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| 1 | Silvicultural alternatives to conventional even-aged forest man-agement-what limits global adoption?显示文摘Background: The development of forestry as a scientific and management discipline over the last two centuries has mainly emphasized intensive management operations focused on increased commodity production, mostly wood. This 'conventional' forest management approach has typically favored production of even-aged, single-species stands. While alternative management regimes have generally received less attention, this has been changing over the last three decades, especially in countries with developed economies. Reasons for this change include a combination of new information and concerns about the ecological consequences of intensive forestry practices and a willingness on the part of many forest owners and society to embrace a wider set of management objectives. Alternative silvicultural approaches are characterized by a set of fundamental principles, including avoidance of clearcutting, an emphasis on structural diversity and small-scale variability, deployment of mixed species with natural regeneration,and avoidance of intensive site-preparation methods.Methods: Our compilation of the authors' experiences and perspectives from various parts of the world aims to initiate a larger discussion concerning the constraints to and the potential of adopting alternative silvicultural practices.Results: The results suggest that a wider adoption of alternative silvicultural practices is currently hindered by a suite of ecological, economic, logistical, informational, cultural, and historical constraints. Individual contexts display their own unique combinations and relative significance of these constraints, and accordingly, targeted efforts, such as regulations and incentives, may help to overcome specific challenges.Conclusions: In a broader context, we propose that less emphases on strict applications of principles and on stand structures might provide additional flexibility and facilitate the adoption of alternative silvicultural regimes in a broader set of circumstances. At the same time, the acceptance of alternative silvicultural systems as the 'preferred or default mode of management' wil necessitate and benefit from the continued development of the scientific basis and valuation of a variety of ecosystem goods and services. This publication is aimed to further the discussion in this context. | Klaus J Puettmann Scott McG Wilson Susan C Baker Pablo J Donoso Lars Dr?ssler Girma Amente Brian D Harvey Thomas Knoke Yuanchang Lu Susanna Nocentini Francis E Putz Toshiya Yoshida Jürgen Bauhus | 2015 | Forest Ecosystems2015，2，2： | 4 |
| 2 | Comparison between prototype hy- brid capture 3 and hybrid capture2 Human papillom avirus DNA assays for detection of high-grade cervical intraep ithelial neoplasia and cancer显示文摘 | Castle PE Lorincz AT Scott DR | 2003 | J ClinMicro2003，41，9： | 1 |
| 3 | Evidence - Based Clinical Practice concepts and approaches显示文摘 | John PG Richard AD Scott DR | 2000 | Butterworth-Heinemann2000，，： | 1 |
| 4 | Human leukocyte antigen class Ⅰ / Ⅱ alleles and development of human papillomavirus-related cervical neoplasla: results from a case-control study conducted in the United States显示文摘 | Hildesheim A Schiffman M Scott DR | 1998 | Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prey1998，7，11： | 1 |
| 5 | Renal vasculitis in Japan and the UK--are there differences in epidemiology and clinical phenotype?显示文摘 | Watts RA Scott DG Jayne DR | 2008 | Nephrol Dial Transplant2008，23，12： | 1 |
| 6 | Cost of endovascular versus open surgical repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms显示文摘 | Birch SE Stary DR Scott AR | 2000 | Aust N Z J Surg2000，70，： | 1 |
| 7 | Disparate de- grees of hypervariable loop flexibility control T-cell receptor cross- reactivity, specificity, and binding mechanism 显示文摘 | Scott DR Borbulevych OY Piepenbrink KH | 2011 | J Mol Biol2011，414，3： | 1 |
| 8 | The mechanism ofincreasing outflow facility by rho-kinase inhibition with Y-27632 in bovine eyes显示文摘 | Lu Z Overby DR Scott PA | 2008 | Exp Eye Res2008，86，2： | 1 |
| 9 | ASCUS rule HSIL:Cytologic features,histologic correlates,and human papillomavirus detection显示文摘 | Sherman ME Tabbara SO Scott DR | 1999 | Modern Pathol1999，12，4： | 1 |
| 10 | Human leukocyte antigen class Ⅰ/Ⅱ alleles and development of human papillomavirus-related cervical neoplasia:results from a case-control study conducted in the United States显示文摘 | Hildesheim A Schiffman M Scott DR | 1998 | J Cancer Epidmiol Biomarkers Prev1998，7，11： | 1 |
| 11 | The efficacy of arthroseopy following total knee replacement显示文摘 | Diduch DR Scudefi GR Scott WN | 1997 | Arthroscopy1997，13，： | 1 |
| 12 | Expression of the Helicobacter pylori ureI gene is required for acidic pH activation of cytoplasmic urease显示文摘 | Scott DR Marcus EA Weeks DL | | 0，，02： | 1 |
| 13 | Activation-induced apoptosis in lymphocytes显示文摘 | Green DR Scott D W | 1994 | Curr Opin Immunol1994，6，3： | 1 |
| 14 | The role of internal urease in acid resistance of Helicobacter pylori显示文摘 | Scott DR Weeks D Hong C | 1998 | Gastroenterology1998，114，1： | 1 |
| 15 | Comparison between proto- type Hybrid Capture 3 and Hybrid Capture 2 human paillomavrirus DNA assays for detection of high - grade cervical intraepithelial neo- plasia and cancer 显示文摘 | Castle PE Lorincz AT Scott DR | 2003 | J C]in Micro2003，41，9： | 1 |
| 16 | ASCUS rule HSIL:cytologic {eaures,histologic correlates,and human papillomavirus detection显示文摘 | Sherman ME Tabbara SO Scott DR | 1999 | Modern Pathol1999，12，： | 1 |
| 17 | The effects of biological and social risk factors on special education placement:birth weight and maternal education as an example显示文摘 | Hollomon HA Dobbins DR Scott KG | 1998 | Res Dev Disabil1998，19，3： | 1 |
| 18 | Baseline cytology, hman papillomavirus testing,and risk for cervical neoplasia:a 10-year cohort analysis显示文摘 | SHERMAN M E LORINCZ A T Scott DR | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 19 | NOS2A, TLR4, and IFN- GR1 interactions influence pulmonary tuberculosis susceptibili- ty in African-Americans显示文摘 | Velez DR Hulme WF Myers JL Weinberg JB Levesque MC Stryjewski ME Abbate E Estevan R Patillo SG Gil- bert JR Hamilton CD Scott WK | 2009 | Hum Genet2009，126，5： | 1 |
| 20 | 'ASCUS, rule out HSIL':cytologic features, histologic correlates and human papillornavirus detection显示文摘 | Sherman ME Tabbara SO Scott DR | 1999 | Mod Pathol1999，12，4： | 1 |
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