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| 1 | Current global trends in the incidence of pediatric-onset inflammatory bowel disease显示文摘AIM To perform a comprehensive review and provide an up-to-date synopsis of the incidence and trends of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD). METHODS We systematically searched the MEDLINE(source Pub Med), EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines(period: 1985-2018) to identify studies reporting population-based data on the incidence of pediatriconset(< 19 years at diagnosis) IBD in full manuscripts. Two authors carried out screening and data extraction. Choropleth interactive maps and temporal trends were used to illustrate the international differences and incidences of and changes in IBD and subtypes.RESULTS In total, one hundred forty studies reporting data from 38 countries were considered in this review. The highest annual pediatric incidences of IBD were 23/100000 person-years in Europe, 15.2/100000 in North America, and 11.4/100000 in Asia/the Middle East and Oceania. The highest annual incidences of Crohn's disease(CD) were 13.9/100000 in North America and 12.3/100000 in Europe. The highest annual incidences of ulcerative colitis(UC) were 15.0/100000 in Europe and 10.6/100000 in North America. The highest annual incidences of IBD-unclassified(IBD-U) were 3.6/100000 in Europe and 2.1/100000 in North America. In the time-trend analyses, 67% of CD, 46% of UC and 11% of IBD-U studies reported an increasing incidence(P < 0.05). The risk of IBD is increasing among firstgeneration of migrant populations.CONCLUSION Globally, the incidence of IBD varies greatly by geographical areas. The steadily increasing incidence of pediatric IBD over time indicates its emergence as a global disease, suggesting that studies should investigate the environmental risk factors among pediatric cohorts. | Josef Sykora Renta Pomahacov Marcela Kreslová Dominika Cvalínová Premysl Stych Jan Schwarz | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，25： | 27 |
| 2 | 3D打印技术在髋臼后壁骨折手术治疗中的应用显示文摘目的初步探讨3D打印技术在髋臼后壁骨折手术治疗中的应用效果。方法回顾性分析2014年1月至2015年4月收治的34例髋臼后壁骨折患者资料,男18例,女16例;年龄为21~65岁;骨折按Letournel.Judet分型:后壁骨折17例,后柱伴后壁骨折11例,横形伴后壁骨折6例。根据术前术中是否应用3D打印技术分为2组:3D技术组15例,男7例,女8例;平均年龄为(45.1±14.2)岁;常规组19例,男11例,女8例;平均年龄为(43.7±13.2)岁。3D技术组患者术前应用3D快速成型打印个体化骨折模型进行预手术,制定手术方案。所有患者均采用Kocher.Langenbeck入路AO微型联合重建接骨板内固定治疗。比较两组患者的手术时间、术中出血量、术中透视次数、骨折复位质量、末次随访时髋关节功能及术后并发症发生率等。结果34例患者术后获3~16个月(平均11.1个月)随访。3D技术组患者的手术时间【(83.2±13.5)min】较常规组患者[(96.8±13.1)min】短、术中出血量【(257.3±54.7)mL】和术中透视次数【(2.7±0.8)次】较常规组患者【(327.1±70.4)mL、(3.3±0.9)次】少,差异均有统计学意义(P〈0,05)。3D技术组和常规组患者术后骨折复位质量优良率分别为93.3%(14/15)、89.5%(17/19),末次随访时改良Merled’Aubign6和Postel评分平均分别为(16.2±1.6)、(16.0±1.5)分,术后并发症发生率分别为20.O%(3/15)、26.3%(5/19),差异均无统计学意义(P〉0.05)。结论3D打印技术可减少髋臼后壁骨折患者的手术时间、术中出血量及术中透视次数,是一种治疗髋臼后壁骨折的有效辅助手段。 | 王锋 汪国栋 Chao Xie 刘曦明 Edward M. Schwarz 蔡贤华 齐凤宇 钟炎军 | 2016 | 中华创伤骨科杂志2016，18，2： | 22 |
