic therapy is safe and effective in the management of bile leaks and fistulae after surgery. Sphincterotomy with endoprosthesis or endoprosthesis alone is equally effective in the management of postoperative bile leak. | Naresh Agarwal Barjesh Chander Sharma Sanjay Garg Rakesh Kumar Shiv K Sarin | 2006 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2006，5，2： | 33 |
| 5 | Anti-tumor activity of wogonin, an extract from Scutellaria baicalensis, through regulating different signaling pathways显示文摘Wogonin is a plant flavonoid compound extracted from Scutellaria baicalensis(Huang-Qin or Chinese skullcap) and has been studied thoroughly by many researchers till date for its anti-viral, anti-oxidant, anti-cancerous and neuro-protective properties. Numerous experiments conducted in vitro and in vivo have demonstrated wogonin's excellent tumor inhibitory properties. The anticancer mechanism of wogonin has been ascribed to modulation of various cell signaling pathways, including serine-threonine kinase Akt(also known as protein kinase B) and AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK) pathways, p53-dependent/independent apoptosis, and inhibition of telomerase activity. Furthermore, wogonin also decreases DNA adduct formation with a carcinogenic compound 2-Aminofluorene and inhibits growth of drug resistant malignant cells and their migration and metastasis, without any side effects. Recently, newly synthesized wogonin derivatives have been developed with impressive anti-tumor activity. This review is the succinct appraisal of the pertinent articles on the mechanisms of anti-tumor properties of wogonin. We also summarize the potential of wogonin and its derivatives used alone or as an adjunct therapy for cancer treatment. Furthermore, pharmacokinetics and side effects of wogonin and its analogues have also been discussed. | Do Luong Huynh Neelesh Sharma Amit Kumar Singh Simrinder Singh Sodhi ZHANG Jiao-Jiao Raj Kumar Mongre Mrinmoy Ghosh Nameun Kim Yang Ho Park Dong Kee Jeong | 2017 | Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines2017，15，1： | 32 |
| 6 | 腹腔镜与开腹手术比较治疗子宫内膜癌疗效与安全性的Meta分析显示文摘目的系统评价腹腔镜与开腹手术比较治疗子宫内膜癌的疗效及安全性。方法计算机检索eCochrane Library、PubMed、EMbase、Ovid、WanFang Data、VIP和CNKI数据库,收集腹腔镜和开腹手术比较治疗子宫内膜癌疗效及安全性的随机对照试验,检索时限从1998.1~2012.9,由两名评价者按照纳入与排除标准选择试验、提取资料和评价质量后,采用RevMan 5.0软件进行Meta分析。结果最终纳入10个随机对照试验,共6 993例患者。Meta分析结果显示与开腹手术相比,腹腔镜手术治疗子宫内膜癌术中出血量更少、术前与术后第1天血红蛋白下降值更低、术后排气时间和住院时间更短、术后并发症发生率更低。但腹腔镜的手术时间更长、术中并发症发生率更高。此外,两组在术中清扫盆腔淋巴结数目、术中清扫腹主动脉旁淋巴结数目及术后随访3~5年子宫内膜癌复发率和死亡率方面,其差异均无统计学意义。结论腹腔镜手术较开腹手术术中出血量更少、术前与术后第1天血红蛋白下降值更低、术后排气时间和住院时间更短、术后并发症发生率更低;但开腹手术的术中并发症发生率比腹腔镜手术组低且手术时间短;两种手术方式在清扫盆腔淋巴结和腹主动脉旁淋巴结数目及术后随访3~5年子宫内膜癌复发率和死亡率方面相似。由于纳入研究数量有限且方法学质量不高,本研究结果尚需更多高质量的随机对照试验进一步证实。 | 王迪 马彩玲 叶远征 Srijana Sharma | 2013 | 中国循证医学杂志2013，13，5： | 29 |
| 7 | Advances in diagnosis, treatment and palliation of pancreatic carcinoma: 1990-2010显示文摘Several advances in genetics, diagnosis and palliation of pancreatic cancer (PC) have occurred in the last decades. A multidisciplinary approach to this disease is therefore recommended. PC is relatively common as it is the fourth leading cause of cancer related mortality. Most patients present with obstructive jaundice, epigastric or back pain, weight loss and anorexia. Despite improvements in diagnostic modalities, the majority of cases are still detected in advanced