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| 1 | Blood glucose response after oral intake of lactulose in healthy volunteers:A randomized,controlled,cross-over study显示文摘AIM To investigate possible changes of blood glucose levels after oral intake of lactulose in healthy subjects.METHODS The study was performed as prospective, randomized, two-part study with 4-way cross-over design with n = 12 in each study arm. Capillary blood glucose levels were determined over a time period of 180 min after intake of a single dose of 10 g or 20 g lactulose provided as crystal or liquid formulation. During the manufacturing process of lactulose, impurities with sugars(e.g., lactose, fructose, galactose) occur. Water and 20 g glucose were used as control and reference. Because lactulose is used as a functional food ingredient, it may also be consumed by people with impaired glucose tolerance, including diabetics. Therefore, it is of interest to determine whether the described carbohydrate impurities may increase blood glucose levels after ingestion. RESULTS The blood glucose concentration-time curves after intake of 10 g lactulose, 20 g lactulose, and water were almost identical. None of the three applications showed any changes in blood glucose levels. After intake of 20 g glucose, blood glucose concentration increased by approximately 3 mmol/L(mean Cmax = 8.3 mmol/L), reaching maximum levels after approximately 30 min and returning to baseline within approximately 90 min, which was significantly different to the corresponding 20 g lactulose formulations(P < 0.0001). Comparing the two lactulose formulations, crystals and liquid, in the dosage of 10 g and 20 g, there was no difference in the blood glucose profile and calculated pharmacokinetic parameters despite the different amounts of carbohydrate impurities(1.5% for crystals and 26.45% for liquid). Anyhow, the absolute amount of single sugars was low with 0.3 g in crystals and 5.29 g in liquid formulation in the 20 g dosages. Lactulose was well tolerated by most volunteers, and only some reported mild to moderate mainly gastrointestinal side effects. CONCLUSION The unchanged blood glucose levels after lactulose intake in healthy subjects suggest its safe use in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance. | Jasmin Steudle Christiane Schon Manfred Wargenau Lioba Pauly Susann Schwejda-Güttes Barbara Gaigg Angelika Kuchinka-Koch John F Stover | 2018 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics2018，9，3： | 4 |
| 2 | Intravenous vs intraperitoneal mesenchymal stem cells administration:What is the best route for treating experimental colitis?显示文摘AIM:To investigate the therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)transplanted intraperitoneally andintravenously in a murine model of colitis.METHODS:MSCs were isolated from C57BL/6 mouse adipose tissue.MSC cultures were analyzed according to morphology,cellular differentiation potential,and surface molecular markers.Experimental acute colitis was induced in C57BL/6 mice by oral administration of2%dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)in drinking water ad libitum from days 0 to 7.Colitis mice were treated with1×106 MSCs via intraperitoneal or intravenous injection on days 2 and 5.The disease activity index was determined daily based on the following parameters:weight loss,stool consistency and presence of blood in the feces and anus.To compare morphological and functional differences in tissue regeneration between different MSC injection modalities,mice were euthanized on day 8,and their colons were examined for length,weight,and histopathological changes.Inflammatory responses were determined by measuring the levels of different serum cytokines using a CBA Th1/Th2/Th17 kit.Apoptotic rates were evaluated by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated d UDPbiotin nick end labeling assay.RESULTS:Intravenous infusion of MSCs was more effective than intraperitoneal treatment(P<0.001)in reducing the clinical and histopathologic severity of colitis,which includes weight loss,diarrhea and inflammation.An histological evaluation demonstrated decreased colonic inflammation based on reduced crypt loss and reduced infiltration of inflammatory cells.This therapeutic effect was most likely mediated by the down-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines[interleukin(IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)];and by the up-regulation of anti-inflammatory cytokines(IL-10 and IL-4).Intravenous transplantation alsoinduced high levels of IFN that lead to activation of the immunosuppressive activity of the MSCs,which did not occur with intraperitoneal transplantation(P=0.006).An increase in apoptotic T cells was observed after intravenous,but not intraperitoneal,MSC infusion,suggesting that MSCs can induce apoptosis in resistant T cells in colonic inflammation(P=0.027).CONCLUSION:Our results demonstrate that intravenous treatment is a superior method for reducing colon inflammation compared with intraperitoneal therapy. | Fabiany da Costa Goncalves Natália Schneider Fernanda Otesbelgue Pinto Fabíola Schons Meyer Fernanda Visioli Bianca Pfaffenseller Patrícia Luciana da Costa Lopez Eduardo Pandolfi Passos Elizabeth Obino Cirne-Lima Luíse Meurer Ana Helena Paz | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，48： | 4 |