| 3 | Evolving concepts in bone infection: redefining “biofilm”,“acute vs. chronic osteomyelitis”, “the immune proteome” and “local antibiotic therapy”显示文摘Osteomyelitis is a devastating disease caused by microbial infection of bone. While the frequency of infection following elective orthopedic surgery is low, rates of reinfection are disturbingly high. Staphylococcus aureus is responsible for the majority of chronic osteomyelitis cases and is often considered to be incurable due to bacterial persistence deep within bone. Unfortunately, there is no consensus on clinical classifications of osteomyelitis and the ensuing treatment algorithm. Given the high patient morbidity,mortality, and economic burden caused by osteomyelitis, it is important to elucidate mechanisms of bone infection to inform novel strategies for prevention and curative treatment. Recent discoveries in this field have identified three distinct reservoirs of bacterial biofilm including: Staphylococcal abscess communities in the local soft tissue and bone marrow, glycocalyx formation on implant hardware and necrotic tissue, and colonization of the osteocyte-lacuno canalicular network(OLCN) of cortical bone. In contrast, S.aureus intracellular persistence in bone cells has not been substantiated in vivo, which challenges this mode of chronic osteomyelitis. There have also been major advances in our understanding of the immune proteome against S. aureus, from clinical studies of serum antibodies and media enriched for newly synthesized antibodies(MENSA), which may provide new opportunities for osteomyelitis diagnosis, prognosis, and vaccine development. Finally, novel therapies such as antimicrobial implant coatings and antibiotic impregnated 3D-printed scaffolds represent promising strategies for preventing and managing this devastating disease. Here, we review these recent advances and highlight translational opportunities towards a cure. | Elysia A. Masters Ryan P. Trombetta Karen L. de Mesy Bentley Brendan F Boyce Ann Lindley Gill Steven R. Gill Kohei Nishitani Masahiro Ishikawa Yugo Morita Hiromu Ito Sheila N. Bello-Irizarry Mark Ninomiya James D. Brodell Jr. Charles C. Lee Stephanie P. Hao Irvin Oh Chao Xie Hani A. Awad John L. Daiss John R. Owen Stephen L. Kates Edward M. Schwarz Gowrishankar Muthukrishnan | 2019 | Bone Research2019，7，3： | 19 |
| 4 | Interaction of δ-opioid Receptor with Membrane Transporters: Possible Mechanisms in Pain Suppression by Acupuncture显示文摘目的:研究阿片受体与神经递质转运蛋白和钠钾泵在针刺镇痛中的可能机制。方法:利用爪蟾卵母细胞所建立的异源性蛋白表达模型,通过基因显微注射技术,应用双电极电压钳方法检测所表达靶蛋白的跨膜稳态电流。结果:δ-阿片受体(DOR)与γ-氨基丁酸转运蛋白(GAT1)、谷氨酸转运蛋白(EAAC1)或钠钾泵共表达均可降低神经递质转运蛋白的活性,阿片受体的激活以不同方式影响转运蛋白的活性:1)GAT1活性被进一步抑制;2)EAAC1活性增强;3)钠钾泵被抑制会导致 DOR 对激动剂(DPDPE)的敏感性增加。结论:DOR 的激活可使突触间隙的 GABA 水平增加,而谷氨酸浓度减少,钠钾泵的抑制导致阿片受体激动剂的敏感性增加,我们认为内源性哇巴因可能放大了这些效应。这些协同性效应可能是痛觉抑制和/或针刺镇痛的分子机制。 | 杨智杰 鲍国斌 邓海平 杜慧明 顾全保 裴钢 濮璐 Wolfgang SCHWARZ 夏鹏 | 2008 | Journal of Acupuncture and Tuina Science2008，6，5： | 17 |
| 5 | 驾驶模拟技术在汽车智能技术研发中的应用综述显示文摘汽车智能技术已成为汽车技术进步的主要方向,极大地提高了汽车的安全性,并且也正改变着人们的出行与驾驶习惯。汽车智能技术包括主动安全技术、驾驶辅助技术和无人车技术。由于相关试验的调试次数频繁及风险系数较高,汽车智能技术在进入市场前,很难完全依赖于路上试验。得益于虚拟仿真技术的进步,作为一种安全、经济性好的汽车验证工具,驾驶模拟技术已经在汽车智能技术研发中日益受到重视。因此,对驾驶模拟技术在汽车智能技术研发过程中的应用现状进行技术综述,对驾驶模拟技术及汽车智能技术的发展都具有意义。伴随着汽车智能技术的发展,研究人员根据试验需求,已经开发出了多种形式的驾驶模拟器。为了更好地阐述驾驶模拟器的发展脉络,叙述了驾驶模拟技术的发展历程以及现阶段驾驶模拟器的主要类型与技术特点,分别对驾驶模拟技术在汽车主动安全、半主动驾驶和无人车等技术的研发过程中的应用情况展开了综述。对于汽车主动安全技术,主要关注于ESC(电子稳定控制)、AFS(主动转向技术)、行人保护技术、驾驶员监控技术、避撞安全技术等。对于在驾驶辅助系统上的应用,主要对自动巡航技术与车道线保持技术上的应用做了技术综述。对于在无人车技术发展中的应用,主要关注于无人车运动策略研究、无人车人机交互研究。 | 魏朗 田顺 Chris SCHWARZ 刘晶郁 | 2017 | 公路交通科技2017，34，12： | 14 |