stages. The only curative treatment for PC remains surgical resection. No more than 20% of patients are candidates for surgery at the time of diagnosis and survival remains quite poor as adjuvant therapies are not very effective. A small percentage of patients with borderline non-resectable PC might benefit from neo-adjuvant chemoradiation therapy enabling them to undergo resection; however, randomized controlled studies are needed to prove the benefits of this strategy. Patients with unresectable PC benefit from palliative interventions such as biliary decompression and celiac plexus block. Further clinical trials to evaluate new chemo and radiation protocols as well as identification of genetic markers for PC are needed to improve the overall survival of patients affected by PC, as the current overall 5-year survival rate of patients affected by PC is still less than 5%. The aim of this article is to review the most recent high quality literature on this topic. | Chakshu Sharma Karim M Eltawil Paul D Renfrew Mark J Walsh Michele Molinari | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，7： | 28 |
| 8 | Non-invasive diagnosis of advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis显示文摘Liver cirrhosis is a common and growing public health problem globally.The diagnosis of cirrhosis portends an increased risk of morbidity and mortality.Liver biopsy is considered the gold standard for diagnosis of cirrhosis and staging of fibrosis.However,despite its universal use,liver biopsy is an invasive and inaccurate gold standard with numerous drawbacks.In order to overcome the limitations of liver biopsy,a number of non-invasive techniques have been investigated for the assessment of cirrhosis.This review will focus on currently available non-invasive markers of cirrhosis.The evidence behind the use of these markers will be highlighted,along with an assessment of diagnostic accuracy and performance characteristics of each test.Non-invasive markers of cirrhosis can be radiologic or serum-based.Radiologic techniques based on ultrasound,magnetic resonance imaging and elastography have been used to assess liver fibrosis.Serum-based biomarkers of cirrhosis have also been developed.These are broadly classified into indirect and direct markers.Indirect biomarkers reflect liver function,which may decline with the onset of cirrhosis.Direct biomarkers,reflect extracellular matrix turnover,and include molecules involved in hepatic fibrogenesis.On the whole,radiologic and serum markers of fibrosis correlate well with biopsy scores,especially when excluding cirrhosis or excluding fibrosis.This feature is certainly clinically useful,and avoids liver biopsy in many cases. | Suraj Sharma Korosh Khalili Geoffrey Christopher Nguyen | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，45： | 28 |
| 9 | 2018加拿大心境障碍与焦虑障碍治疗协作组/国际双相障碍学会指南:双相障碍的管理显示文摘加拿大心境障碍与焦虑障碍治疗协作组(Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments,CANMAT)曾于2005年发布了第1版双相障碍管理指南,并分别于2007、2009和2013年对该指南进行了更新,其中最近的2次更新是与国际双相障碍学会(International Society for Bipolar Disorders,ISBD)合作完成。2018版CANMAT/ISBD双相障碍治疗指南(以下简称指南)反映了自2005年首版指南发表以来本领域取得的重大进展,包括疾病诊断与疾病管理的更新以及药物治疗与心理治疗的近期研究进展。这些前沿进展中综合考虑了循证证据的级别,并基于治疗疗效、临床实践经验、安全性、耐受性和药物导致的转相风险等,对一线、二线及三线治疗方案进行了简明而清晰的推荐。本指南中新增内容涵盖了双相Ⅰ型障碍(BD-Ⅰ)的躁狂发作急性期、抑郁发作急性期和双相障碍维持期的一线及二线治疗推荐等级划分。这种对治疗推荐等级的划分综合考虑了治疗方法对双相障碍不同时相的影响,将进一步帮助临床医生做出基于循证证据的治疗决策。