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| 1 | Irritable bowel syndrome: Pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, and evidence-based medicine显示文摘Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)is a chronic and debilitating functional gastrointestinal disorder that affects9%-23%of the population across the world.The percentage of patients seeking health care related to IBS approaches 12%in primary care practices and is by far the largest subgroup seen in gastroenterology clinics.It has been well documented that these patients exhibit a poorer quality of life and utilize the health care system to a greater degree than patients without this diagnosis.The pathophysiology of IBS is not clear.Many theories have been put forward,but the exact cause of IBS is still uncertain.According to the updated ROMEⅢcriteria,IBS is a clinical diagnosis and presents as one of the three predominant subtypes:(1)IBS with constipation(IBS-C);(2)IBS with diarrhea(IBS-D);and(3)mixed IBS(IBS-M);former ROME definitions refer to IBS-M as alternating IBS(IBS-A).Across the IBS subtypes,the presentation of symptoms may vary among patients and change over time.Patients report the most distressing symptoms to be abdominal pain,straining,myalgias,urgency,bloating and feelings of serious illness.The complexity and diversity of IBS presentation makes treatment difficult.Although there are reviews and guidelines for treating IBS,they focus on the efficacy of medications for IBS symptoms usinghigh-priority endpoints,leaving those of lower priority largely unreported.Therefore,the aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive evidence-based review of the diagnosis,pathogenesis and treatment to guide clinicians diagnosing and treating their patients. | Lekha Saha | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，22： | 65 |
| 2 | Genotype-Phenotype Correlations in Ornithine Transcarbamylase Deficiency: A Mutation Update显示文摘Ornithine transcarbamylase(OTC) deficiency is an X-linked trait that accounts for nearly half of all inherited disorders of the urea cycle.OTC is one of the enzymes common to both the urea cycle and the bacterial arginine biosynthesis pathway; however, the role of OTC has changed over evolution. For animals with a urea cycle, defects in OTC can trigger hyperammonemic episodes that can lead to brain damage and death. This is the fifth mutation update for human OTC with previous updates reported in 1993, 1995, 2002, and 2006. In the2006 update, 341 mutations were reported. This current update contains 417 disease-causing mutations, and also is the first report of this series to incorporate information about natural variation of the OTC gene in the general population through examination of publicly available genomic data and examination of phenotype/genotype correlations from patients participating in the Urea Cycle Disorders Consortium Longitudinal Study and the first to evaluate the suitability of systematic computational approaches to predict severity of disease associated with different types of OTC mutations. | Ljubica Caldovic Iman Abdikarim Sahas Narain Mendel Tuchman Hiroki Morizono | 2015 | Journal of Genetics and Genomics2015，42，5： | 19 |
| 3 | Review of System Strength and Inertia Requirements for the National Electricity Market of Australia显示文摘Synchronous generators(SGs)are still making major contributions to the re-stabilization of a power system following voltage/frequency disturbances,attributed to their inherent capability of providing system strength and inertia.However,SGs powered by fossil fuels are operating to a lesser extent and scheduled for decommissioning in the National Electricity Market(NEM)of Australia due to the accelerating increase of low bidding priced asynchronous generation of wind and solar,which leads to the reduction and even in some cases,a shortage of system strength and inertia.This paper comprehensively reviews the requirements of system strength and inertia in the NEM from an operational security perspective.Australia is the first country that established the regulation rules of system strength and inertia to accommodate issues of an emerging high penetration level of non-synchronous renewable generation. | Huajie Gu Ruifeng Yan Tapan Saha | 2019 | CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems2019，5，3： | 12 |