| 6 | Efficacy of adjuvant XELOX and FOLFOX6 chemotherapy after D2 dissection for gastric cancer显示文摘AIM: To compare the efficacy of capecitabine and oxaliplatin (XELOX) with 5-fluorouracil, folinic acid and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX6) in gastric cancer patients after D2 dissection. METHODS: Between May 2004 and June 2010, patients in our gastric cancer database who underwent D2 dissection for gastric cancer at the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University were retrospectively analyzed. A total of 896 patients were enrolled into this study according to the established inclusion and exclusion criteria. Of these patients, 214 received the XELOX regimen, 48 received FOLFOX6 therapy and 634 patients underwent surgery only without chemotherapy. Overall survival was compared among the three groups using Cox regression and propensity score matchedpair analyses. RESULTS: Patients in the XELOX and FOLFOX6 groups were younger at the time of treatment (median age 55.2 years; 51.2 years vs 58.9 years), had more undifferentiated tumors (70.1%; 70.8% vs 61.4%), and more lymph node metastases (80.8%; 83.3% vs 57.7%), respectively. Overall 5-year survival was 57.3% in the XELOX group which was higher than that (47.5%) in the surgery only group (P = 0.062) and that (34.5%) in the FOLFOX6 group (P = 0.022). Multivariate analysis showed that XELOX therapy was an independent prognostic factor (hazard ratio = 0.564, P < 0.001). After propensity score adjustment, XELOX significantly increased overall 5-year survival compared to surgery only (58.2% vs 44.2%, P = 0.025) but not compared to FOLFOX6 therapy (48.5% vs 42.7%, P = 0.685). The incidence of grade 3/4 adverse reactions was similar between the XELOX and FOLFOX6 groups, and more patients suffered from hand-foot syndrome in the XELOX group (P = 0.018). CONCLUSION: Adjuvant XELOX therapy is associated with better survival in patients after D2 dissection, but does not result in a greater survival benefit compared with FOLFOX6 therapy. | Ying Wu Zhe-Wei Wei Yu-Long He Roderich E Schwarz David D Smith Guang-Kai Xia Chang-Hua Zhang | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，21： | 14 |
| 7 | Heat induces adenosine triphosphate release from mast cells in vitro:a putative mechanism for moxibustion显示文摘OBJECTIVE:To investigate the role of adenosine triphosphate(ATP) purinergic signaling in mast cells(MCs) modulated by heat to further understand the molecular mechanisms of moxibustion.METHODS:Skin temperatures induced by monkshood cake moxibustion were evaluated by measuring the Neiguan acupoint(PC 6) from 31 participants with a digital thermocouple thermometer.Temperatures of 43 ℃ and 52 ℃ were applied to cultured human leukemia mast cell line HMC-1 in vitro.Calcium