锂盐、喹硫平、双丙戊酸盐、阿塞那平、阿立哌唑、帕利哌酮、利培酮和卡利拉嗪单药或联合使用被推荐为躁狂发作急性期的一线治疗选择。BD-Ⅰ抑郁期的一线治疗选择包括喹硫平、鲁拉西酮、锂盐、拉莫三嗪单药,鲁拉西酮联合锂盐或双丙戊酸盐或拉莫三嗪辅助治疗。尽管急性期治疗有效的药物通常应继续用于BD-Ⅰ的维持期治疗,但也存在一些特殊情况(例如抗抑郁药)。现有数据表明,锂盐、喹硫平、双丙戊酸盐、拉莫三嗪、阿塞那平和阿立哌唑单药或联合治疗应被视为维持治疗的初始或更换治疗方案时的一线选择。除了探讨BD-Ⅰ的相关问题外,本指南中还对双相Ⅱ型障碍(BD-Ⅱ)的临床管理进行了系统回顾并给予治疗推荐,同时针对特殊人群也有相关推荐,如处于各个生殖周期的女性、儿童、青少年和老年人。此外,本指南中还讨论了特定精神疾病及共病(如物质滥用、焦虑障碍和代谢性疾病)的影响。最后,本指南中概述了安全性和药物监测的相关问题。CANMAT/ISBD工作组希望本指南能够成为全球临床医生的实用工具。 | Lakshmi N Yatham Sidney H Kennedy Sagar V Parikh Ayal Sehaffer David J Bond Benicio N Frey Verinder Sharma Benjamin I Goldstein Soham Rej Serge Beaulieu Martin Alda Glenda MaeQueen Roumen V Milev Arun Ravindran Claire O'Donovan Diane Mclntosh Raymond W Lam Gustavo Vazquez Flavio Kapczinski Roger S Melntyre Jan Kozicky Shigenobu Kanba Beny Lafer Trisha Suppes Joseph R Calabrese Eduard Vieta Gin Malhi Robert M Post Michael Berk 胡晨(译) 王刚(译) | 2019 | 中华精神科杂志2019，52，1： | 25 |
| 10 | Power hardware in the loop validation of fault ride through of VSC HVDC connected offshore wind power plants显示文摘This paper presents the power hardware in the loop(PHIL)validation of a feed forward DC voltage control scheme for the fault ride through(FRT)of voltage source converter(VSC)high voltage DC(HVDC)connected offshore wind power plants(WPPs).In the proposed FRT scheme,the WPP collector network AC voltage is actively controlled by considering both the DC voltage error and the AC current from the WPP AC collector system which ensures fast and robust FRT of the VSC HVDC connected offshore WPPs.The PHIL tests were carried out in order to verify the efficacy of the proposed feed forward DC voltage control scheme for enhancing the FRT capability of the VSC HVDC connected WPPs.The PHIL test results have demonstrated the proper control coordination between the offshore WPP and the WPP side VSC and the efficient FRT of the VSC HVDC connected WPPs. | Ranjan SHARMA Qiuwei WU Seung Tae CHA Kim H.JENSEN Tonny W.RASMUSSEN JacobØSTEGAARD | 2014 | Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy2014，2，1： | 26 |
| 11 | 上海市在职教师融合教育自我效能感的调查研究显示文摘本研究采用Sharma等人编制的《教师融合教育自我效能感量表》以及《融合教育忧虑量表》对上海市110名特殊教育学校教师以及213名普通学校教师进行了调查,结果发现:两类教师对开展融合教育具有一定水平的自我效能感;特殊教育学校教师的自我效能感要高于普通学校教师;普通学校教师在开展融合教学以及与他人合作方面的自我效能感普遍低于特殊教育学校教师,但在行为管理方面,则与特殊教育学校教师没有差异;两类教师对开展融合教育抱有中等水平的忧虑,且融合教育自我效能感与其忧虑水平存在显著负相关,教师对开展残疾学生教学的自信心水平越高,则对融合教育的忧虑越少。教师融合教育忧虑程度对自我效能感的方差贡献率超过50%以上。 | 昝飞 刘春玲 王勉 Umesh Sharma | 2011 | 中国特殊教育2011，，5： | 22 |
| 12 | 阿托伐他汀对不稳定型心绞痛患者树突状细胞功能的影响显示文摘目的 研究不稳定型心绞痛患者 (UAP)树突状细胞 (DC)的功能及阿托伐他汀对其的影响。方法 将 2 7例UAP分为常规治疗组 (12例 )和常规加阿托伐他汀治疗组 (15例 ) ,分别于治疗前及治疗后 2周取血分离外周血单个核细胞 ,在含粒细胞巨噬细胞集落刺激因子和白细胞介素 (IL) 4的培养条件下制备DC。用流式细胞仪检测DC表面共刺激分子CD86(B7 2 )的表达 ;混合淋巴细胞反应(MLR)检测DC对同种异体T淋巴细胞的刺激能力 ;ELISA法测定MLR上清液中的细胞因子 ;探讨CD86表达与冠心病危险因素及C反应蛋白 (CRP)的相关性。结果 与正常对照组比较 ,UAP者DC表面CD86的表达明显增高 ;对T淋巴细胞刺激的能力增强 ;经DC刺激的淋巴细胞分泌致炎细胞因子(IL 1β ,IL 6 ,肿瘤坏死因子α)增多 ,抑炎细胞因子 (IL 10 )减少 ;用药前CD86的表达与血LDL C水平正相关 ;阿托伐他汀抑制DC功能的同时显著降低血CRP水平 ;且CD86与CRP水平正相关。结论 (1)UAP者DC的功能亢进 ,由此启动的T淋巴细胞的增殖和炎性细胞因子分泌可能是UAP者动脉斑块不稳定的原因 ,(2 )LDL C可能是其刺激因素 ;(3)阿托伐他汀抑制斑块炎症的机制之一是其对DC的抑制。 | 李大主 Sharma Ranjit 曾秋棠 田园 冯义柏 王祥 曹林生 | 2004 | 中华内科杂志2004，43，6： | 21 |
| 13 | 地震对地下洞室的破坏显示文摘本文扼要概括世界上一些地震对地下洞室影响的定性资料。资料中搜集了世界85次地震对地下洞室影响的192份报道,并把这些资料汇编成了数据库,用以确定地震可能影响地下工程的一些有意义的因素。其主要参数有:(1)破坏程度;(2)复盖层;(3)主要的岩石类型;(4)支衬形式(即内衬砌或坑道支撑);(5)地理位置;(6)相应地震的震级和震中距。本文的一个重要贡献是在峰值地面加速度、复盖层厚度与破坏程度之间相关关系的研究方面取得的新进展。这种关系为大量动力分析之前初步评价拟建地下建筑的稳定性创造了条件,而且还可以根据本文提供的定性资料迅速地评价现有地下设施的抗震性。 | Sunil Sharma Willian R.Judd 雷谦荣 | 1992 | 地下空间1992，12，4： | 21 |