| 4 | 弹性髓内钉内固定治疗儿童肱骨近端骨折的疗效观察显示文摘目的探讨弹性髓内钉内固定手术治疗儿童肱骨近端骨折的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析自2014-02—2017-02采用弹性髓内钉内固定手术治疗的27例儿童肱骨近端骨折,术中采用经内、外髁双侧入路或外侧髁单侧入路置入髓内钉。结果 27例均获得随访,随访时间平均12(9~18)个月。末次随访时影像学资料显示骨折部位骨痂生长良好,未出现弹性髓内钉断裂滑脱、骨折延迟愈合或不愈合、切口疼痛、血管损伤、尺神经损伤等并发症。末次随访时Constant-Murley肩关节功能评分平均92.6(78~98)分,其中优23例,良3例,可1例;患肢前屈上举平均162.5°(145°~175°),外展上举平均173.2°(145°~180°),中立位外旋平均41.2°(38°~45°),中立位内旋平均59.8°(50°~70°)。结论采用弹性髓内钉内固定手术治疗儿童肱骨近端骨折可有效减少创伤,术中损伤小、固定效果稳定,术后并发症较少、患肢功能恢复良好,可作为治疗儿童肱骨近端骨折的有效方法,值得临床借鉴与推广。 | 周霖 刘德森 辜刘伟 Mohammad Tajul Islam Surajit Saha 曹洪 | 2020 | 中国骨与关节损伤杂志2020，35，7： | 11 |
| 5 | 经跗骨窦入路结合型解剖板治疗SandersⅡ/Ⅲ型跟骨骨折显示文摘目的探讨经跗骨窦切口联合跟骨结合型微创解剖板治疗SandersⅡ/Ⅲ型跟骨骨折的短期临床疗效。方法回顾性研究分析自2016年6月至2018年6月我院骨科中心收治的18例(19足)闭合性跟骨骨折患者,其中男11例,女7例;年龄范围22-65岁,平均(38.1±5.6)岁。Sanders分型:Ⅱ型8足,Ⅲ型11足。全部患者均采用经跗骨窦入路,联合使用跟骨结合型微创解剖板进行治疗。结果本组病例术后均获得随访,随访时间12-18个月,平均(13.5±1.5)个月。根据美国足踝外科协会(American orthopaedic foot and ankle society,AOFAS)踝-后足评分标准对患足功能进行评价,优16足,良2足,可1足,优良率94.7%。结论经跗骨窦切口入路联合跟骨结合型微创解剖板治疗SandersⅡ/Ⅲ型跟骨骨折,可有效恢复跟骨的形态,有利于足踝功能地恢复,可作为SandersⅡ/Ⅲ型跟骨骨折手术治疗的一种选择。 | 周霖 Mohammad Tajul Islam Surajit Saha 庹伟 刘德森 辜刘伟 薛晓凯 曹洪 | 2020 | 实用骨科杂志2020，26，1： | 10 |
| 6 | Metagenomic Surveys of Gut Microbiota显示文摘Gut microbiota of higher vertebrates is host-specific. The number and diversity of the organisms residing within the gut ecosystem are defined by physiological and environmental factors,such as host genotype, habitat, and diet. Recently, culture-independent sequencing techniques have added a new dimension to the study of gut microbiota and the challenge to analyze the large volume of sequencing data is increasingly addressed by the development of novel computational tools and methods. Interestingly, gut microbiota maintains a constant relative abundance at operational taxonomic unit(OTU) levels and altered bacterial abundance has been associated with complex diseases such as symptomatic atherosclerosis, type 2 diabetes, obesity, and colorectal cancer. Therefore, the study of gut microbial population has emerged as an important field of research in order to ultimately achieve better health. In addition, there is a spontaneous, non-linear, and dynamic interaction among different bacterial species residing in the gut. Thus, predicting the influence of perturbed microbe–microbe interaction network on health can aid in developing novel therapeutics. Here, we summarize the population abundance of gut microbiota and its variation in different clinical states,computational tools available to analyze the pyrosequencing data, and gut microbe–microbe interaction networks. | Rahul Shubhra Mandal Sudipto Saha Santasabuj Das | 2015 | Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics2015，13，3： | 10 |
| 7 | ZnO@MOF@PANI core-shell nanoarrays on carbon cloth for high-performance supercapacitor electrodes显示文摘Hierarchical ZnO@metal-organic framework @polyaniline(ZnO@MOF@PANI) core-shell nanorod arrays on carbon cloth has been fabricated by combining electrodeposition and hydrothermal method. Well-ordered Zn O nanorods not only act as a scaffold for growth of MOF/PANI shell but also as Zn source for the formation of MOF. The morphology of ZnO@MOF@PANI composite is greatly influenced by the number of PANI electrodeposition cycles. Their structural and electrochemical properties were characterized with different techniques. The results indicate that the Zn O@MOF@PANI with 13 CV cycles of PANI deposition demonstrates the maximum specific capacitance of 340.7 F g-1 at 1.0 A g-1, good rate capability with84.3% capacitance retention from 1.0 to 10 A g-1 and excellent cycling life of 82.5% capacitance retention after 5000 cycles at high current density of 2.0 A g-1. This optimized core-shell nanoarchitecture endows the composite electrode with short ion diffusion pathway, rapid ion/electron transfer and high utilization of active materials, which thus result in excellent electrochemical performance of the ternary composite. | Chunmei Zhu Ying He Yijun Liu Natalia Kazantseva Petr Saha Qilin Cheng | 2019 | Journal of Energy Chemistry2019，28，8： | 10 |
