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| 1 | Direct-fed microbes: A tool for improving the utilization of low quality roughages in ruminants显示文摘For many years, ruminant nutritionists and microbiologists have been interested in manipulating the microbial ecosystem of the rumen to improve production efficiency of different ruminant species. Removal and restriction of antibiotics subtherapeutic uses from ruminant diets has amplified interest in improving nutrient utilization and animal performance and search for more safe alternatives. Some bacterial and fungal microorganisms as a direct-fed microbial(DFM) can be the most suitable solutions. Microorganisms that are commonly used in DFM for ruminants may be classified mainly as lactic acid producing bacteria(LAB), lactic acid utilizing bacteria(LUB), or other microorganism's species like Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Enterococcus, Streptococcus, Bacillus, Propionibacterium, Megasphaera elsdenii and Prevotellabryantii, in addition to some fungal species of yeast such as Saccharomyces and Aspergillus. A definitive mode of action for bacterial or fungal DFM has not been established; although a variety of mechanisms have been suggested. Bacterial DFM potentially moderate rumen conditions, and improve weight gain and feed efficiency. Fungal DFM may reduce harmful oxygen from the rumen, prevent excess lactate production, increase feed digestibility, and alter rumen fermentation patterns. DFM may also compete with and inhibit the growth of pathogens, immune system modulation, and modulate microbial balance in the gastrointestinal tract. Improved dry matter intake, milk yield, fat corrected milk yield and milk fat content were obtained with DFM administration. However, the response to DFM is not constant; depending on dosages, feeding times and frequencies, and strains of DFM. Nonetheless, recent studies have supported the positive effects of DFM on ruminant performance. | Mona M Y Elghandour Abdelfattah Z M Salem Jose S Martínez Castaeda Luis M Camacho Ahmed E Kholif Juan C Vázquez Chagoyán | 2015 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2015，14，3： | 7 |
| 2 | Effects of cellulase and xylanase enzymes mixed with increasing doses of Salix babylonica extract on in vitro rumen gas production kinetics of a mixture of corn silage with concentrate显示文摘An in vitro gas production(GP) technique was used to investigate the effects of combining different doses of Salix babylonica extract(SB) with exogenous fibrolytic enzymes(EZ) based on xylanase(X) and cellulase(C), or their mixture(XC; 1:1 v/v) on in vitro fermentation characteristics of a total mixed ration of corn silage and concentrate mixture(50:50, w/w) as substrate. Four levels of SB(0, 0.6, 1.2 and 1.8 m L g–1 dry matter(DM)) and four supplemental styles of EZ(1 μL g–1 DM; control(no enzymes), X, C and XC(1:1, v/v) were used in a 4×4 factorial arrangement. In vitro GP(m L g–1 DM) were recorded at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 24, 36, 48 and 72 h of incubation. After 72 h, the incubation process was stopped and supernatant p H was determined, and then filtered to determine dry matter degradability(DMD). Fermentation parameters, such as the 24 h gas yield(GY24), in vitro organic matter digestibility(OMD), metabolizable energy(ME), short chain fatty acid concentrations(SCFA), and microbial crude protein production(MCP) were also estimated. Results indicated that there was a SB?EZ interaction(P<0.0001) for the asymptotic gas production(b), the rate of gas production(c), GP from 6 to 72 h, GP2(P=0.0095), and GP4(P=0.02). The SB and different combination of enzymes supplementation influenced(P<0.001) in vitro GP parameters after 12 h of incubation; the highest doses of SB(i.e., 1.8 m L g–1 DM), in the absence of any EZ, quadratically increased(P<0.05) the initial delay before GP begins(L) and GP at different incubation times, with lowering b(quadratic effect, P<0.0001) and c(quadratic effect, P<0.0001; linear effect, P=0.0018). The GP was the lowest(P<0.05) when the highest SB level was combined with cellulose. There were SB?EZ interactions(P<0.001) for OMD, ME, the partitioning factor at 72 h of incubation(PF72), GY24, SCFA, MCP(P=0.0143), and p H(P=0.0008). The OMD, ME, GY24 and SCFA with supp lementation of SB extract at 1.8 m L g–1 DM were higher(P<0.001) than the other treatments, however,PF72 was lower(quadratic effect, P=0.0194) than the other levels. Both C and X had no effect(P>0.05) on OMD, p H, ME, GY24, SCFA and MP. The combination of SB with EZ increased(P<0.001) OMD, ME, SCFA, PF72 and GP24, whereas there was no impact on p H. It could be concluded that addition of SB extract, C, and X effectively improved the in vitro rumen fermentation, and the combination of enzyme with SB extract at the level of 1.2 m L g–1 was more effective than the other treatments. | Abdelfattah Z M Salem German Buendía-Rodríguez Mona M M Elghandour María A Mariezcurrena Berasain Francisco J Pea Jiménez Alberto B Pliego Juan C V Chagoyán María A Cerrillo Miguel A Rodríguez | 2015 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2015，14，1： | 4 |