| 14 | Differentiating Crohn's disease from intestinal tuberculosis显示文摘Differentiating Crohn's disease(CD) and intestinal tuberculosis(ITB) has remained a dilemma for most of the clinicians in the developing world, which are endemic for ITB, and where the disease burden of inflammatory bowel disease is on the rise. Although, there are certain clinical(diarrhea/hematochezia/perianal disease common in CD; fever/night sweats common in ITB), endoscopic(longitudinal/aphthous ulcers common in CD; transverse ulcers/patulous ileocaecal valve common in ITB), histologic(caseating/confluent/large granuloma common in ITB; microgranuloma common in CD), microbiologic(positive stain/culture for acid fast-bacillus in ITB), radiologic(long segment involvement/comb sign/skip lesions common in CD; necrotic lymph node/contiguous ileocaecal involvement common in ITB), and serologic differences between CD and ITB, the only exclusive features are caseation necrosis on biopsy, positive smear for acid-fast bacillus(AFB) and/or AFB culture, and necrotic lymph node on cross-sectional imaging in ITB. However,these exclusive features are limited by poor sensitivity, and this has led to the development of multiple multi-parametric predictive models. These models are also limited by complex formulae, small sample size and lack of validation across other populations. Several new parameters have come up including the latest Bayesian meta-analysis, enumeration of peripheral blood T-regulatory cells, and updated computed tomography based predictive score. However, therapeutic anti-tubercular therapy(ATT) trial, and subsequent clinical and endoscopic response to ATT is still required in a significant proportion of patients to establish the diagnosis. Therapeutic ATT trial is associated with a delay in the diagnosis of CD, and there is a need for better modalities for improved differentiation and reduction in the need for ATT trial. | Saurabh Kedia Prasenjit Das Kumble Seetharama Madhusudhan Siddhartha Dattagupta Raju Sharma Peush Sahni Govind Makharia Vineet Ahuja | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，4： | 19 |
| 15 | Implications of mitochondrial DNA mutations and mitochondrial dysfunction in tumorigenesis显示文摘在源于 mitochondrial 机能障碍的氧化 phosphorylation 的改变长被假设了涉及 tumorigenesis。线粒体最近被显示了在调整规划房间死亡和房间增长起一个重要作用。而且, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA ) 变化在各种各样的癌症房间被发现了。然而,在 tumorigenesis 的这些 mtDNA 变化的角色仍然保持大部分未知。这评论集中于基本 mitochondrial 遗传, mtDNA 变化和与癌症联系的结果的 mitochondrial 机能障碍。潜在的分子的机制,调停从 mtDNA 变化的致病和到 tumorigenesis 的 mitochondrial 机能障碍也被讨论。 | Jianxin Lu Lokendra Kumar Sharma Yidong Bai | 2009 | Cell Research2009，19，7： | 18 |
| 16 | Complications in the management of closed high-energy proximal tibial plateau fractures显示文摘 | Kavin Khatri Vijay Sharma Darsh Goyal Kamran Farooque | 2016 | Chinese Journal of Traumatology2016，19，6： | 18 |