| 8 | Oxidation of As(Ⅲ) by potassium permanganate显示文摘The oxidation of As(Ⅲ) with potassium permanganate was studied under conditions including pH, initial As(Ⅲ) concentration and dosage of Mn(VII). The results have shown that potassium permanganate was an effective agent for oxidation of As(Ⅲ) in a wide pH range. The pH value of tested water was not a significant factor affecting the oxidation of As(Ⅲ) by Mn(VII). Although theoretical redox analyses suggest that Mn(VII) should have better performance in oxidization of As(Ⅲ) within lower pH ranges, the experimental results show that the oxidation effciencies of As(Ⅲ) under basic and acidic conditions were similar, which may be due to the adsorption of As(Ⅲ) on the Mn(OH)2 and MnO2 resulting from the oxidation of As(Ⅲ). | LI Na FAN Maohong Van Leeuwen Johannes Saha Basudeb YANG Hongqun HUANG C. P. | 2007 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2007，19，7： | 10 |
| 9 | Therapies to modulate gut microbiota:Past,present and future显示文摘The human gut microbiota comprises of a complex and diverse array of microorganisms,and over the years the interaction between human diseases and the gut microbiota has become a subject of growing interest.Disturbed microbial milieu in the gastrointestinal tract is central to the pathogenesis of several diseases including antibiotic-associated diarrhea and Clostridioides difficile infection(CDI).Manipulation of this microbial milieu to restore balance by microbial replacement therapies has proven to be a safe and effective treatment for recurrent CDI.There is considerable heterogeneity in various aspects of stool processing and administration for fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)across different centers globally,and standardized microbioal replacement therapies offer an attractive alternative.The adverse effects associated with FMT are usually mild.However,there is paucity of data on long term safety of FMT and there is a need for further studies in this regard.With our increasing understanding of the host-microbiome interaction,there is immense potential for microbial replacement therapies to emerge as a treatment option for several diseases.The role of microbioal replacement therapies in diseases other than CDI is being extensively studied in ongoing clinical trials and it may be a potential treatment option for inflammatory bowel disease,irritable bowel syndrome,obesity,multidrug resistant infections,and neuropsychiatric illnesses.Fecal microbiota transplantation for non-CDI disease states should currently be limited only to research settings. | Akshita Gupta Srishti Saha Sahil Khanna | 2020 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2020，26，8： | 8 |
| 10 | Detection of hepatitis B virus infection: A systematic review显示文摘AIM: To review published methods for detection of hepatitis B virus(HBV) infection.METHODS: A thorough search on Medline database was conducted to find original articles describing different methods or techniques of detection of HBV, which are published in English in last 10 years. Articles outlining methods of detection of mutants or drug resistance were excluded. Full texts and abstracts(if full text not available) were reviewed thoroughly. Manual search of references of retrieved articles were also done. We extracted data on different samples and techniques of detection of HBV, their sensitivity(Sn), specificity(Sp) and applicability.RESULTS: A total of 72 studies were reviewed. HBV was detected from dried blood/plasma spots, hepatocytes, ovarian tissue, cerumen, saliva, parotid tissue, renal tissue, oocytes and embryos, cholangiocarcinoma tissue, etc. Sensitivity of dried blood spot for detecting HBV was > 90% in all the studies. In case of seronegative patients, HBV DNA or serological markers have been detected from hepatocytes or renal tissue in many instances. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and Chemiluminescent immunoassay(CLIA) are most commonly used serological tests for detection. CLIA systems are also used for quantitation. Molecular techniques are used qualitatively as well as for quantitative detection. Among the molecular techniques version 2.0 of the Cobas Ampliprep/Cobas Taq Man assay and Abbott's real time polymerase chain reaction kit were found to be most sensitive with a lower detection limit of only 6.25 IU/m L and 1.48 IU/m L respectively. CONCLUSION: Serological and molecular assays are predominant and reliable methods for HBV detection. Automated systems are highly sensitive and quantify HBV DNA and serological markers for monitoring. | Mallika Ghosh Srijita Nandi Shrinwanti Dutta Malay Kumar Saha | 2015 | World Journal of Hepatology2015，7，23： | 8 |
| 11 | Antibacterial activity of honey against clinical isolates of Escherichia coli,Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi显示文摘Objective:To ascertain the potential antibacterial activity of honey against clinical isolates of Escherichia coli(E.coli),Pseudomonas aeruginosa(P.aeruginosa) and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi(S.enterica serovar Typhi) by in vitro methods.Methods:The partial inhibitory concentration(PIC),minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration(MBC) values of the autoclaved honey(extracted from Apis indica hive by indigenous method) were determined for S.enterica serovar Typhi(n=8:from blood cultute), E.coli(n=5:from urine culture) and P.aeruginosa(n=5:from pus culture) isolates by in vitro methods.Results:The PICs of the honey tested for the isolates ranged 0.50%-1.25%(v/v) for S. enterica serovar Typhi,0.75%-1.50%(v/v) for E.coli and 1.00%-1.25%(v/v) for P.aeruginosa, while the MICs ranged 1.75%-3.00%(v/v),3.00%-3.50%(v/v) and 3.50%(v/v),respectively.The P.aeruginosa and E.coli isolates had MBC value of 4.00%(v/v):the S.enterica serovar Typhi showed MBCs in between 3.00%and 3.50%(v/v).The bactericidal activity of honey was achieved at concentration 3.00%(v/v) for S.enterica serovar Typhi and E.coli,and at 3.50%(v/v) for P. aeruginosa.Conclusions:The excellent antibacterial activity of honey against clinical bacterial isolates indicates the usefulness of honey in clinical practice against bacterial infection. | Shyamapada Mandal Manisha DebMandal Nishith Kumar Pal Krishnendu Saha | 2010 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2010，3，12： | 8 |
| 12 | Divergent DNA Methylation Patterns Associated with Abiotic Stress in Hevea brasiliensis显示文摘Cytosine methylation 在植物是为基因表示规定和开发的基本 epigenetic 机制。这里,我们第一次在树庄稼 Hevea brasiliensis (在世界上的 99% 自然橡胶的来源) 报导有不能生活的应力的 DNA methylation 模式和他们的通常认为的关系的鉴定。涉及 mevalonate 小径(橡胶生合成小径) 的四主要基因和三 high-yielding 的一一般防卫相关的基因的规章的序列以二个不同 agroclimatic 条件种的流行橡胶克隆为 methylation 的存在被分析。我们在所有五基因以内在核心 DNA 有约束力的主题在 methylation 模式发现几重要变化。几个一致克隆特定、地点特定的 methylation 模式被识别。在在某些枢轴的 cis 规章的地点观察的 methylation 模式的差别在染色体上显示应力的直接影响并且支持地点特定的导致压力的 DNA methylation 的假设。一些观察的 methylation 模式可以在他们由适应极端条件的植物涉及压力应答的机制,这被假定。学习尽管有他们的很类似的基因组成,也在 Hevea 克隆之中向高度分叉的 phenotypic 人物的存在提供线索。总的来说,从这研究的观察在疑问以外证明在那里存在在 Hevea 和环境因素的 epigenetic 变化在它的染色体在地点特定的 epigenetic 变化的正式就职起一个重要作用。 | Thomas K. Uthup Minimol Ravindran, K. Bini Saha Thakurdas | 2011 | Molecular Plant2011，4，6： | 8 |
| 13 | Kinetics of phenol and m-cresol biodegradation by an indigenous mixed microbial culture isolated from a sewage treatment plant显示文摘An acclimatized mixed microbial culture,predominantly Pseudomonas sp.,was enriched from a sewage treatment plant,and its potential to simultaneously degrade mixtures of phenol and m-cresol was investigated during its growth in batch shake flasks.A 22 full factorial design with the two substrates at two different levels and different initial concentration ranges(low and high),was employed to carry out the biodegradation experiments.The substrates phenol and m-cresol were completely utilized within 