| 3 | Inter-ethnic marriages and severity of coronary artery disease:A multicenter study of Arabian Gulf States显示文摘AIM To assess the association of inter-ethnic vs intra-ethnic marriage with severity of coronary artery disease(CAD) in men undergoing angiography.METHODS We conducted a prospective multicenter,multi-ethnic,cross sectional observational study at five hospitals in Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates,in which we used logistic regression analysis with and without adjustment for baseline differences. RESULTS Data were collected for 1068 enrolled patients undergoing coronary angiography for clinical indications during the period of April 1^(st),2013 to March 30^(th),2014. Ethnicities of spouses were available only for male patients. Of those enrolled,687 were married men and constituted the cohort for the present analysis. Intra-ethnic marriages were reported in 70% and inter-ethnic marriages in 30%. After adjusting for baseline differences,interethnic marriage was associated with lower odds of having significant CAD [adjusted odds ratio 0.52(95%CI:0.33,0.81)] or multi-vessel disease(MVD) [adjusted odds ratio 0.57(95%CI:0.37,0.86)]. The adjusted association with left main disease showed a similar trend,but was not statistically significant [adjusted odds ratio 0.74(95%CI:0.41,1.32)]. The association between interethnic marriage and the presence of significant CAD and MVD was not modified by number of concurrent wives(P interaction > 0.05 for both).CONCLUSION Among married men undergoing coronary angiography,inter-ethnic,as compared to intra-ethnic,marriage is associated with lower odds of significant CAD and MVD. | Amin Daoulah Salem Al-kaabi Amir Lotfi Mushabab Al-Murayeh S Ali Nasseri Waleed Ahmed Salah N Al-Otaibi Mohamed N Alama Osama E Elkhateeb Amy J Plotkin Majed M Malak Khalid Alshali Mohamed Hamzi Saleh Al Khunein Mohammed Abufayyah Alawi A Alsheikh-Ali | 2017 | World Journal of Cardiology2017，9，4： | 2 |
| 4 | Multiplex nested RT-PCR for the detection of porcine enteric viruses显示文摘 | Ben Salem A N Chupin Sergei A Bjadovskaya Olga P | 2010 | J Virol Meth2010，165，2： | 1 |
| 5 | Plasticity of Mouse Brain Docosahexaenoic Acid:Modulation by Diet and Age 显示文摘 | Morignchi T Haranma A Salem N | 2013 | Lipids2013，48，4： | 1 |
| 6 | High-Dose Split-Course Radiation Therapy for Anal Cancer: Outcome Analysis Regarding the Boost Strategy (CORS-03 Study)显示文摘 | Jean-Michel Hannoun-Levi Cécile Ortholan Michel Resbeut Eric Teissier Philippe Ronchin Didier Cowen Audrey Zaccariotto Karen Bénézery Eric Fran?ois Naji Salem Steve Ellis David Azria Jean-Pierre Gerard | 2011 | International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics2011，，3： | 1 |
| 7 | Sensitive kinetic speetrophotometric determination of captopril and ethamsylate in pharmaceutical preparations and biological fluids显示文摘 | EL-SHABRAWY Y EL-ENANY N SALEM K | 2004 | IL Farmaco2004，59，10： | 1 |
| 8 | Hepatitis C virus infection in Lebanese patients with B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma 显示文摘 | Salem Z Nuwaiyri-Salti N Ramlawi F | 2003 | Eur J Epidemiol2003，18，： | 1 |
| 9 | Standardized method for the determination of human erythrocyte membrane adenosine triphosphatases显示文摘 | Reinila M MacDonald E Salem N | 1982 | Analytical Biochemistry1982，124，： | 1 |
| 10 | Simulation of 3D velocity and concentration profiles in a packed bed ab- sorber by lattice Boltzmann methods 显示文摘 | Manjhi N Verma N Salem K | 2006 | Chemical En- gineering Science2006，61，23： | 1 |
| 11 | Resistance to freezing and thawing of recycled aggregate concrete 显示文摘 | Salem R M Burdette E G Jackson N M | 2003 | ACI Materials Journal2003，100，3： | 1 |
| 12 | Radiotherapy and immedi-ate two-stage breast reconstruction with a tissue expander and im-plant:complications and esthetic results显示文摘 | Salem N Moutardier V | 2003 | Int J Radiati Oneol Biol Phys2003，57，1： | 1 |
| 13 | Separation of lipid classes by solid phase extrac-tion显示文摘 | Kim H Y Salem N | 1990 | Journal of lipid research1990，31，12： | 1 |
| 14 | Silicoproteinosis: a specific clinical and radiological entity显示文摘 | Racil H Ben Salem N Chaouch N | 2012 | Revue des maladies respiratoires2012，29，9： | 1 |
| 15 | Egg yolk as a source of long-chain polyunsatured fatty acids in infant feeding显示文摘 | Simopoulos A P Salem N | 1991 | Am J Clin Nutr1991，55，： | 1 |
| 16 | a - lino- lenic acid supplementation and conversion to n -3 long- chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in humans 显示文摘 | BRENNA J T SALEM N SINCLAIR A J | 2009 | Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids2009，80，2： | 1 |
| 17 | Essentiality of and recommended dietary intakes for n-6 and n-3 fatty adds显示文摘 | Simopoulos AP Leaf A Salem Jr N | 1999 | Ann Nutr Metab1999，43，： | 1 |
| 18 | Resistance to freezing and thawing of recycled aggregate concrete显示文摘 | Salem R M Burdette E G Jackson N M | 2003 | ACI Materials Journal2003，100，3： | 1 |
| 19 | Securing wireless mesh networks显示文摘 | SALEM N B HUBAUX J P | 2006 | IEEE Wireless Communications2006，13，2： | 1 |
| 20 | Application of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy for quantitative analysis of miconazole, metronidazole and sulfamethoxazole in pharmaceutical and urine samples 显示文摘 | Salem A A Mossa H A Barsoum B N | 2006 | J Pharm Biomed Anal2006，41，2： | 1 |
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