| 17 | Systemic treatment strategies for triple-negative breast cancer显示文摘Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC) is defined by the lack of immunohistochemical expression of the estrogen and progesterone receptors and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(EGFR2). Most TNBC has a basal-like molecular phenotype by gene expression profiling and shares clinical and pathological features with hereditary BRCA1 related breast cancers. This review evaluates the activity of available chemotherapy and targeted agents in TNBC. A systematic review of PubM ed and conference databases was carried out to identify randomised clinical trials reporting outcomes in women with TNBC treated with chemotherapy and targeted agents. Our review identified TNBC studies of chemotherapy and targeted agents with different mechanisms of action, including induction of synthetic lethality and inhibition of angiogenesis, growth and survival pathways. TNBC is sensitive to taxanes and anthracyclins. Platinum agents are effective in TNBC patients with BRCA1 mutation, either alone or in combination with poly adenosine diphosphate polymerase 1 inhibitors. Combinations of ixabepilone and capecitabine have added to progression-free survival(PFS) without survival benefit in metastatic TNBC. Antiangiogenic agents, tyrosine kinase inhibitors and EGFR inhibitorsin combination with chemotherapy produced only modest gains in PFS and had little impact on survival. TNBC subgroups respond differentially to specific targeted agents. In future, the treatment needs to be tailored for a specific patient, depending on the molecular characteristics of their malignancy. TNBC being a chemosensitive entity, combination with targeted agents have not produced substantial improvements in outcomes. Appropriate patient selection with rationale combinations of targeted agents is needed for success. | Budhi Singh Yadav Suresh C Sharma Priyanka Chanana Swaty Jhamb | 2014 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2014，5，2： | 18 |
| 18 | Imaging evaluation of traumatic thoracolumbar spine injuries: Radiological review显示文摘Spine fractures account for a large portion of musculoskeletal injuries worldwide. A classification of spine fractures is necessary in order to develop a common language for treatment indications and outcomes. Several classification systems have been developed based on injury anatomy or mechanisms of action, but they have demonstrated poor reliability, have yielded little prognostic information, and have not been widely used. For this reason, the Arbeitsgemeinschaftfür Osteosynthesefragen(AO) committee has classified thorocolumbar spine injuries based on the pathomorphological criteria into3 types(A: Compression; B: Distraction; C: Axial torque and rotational deformity). Each of these types is further divided into 3 groups and 3 subgroups reflecting progressive scale of morphological damage and the degree of instability. Because of its highly detailed sub classifications, the AO system has shown limited interobserver variability. It is similar to its predecessors in that it does not incorporate the patient's neurologic status.The need for a reliable, reproducible, clinically relevant, prognostic classification system with an optimal balance of ease of use and detail of injury description contributed to the development of a new classification system, the thoracolumbar injury classification and severity score(TLICS). The TLICS defines injury based on three clinical characteristics: injury morphology, integrity of the posterior ligamentous complex, and neurologic status of the patient. The severity score offers prognostic information and is helpful in decision making about surgical vs nonsurgical management. | Shivanand Gamanagatti Deepak Rathinam Krithika Rangarajan Atin Kumar Kamran Farooque Vijay Sharma | 2015 | World Journal of Radiology2015，7，9： | 18 |