21 h when present at low concentrations of 100 mg/L for each,and at high concentration of 600 mg/L for each,a maximum time of 187 h was observed for their removal.The biodegradation results also showed that the presence of phenol in low concentration range(100–300 mg/L) did not inhibit m-cresol biodegradation.Whereas the presence of m-cresol inhibited phenol biodegradation by the culture.Moreover, irrespective of the concentrations used,phenol was degraded preferentially and earlier than m-cresol.A sum kinetics model was used to describe the variation in the substrate specific degradation rates,which gave a high coeffcient of determination value(R2>0.98)at the low concentration range of the substrates.From the estimated interaction parameter values obtained from this model,the inhibitory effect of phenol on m-cresol degradation by the culture was found to be more pronounced compared to that of m-cresol on phenol.This study showed a good potential of the indigenous mixed culture in degrading mixed substrate of phenolics. | Pichiah Saravanan Kannan Pakshirajan Prabirkumar Saha | 2008 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2008，20，12： | 7 |
| 14 | Design and analysis of high birefringence and nonlinearity with small confinement loss photonic crystal fiber显示文摘High birefringence with low confinement loss photonic crystal fiber (PCF) has significant advantages in the field of sensing, dispersion compensation devices, nonlinear applications, and polarization filter. In this report, two different models of PCFs are presented and compared. Both the models contain five air holes rings with combination of circular and elliptical air holes arrangement. Moreover, the elliptical shaped air holes polarization and the third ring air holes rotational angle are varied. To examine different guiding characteristics, finite element method (FEM) with perfectly matched layer (PML) absorbing boundary condition is applied from 1.2 to 1.8 |im wavelength range. High birefringence, low confinement loss, high nonlinearity, and moderate disper-sion values are successfully achieved in both the PCFs models. Numeric analysis shows that model-1 gives higher birefringence (2.75 ×10^-2) and negative dispersion (-540.67 ps/(nm ·km)) at 1.55 |im wavelength. However, model-2 gives more small confinement loss than model-1 at the same wavelength. In addition, the proposed design demonstrates the variation of rotation angle has great impact to enhance guiding properties especially the birefringence. | Rekha SAHA Md.Mahbub HOSSAIN Md. Ekhlasur RAHAMAN Himadri Shekhar MONDAL | 2019 | Frontiers of Optoelectronics2019，12，2： | 6 |
| 15 | Synergistic anti - Staphylococcus aureus activity of amoxicillin in combination with Emblica officinalis and Nymphae odorata extracts显示文摘Objective:To evaluate the antibacterial activity of Emblica officinalis Gaertn(E.officinalis: Family:Euphorbiaceae) seed and Nymphae odorala Aiton(N.odorala:Family:Nymphaeaceae) stamen extracts,alone and in combination,and in combination with amoxicillin(Ax) against Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus).Methods:Antibacterial activity of ethanolic extracts of amla,E.officinalis,seed(AMS:500μg) and sapla,N.odorala,stamen(SAP:500 p g) for 12 methicillin-resistant S.aureus(MRSA) isolates was determined following agar diffusion:in order to assess the combined antibacterial activity,AMS(250μg) plus SAP(250μg) were considered.The Ax(10μg) activity alone and in combination with AMS(250μg),and SAP(250μg) was determined by disk diffusion.The zone diameters of inhibition(ZDIs) for the agents were recorded,and growth inhibitory indices(GIIs) were calculated.Results:The MRSA isolates (n=12) had AMS(500μg) and SAP(500μg) ZDIs of 12-19 mm and 21-24 mm,respectively.The ZDIs(range 24-27 mm) increased by 3-4 mm due to combined action of AMS(250μg) and SAP(250μg) indicating synergy between extracts for MRSA(GII 0.634-0.742).The MRSA isolates were resistant to Ax(ZDI:8-11 mm),which in combination with AMS and SAP had synergistic effect,both due to increased ZDI[mean±SD=(3.5±0.577) mm]and GII(0.631-0.894).Conclusions:The data suggest that the plants,E.officinalis and N.odorala alone or in combination,are promising in the development of phytomedicines,which may be used,alone or in combination with the antibiotic. Ax,against MRSA infection. | Shyamapada Mandal Manisha DebMandal Nishith Kumar Pal Krishnendu Saha | 2010 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2010，3，9： | 6 |