fluorescence was applied to detect intracellular Ca^(2+)([Ca^(2+)]_i).Extracellular ATP contents were measured by luciferin-luciferase assay.RESULTS:Maximum skin temperatures mostly ranged from 40-45 ℃,but some reached up to50 ℃.Both 43 ℃,and 52 ℃ induced MC degranulation,which was accompanied by an increase in[Ca^(2+)]_i and ATP release.Complexing extracellular Ca^(2+) with 5 mM ethylene glycol-bis(β-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid(EGTA) inhibited the noxious heat-induced elevation of[Ca^(2+)]_i and prevented the enhanced ATP secretion by those cells at 52℃ but not 43 ℃.CONCLUSION:Monkshood cake moxibustion can generate heat sufficient to trigger cellular events of MCs,including degranulation,[Ca^(2+)]_i elevation,and ATP release,suggesting that purinergic signals originating from MCs are possibly the initiating response of acupoints to moxibustion. | Hu Lei Wang Lina Wei Jianzi Ryszard Grygorczyk Shen Xueyong Wolfgang Schwarz | 2015 | Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine2015，35，3： | 12 |
| 8 | DIDS blocks a chloride-dependent current that is mediated by the 2B protein of enterovirus 71显示文摘 | Shiqi Xie Kai Wang Wenjing Yu Wei Lu Ke Xu Jianwei Wang Bin Ye Wolfgang Schwarz Qi Jin Bing Sun | 2011 | Cell Research2011，21，8： | 11 |
| 9 | 祖母绿矿床显示文摘论述祖母绿矿床的地质 -矿物学特征。祖母绿矿床可划分为两种主要类型 :(1 )与花岗岩侵入体有关的祖母绿矿化作用 ;(2 )主要受地质构造控制的祖母绿成矿作用。对一些典型的祖母绿矿床的地质成因作了探讨。 | Schwarz,D. Giuliani,G. 朱雅莉 杨梅珍 | 2001 | 宝石和宝石学杂志2001，3，2： | 11 |
| 10 | Dental and periodontal phenotype in sclerostin knockout mice显示文摘Sclerostin is a Wnt signalling antagonist that controls bone metabolism.Sclerostin is expressed by osteocytes and cementocytes;however,its role in the formation of dental structures remains unclear.Here,we analysed the mandibles of sclerostin knockout mice to determine the influence of sclerostin on dental structures and dimensions using histomorphometry and micro-computed tomography(mCT)imaging.mCT and histomorphometric analyses were performed on the first lower molar and its surrounding structures in mice lacking a functional sclerostin gene and in wild-type controls.mCT on six animals in each group revealed that the dimension of the basal bone as well as the coronal and apical part of alveolar part increased in the sclerostin knockout mice.No significant differences were observed for the tooth and pulp chamber volume.Descriptive histomorphometric analyses of four wild-type and three sclerostin knockout mice demonstrated an increased width of the cementum and a concomitant moderate decrease in the periodontal space width.Taken together,these results suggest that the lack of sclerostin mainly alters the bone and cementum phenotypes rather than producing abnormalities in tooth structures such as dentin. | Ulrike Kuchler Uwe Y Schwarze Toni Dobsak Patrick Heimel Dieter D Bosshardt Michaela Kneissel Reinhard Gruber | 2014 | International Journal of Oral Science2014，6，2： | 7 |
| 11 | 甘草组织培养研究进展显示文摘 | 付玉杰 祖元刚 Gunter Schwarz 李春雁 | 2001 | 中医药信息2001，18，3： | 7 |