| 3 | Effect of thrombectomy on oedema progression and clinical outcome in patients with a poor collateral profile显示文摘Background and purpose The impact of the cerebral collateral circulation on lesion progression and clinical outcome in ischaemic stroke is well established.Moreover,collateral status modifies the effect of endovascular treatment and was therefore used to select patients for therapy in prior trials.The purpose of this study was to quantify the effect of vessel recanalisation on lesion pathophysiology and clinical outcome in patients with a poor collateral profile.Materials and methods 129 patients who had an ischaemic stroke with large vessel occlusion in the anterior circulation and a collateral score(CS)of 0-2 were included.Collateral profile was defined using an established 5-point scoring system in CT angiography.Lesion progression was determined using quantitative lesion water uptake measurements on admission and follow-up CT(FCT),and clinical outcome was assessed using modified Rankin Scale(mRS)scores after 90 days.Results Oedema formation in FCT was significantly lower in patients with vessel recanalisation compared with patients with persistent vessel occlusion(mean 19.5%,95%CI:17%to 22%vs mean 27%,95%CI:25%to 29%;p<0.0001).In a multivariable linear regression analysis,vessel recanalisation was significantly associated with oedema formation in FCT(ß=−7.31,SD=0.015,p<0.0001),adjusted for CS,age and Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score(ASPECTS).Functional outcome was significantly better in patients following successful recanalisation(mRS at day 90:4.5,IQR:2-6 vs 5,IQR:5-6,p<0.001).Conclusion Although poor collaterals are known to be associated with poor outcome,endovascular recanalisation was still associated with significant oedema reduction and comparably better outcome in this patient group.Patients with poor collaterals should not generally be excluded from thrombectomy. | Gabriel Broocks Andre Kemmling Tobias Faizy Rosalie McDonough Noel Van Horn Matthias Bechstein Lukas Meyer Gerhard Schon Jawed Nawabi Jens Fiehler Helge Kniep Uta Hanning | 2021 | Stroke & Vascular Neurology2021，6，2： | 2 |
| 4 | Navigational maxillofacial surgery using virtual models 显示文摘 | HOHLWEG-MAJERT B SCHON R SCHMELZEISEN R | 2005 | World J Surg2005，29，12： | 1 |
| 5 | P-selectin:a common therapeutic target for cardiovascular disorders,inflammation and turnout metastasis 显示文摘 | Ludwig RJ Schon MP Boehncke WH | 2007 | Expert Opin Ther Targets2007，11，8： | 1 |
| 6 | Psoriasis显示文摘 | Schon MP Boehncke WH | 2005 | N Engl J Med2005，352，18： | 1 |
| 7 | Mitochondrial DNA mutations and pathogenesis 显示文摘 | Schon EA Bonilla E DiMauro S | 1997 | J Bioenerg Biomembr1997，29，： | 1 |
| 8 | 显示文摘 | Kurlerg G Haglind E Schon K | 2000 | Scand J Immunol2000，51，3： | 1 |
| 9 | A light- emitting field-effect transistor 显示文摘 | Schon J H Dodabalapur A Kloc Ch | 2000 | Science2000，290，： | 1 |
| 10 | Antiviral activity ofAustralian tea tree oil and eucalyptus oil against herpes simplexvims in cellculture显示文摘 | SCHNITZLER P SCHON K REICHLING J | 2001 | Pharmazie2001，56，4： | 1 |
| 11 | Mitochondrial disorders in the nervous system显示文摘 | DiMauro S Schon EA | 2008 | Annu Rev Neurosci2008，31，： | 1 |
| 12 | System identification of nonlinear state - space models 显示文摘 | T B Schon Adrian Wills Brett Ninness | 2011 | Automatica2011，47，： | 1 |
| 13 | Prologue:Toward a comprehensive theory of management显示文摘 | ARGYRIS C SCHON D PUTNAM R | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 14 | MSNA during prolonged post - faint hypotension 显示文摘 | Rozenberg J Wieling W Schon IK | 2012 | Clin Auton Res2012，22，4： | 1 |
| 15 | Salvage of occluded autologous arteriovenous fistulae 显示文摘 | Schon D Mishler R | 2000 | Am J Kidney Dis2000，36，4： | 1 |
| 16 | Treatement of displaced femoral neck fractures: a randmized minimum 5-year follow-up study of screws thd bipolar hemiprostheses in 100 patients显示文摘 | Roden M Schon M Fredin H | 2003 | Acta Orthop Scand2003，1，： | 1 |
| 17 | Mitochondrial respiratory-chain diseases显示文摘 | Schon EA | 2003 | N Engl J Med2003，348，26： | 1 |
| 18 | Surgical management,prognostic factors,and outcome in hepatic trauma显示文摘 | Ott R Schon MR Seidel R | 2005 | Unfall Chirurg2005，108，2： | 1 |
| 19 | Blade plate compared withlocking plate for tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis:a cadaver study显示文摘 | Chodos MD Parks BG Schon LC | 2008 | Foot Ankle Int2008，29，： | 1 |
| 20 | Neue Wege zur Modifizierung von ungesattigten Polymeren显示文摘 | Holtschmidt H Pampus G Schon N | 1967 | Die Macromolek Chem1967，101，3： | 1 |
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