| 19 | Diffusion weighted imaging: Technique and applications显示文摘Diffusion weighted imaging(DWI) is a method of signal contrast generation based on the differences in Brownian motion. DWI is a method to evaluate the molecular function and micro-architecture of the human body. DWI signal contrast can be quantified by apparent diffusion coefficient maps and it acts as a tool for treatment respon-se evaluation and assessment of disease progression. Ability to detect and quantify the anisotropy of diffusion leads to a new paradigm called diffusion tensor imaging(DTI). DTI is a tool for assessment of the organs with highly organised fibre structure. DWI forms an integral part of modern state-of-art magnetic resonance imaging and is indispensable in neuroimaging and oncology. DWI is a field that has been undergoing rapid technical evolution and its applications are increasing every day. This review article provides insights in to the evolution of DWI as a new imaging paradigm and provides a summary of current role of DWI in various disease processes. | Vinit Baliyan Chandan J Das Raju Sharma Arun Kumar Gupta | 2016 | World Journal of Radiology2016，8，9： | 18 |
| 20 | Novel concepts in radiation-induced cardiovascular disease显示文摘Radiation-induced cardiovascular disease(RICVD) is the most common nonmalignant cause of morbidity and mortality among cancer survivors who have undergone mediastinal radiation therapy(RT).Cardiovascular complications include effusive or constrictive pericarditis,cardiomyopathy,valvular heart disease,and coronary/vascular disease.These are pathophysiologically distinct disease entities whose prevalence varies depending on the timing and extent of radiation exposure to the heart and great vessels.Although refinements in RT dosimetry and shielding will inevitably limit future cases of RICVD,the increasing number of long-term cancer survivors,including those treated with older higher-dose RT regimens,will ensure a steady flow of afflicted patients for the foreseeable future.Thus,there is a pressing need for enhanced understanding of the disease mechanisms,and improved detection methods and treatment strategies.Newly characterized mechanisms responsible for the establishment of chronic fibrosis,such as oxidative stress,inflammation and epigenetic modifications,are discussed and linked to potential treatments currently under study.Novel imaging modalities may serve as powerful screening tools in RICVD,and recent research and expert opinion advocating their use is introduced.Data arguing for the aggressive use of percutaneous interventions,such as transcutaneous valve replacement and drug-eluting stents,are examined and considered in the context of prior therapeutic approaches.RICVD and its treatment options are the subject of a rich and dynamic body of research,and patients who are at risk or suffering from this disease will benefit from the care of physicians with specialty expertise in the emerging field of cardiooncology. | Jason R Cuomo Gyanendra K Sharma Preston D Conger Neal L Weintraub | 2016 | World Journal of Cardiology2016，8，9： | 17 |
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