| 12 | Utilization of longitudinal ultrasound to quantify joint soft-tissue changes in a mouse model of posttraumatic osteoarthritis显示文摘To assess the utility of longitudinal ultrasound(US) to quantify volumetric changes in joint soft tissues during the progression of posttraumatic osteoarthritis(PTOA) in mice, and validate the US results with histological findings. A longitudinal cohort of 3-month-old wild-type C57 BL/6 male mice received the Hulth-Telhag surgical procedure on right knee to induce PTOA, and sham surgery on their left knee as control. US scans were performed on both knees before, 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks post-surgery. Joint space volume and Power-Doppler(PD) volume were obtained from US images via Amira software. A parallel cross-sectional cohort of mice was killed at each US time point, and knee joints were subjected to histological analysis to obtain synovial soft-tissue area and OARSI scores. The correlation between US joint space volume and histological synovial soft-tissue area or OARSI score was assessed via linear regression analysis. US images indicated increased joint space volume in PTOA joints over time, which was associated with synovial inflammation and cartilage damage by histology. These changes started from 2 weeks post-surgery and gradually became more severe. No change was detected in sham joints. Increased joint space volume was significantly correlated with increased synovial soft-tissue area and the OARSI score(P o 0.001). PD signal was detected in the joint space of PTOA joints at 6 weeks post-surgery, which was consistent with the location of blood vessels that stained positively for CD31 and alpha-smooth muscle actin in the synovium.This study indicates that US is a cost-effective longitudinal outcome measure of volumetric and vascular changes in joint soft tissues during PTOA progression in mice, which positively correlates with synovial inflammation and cartilage damage. | Hao Xu Echoe M Bouta Ronald W Wood Edward M Schwarz Yongjun Wang Lianping Xing | 2017 | Bone Research2017，5，3： | 7 |
| 13 | 美国国家卒中协会短暂性脑缺血发作处理指南显示文摘目的:短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)是常见和重要的卒中先兆。其处理方法多样,大多数发表的指南在近年来均未被更新。我们试图制定一个全面的、无偏倚的、循证的TIA处理指南。方法:根据一种客观标准(可以预测在该研究领域中执业医师对专家提名的文献测量学方法)挑选出15名专家组成员。通过系统回顾检索到过去发表的指南,由专家对其中的推荐意见的质量进行独立评价。选择出质量最高的推荐意见,然后让专家组采用改良Delphi法通过多次问卷调查的方式进行修订,从而对新的修改达成共识。给专家们提供近期临床研究的系统评价,要求专家根据新的证据判断措辞修改的合理性并且根据证据等级和质量对最终的推荐意见进行评定。不允许专家在预期有可能存在任何利益冲突的专题方面提出推荐意见。结果:通过系统回顾检索到257个指南,其中有13篇文献包括的137条推荐意见符合所有纳入标准。需要6次重复的问卷调查对53条最终推荐意见的措辞达成共识。最终的推荐意见涉及TIA的初步处理、评价、内科治疗、外科治疗和危险因素控制。结论:对TIA患者医疗诊治的最终推荐意见强调了紧急评价和治疗的重要性。这种用于制定本指南的新方法是可行的,考虑到了快速更新并能减少偏倚。 | S. Claiborne Johnston Mai N. Nguyen-Huynh Miriam E. Schwarz Kate Fuller Christina Williams S. Andrew Josephsort Graeme J. Hankey Robert G. Hart Steven R. Levine Jose Biller Robert D. Brown Ralph L. Sacco L. Jaap Kappelle Peter J. Koudstaal Julien Bogousslavsky Louis R. Caplan Jan van Gijn Ale Algra Peter M. Rothwell Harold P. Adams Gregory W. Albers 李海峰(译) | 2007 | 国际脑血管病杂志2007，15，3： | 5 |
| 14 | Predictors of re-hospitalization in patients with chronic heart failure显示文摘Heart failure (HF) is a chronic, progressive illness that is highly prevalent in the United States and worldwide. This morbid illness carries a very poor prognosis, and leads to frequent hospitalizations. Repeat hospitalization in HF is both largely burdensome to the patient and the healthcare system, as it is one of the most costly medical diagnoses among Medicare recipients. For years, investigators have strived to determine methods to reduce hospitalization rates of HF patients. Despite such efforts, recent reports indicate that rehospitalization rates remain persistently high, without any improvement over the past several years and thus, this topic clearly needs aggressive attention. We performed a key-word search of the literature for relevant citations. Published articles, limited to English abstracts indexed primarily in the PubMed database through the year 2011, were reviewed. This article discusses various clinical parameters, serum biomarkers, hemodynamic parameters, and psychosocial factors that have been reviewed in the literature as predictors of re-hospitalization of HF patients. With this information, ourhope is that the future holds better risk-stratification models that will allow providers to identify high-risk patients, and better customize effective interventions according to the needs of each individual HF patient. | Melody Zaya Anita Phan Ernst R Schwarz | 2012 | World Journal of Cardiology2012，4，2： | 5 |
| 15 | Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells migrate to healthy and damaged salivary glands following stem cell infusion显示文摘Xerostomia is a severe side effect of radiation therapy in head and neck cancer patients. To date, no satisfactory treatment option has been established. Because mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) have been identified as a potential treatment modality, we aimed to evaluate stem cell distribution following intravenous and intraglandular injections using a surgical model of salivary gland damage and to analyse the effects of MSC injections on the recruitment of immune cells. The submandibular gland ducts of rats were surgically ligated. Syngeneic adult MSCs were isolated, immortalised by simian virus 40(SV40) large T antigen and characterized by flow cytometry. MSCs were injected intravenously and intraglandularly. After 1, 3 and 7 days, the organs of interest were analysed for stem cell recruitment. Inflammation was analysed by immunohistochemical staining. We were able to demonstrate that, after intravenous injection, MSCs were recruited to normal and damaged submandibular glands on days 1, 3 and 7. Unexpectedly, stem cells were recruited to ligated and non-ligated glands in a comparable manner. After intraglandular injection of MSCs into ligated glands, the presence of MSCs, leucocytes and macrophages was enhanced, compared to intravenous injection of stem cells. Our data suggest that injected MSCs were retained within the inflamed glands, could become activated and subsequently recruited leucocytes to the sites of tissue damage. | Silke Schwarz Ralf Huss Michaela Schulz-Siegmund Breda Vogel Sven Brandau Stephan Lang Nicole Rotter | 2014 | International Journal of Oral Science2014，6，3： | 5 |
| 16 | Plastid genome sequences of legumes reveal parallel inversions and multiple losses of rps16 in papilionoids显示文摘迄今为止,荚的公开可得到的质体染色体通常被限制了到亚科 Papilionoideae。这里,我们报导跨越所有三个亚科的荚的 13 个新质体染色体。代表 Caesalpinioideae 和 Mimosoideae 的染色体高度在基因内容和基因顺序被保存,类似于祖先的被子植物染色体组织。然而,在 Papilionoideae 以内的染色体首先在大单个拷贝区域在九个 intergenic 分隔符由于删除减少了尺寸。我们的学习也显示 rps16 独立地在荚被失去了至少五次,与在 papilionoids 之中散布的另外的基因和 intron 损失。另外,从在 papilionoids, Lupinus 和 Robinia 以内的二个不同的系的类,分别地有 36 和 39 kb 的平行倒置。当它看起来被 29 bp 重复在二 trnS 基因以内引起,这平行倒置是新奇的。这次重复在显示为在更多的种类在场的这倒置有潜力的所有可得到的荚质体染色体是在场的。homoplasious 倒置的这个案例也是一些倒置事件不能是可靠种系发生的标记的证据。 | Erika N. Schwarz Tracey A. Ruhlman Jamal S. M. Sabir Nahid H. Hajrah Njud S. Alharbi Abdulrahman L. AI-Malki C. Donovan Bailey Robert K. Jansen | 2015 | Journal of Systematics and Evolution2015，53，5： | 5 |
| 17 | Flexibility in the order of action and in the enzymology of the nuclease, polymerases, and ligase of vertebrate non-homologous DNA end joining: relevance to cancer, aging, and the immune system显示文摘加入的 Nonhomologous 脱氧核糖核酸结束(NHEJ ) 是为在人的房间并且在多细胞的优核质的双海滨脱氧核糖核酸裂缝的修理的主要小径。双海滨裂缝的原因经常碎裂在损坏的地点的脱氧核糖核酸,导致在那里的信息的损失。NHEJ 不恢复失去的信息并且可以将切除另外的核苷酸在修理过程期间。修理大量 overhang 并且损坏配置的能力反映 NHEJ 的核酸酶,聚合酶,和连接酶的灵活性。单个部件的灵活性也解释 NHEJ 能在修理脱氧核糖核酸结束的任何给定的对的方法的大数字。局部地,在 NHEJ 的地点,修理可以贡献癌症和老化的信息的损失,而是由 NHEJ 的行动保证染色体的全部片断没被失去。 | Michael R Lieber Haihui Lu Jiafeng Gu Klaus Schwarz | 2008 | Cell Research2008，18，1： | 5 |
| 18 | 用于针刺穴位研究的结缔组织片模型显示文摘目的:先前研究发现,穴区功能与穴区结缔组织结构有密切关系,本文旨在建立基于穴区原位组织上的膜片钳研究方法。方法:急性分离出SD大鼠'后三里'穴皮下结缔组织,并安置在含有孵育液的浴槽内。组织片内肥大细胞可用甲苯胺蓝或中性红进行标记。在膜片钳实验中,通过记录电极对组织片内原位肥大细胞施加-30、-60和-90 cmH2O的负压刺激,并记录细胞上机械激活性全细胞电流。结果:制备的皮下结缔组织片标本经甲苯胺蓝或中性红染色显示,肥大细胞散在分布于组织片中的基质中。肥大细胞脱颗粒现象也能通过染色清晰可见。膜片钳记录表明穴区组织片肥大细胞的全细胞电流随着机械负压的施加而增大。结论:大鼠穴区皮下结缔组织片原位肥大细胞全细胞电流能被机械刺激激活。结合显微技术和电生理技术,大鼠'后三里'穴区皮下结缔组织片可以做为研究针刺效应外周机制的一种模型,并提示穴位肥大细胞可能参与针刺过程中机械信号的转导。该模型也可为今后进一步在细胞水平上研究穴位中细胞、胶原纤维、蛋白多糖等各成分的特性及其之间的相互作用提供基础。 | 汪丽娜 Wolfgang Schwarz 顾全保 丁光宏 | 2009 | 针刺研究2009，34，5： | 5 |
| 19 | 巴基斯坦橄榄石宝石学及矿物谱学特征研究显示文摘采用常规宝石学仪器并结合电子探针、激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱仪、(显微)红外光谱仪、紫外-可见吸收光谱以及拉曼光谱仪等测试方法,对巴基斯坦橄榄石进行了常规宝石学、化学成分和谱学特征等研究,并探讨了其产地鉴别方法和依据。结果表明,巴基斯坦橄榄石含有针状'硼镁铁矿-硼铁矿'、点状磁铁矿等特征矿物包裹体组合;与美国、中国、埃塞俄比亚、越南、马达加斯加等地所产的橄榄石相比,巴基斯坦橄榄石的微量化学元素组成相对富Li、B、Sc,贫Zn、Cu,同时V/Sc值偏低;巴基斯坦橄榄石红外吸收光谱中普遍存在的3580 cm-1附近吸收谱带与[Si]=(4H)_(Si)^(X)替代机制有关,指示其晶体中含有一定量的结构水;紫外-可见吸收光谱中的380、450、490、635 nm附近强吸收峰分别与O^(2)-→Fe^(3+)电荷转移带,Fe^(3+)的^(6)A1→^(4)A1+^(4)E(^(4)G)电子跃迁和Fe^(2+)的^(5)T_(2g)→^(3)T_(2g)、^(5)T_(2g)→^(3)T_(1g)电子跃迁有关。综合分析认为,包裹体、微量化学成分和结构水致红外吸收谱带特征组合可视为巴基斯坦橄榄石的产地鉴别依据。 | 阮维迪 周征宇 DIETMAR Schwarz 杨萧亦 陈彦宇 刘奕岑 | 2021 | 岩石矿物学杂志2021，40，3： | 5 |
| 20 | 牙裂综合征的诊断、治疗及预防显示文摘许多解剖、物理及医源性因素如:深窝沟、口腔内温度变化、窝洞预备设计不良和充填材料选择不当都可导致后牙出现牙裂综合征。牙裂综合征通常伴有一些特异症状。不易被诊断,症状可持续多年。牙劈裂或折裂主要发生在上颌磨牙、前磨牙和下颌磨牙,它是发达国家人群中导致缺牙的第三大原因。本研究显示:牙裂综合征有较重要的临床意义:对于易发生牙裂综合征的牙齿可用覆盖牙尖的铸造修复体或用粘接陶瓷修复体做牙齿内夹板等方法加固修复。 | Werner Geurtsen Thomas Schwarze Huesamettin Gtinay 王丽华(译) 张清(校) 王嘉德(校) | 2006 | 中国口腔医学继续教育杂志2006，9，3： | 5 |
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