| 16 | Analysis of pressure characteristics under laminar and turbulent flow states inside the pilot stage of a deflection flapper servo-valve:Mathematical modeling with CFD study and experimental validation显示文摘Electro-hydraulic servo-valves are widely used components in the mechanical industry,aerospace and aerodynamic devices which precisely control the airplane or missile wings.Due to the small size and complex structure in the pilot stage of deflection flapper servo-valves,accurate mathematical models for the flow and pressure characteristics have always been very difficult to be built.In this paper,mathematical models for the pilot stage of deflection flapper servo-valve are investigated to overcome some gaps between the theoretical formulation and overall performance of the valve by considering different flow states.Here,a mathematical model of the velocity distribution at the flapper groove exit is established by using Schlichting velocity equations for incompressible laminar fluid flow.Moreover,when the flow becomes turbulent,a mathematical model of pressure characteristics in the receiving ports is built on the basis of the assumption of the collision between the liquid and the jet as the impact of the jet on a moving block of fluid particles.To verify the analytical models for both laminar and turbulent flows,the pressure characteristics of the deflection flapper pilot stage are calculated and tested by using numerical simulation and experiment.Experimental verification of the theory is also presented.The computed numerical and analytical results show a good agreement with experimental data. | Bijan Krishna SAHA Songjing LI Xinbei LV | 2020 | Chinese Journal of Aeronautics2020，33，3： | 6 |
| 17 | Machining of circular micro holes by electrochemical micro-machining process显示文摘Machining of micro holes with micro electrochemical machining(micro ECM) process has been carried out with an indigenously developed set up.This paper describes relevant problems and solutions for the circular micro holes machining process on 304 stainless steel sheets with 60 μm thickness using high speed steel cylindrical tool of diameter 500 μm and using dilute H_2SO_4 as electrolyte.The taper angle variation of the machined hole is analyzed and reported for different experimental setting parameters.The minimum value of the taper angle of machined holes is achieved at the parameter setting of0.4 mol/L H_2SO_4,700 kHz,600 ns and 21 V,for stainless steel sheets and HSS tool. | Alok Kumar Das P. Saha AlokKumarDas·ParthaSaha | 2013 | Advances in Manufacturing2013，1，4： | 6 |
| 18 | Subcycle control of terahertz waveform polarization using all-optically induced transient metamaterials显示文摘Coherent radiation with frequencies ranging from 0.3 to 30 THz has recently become accessible using femtosecond laser technology.These terahertz(THz)waves have already been applied in spectroscopy and imaging and can be manipulated using static optical elements such as lenses,polarizers and filters.However,ultrafast modulation of THz radiation is required as well,for instance,in short-range wireless communication or for preparing shaped THz transients for the coherent control of numerous material excitations.Here,we demonstrate an all-optically created transient metamaterial that allows us to manipulate the polarization of THz waveforms with subcycle switch-on times.The polarization-modulated pulses are potentially interesting for controlling elementary motions such as the vibration of crystal lattices,the rotation of molecules and the precession of spins. | N Kamaraju Andrea Rubano Linke Jian Surajit Saha T Venkatesan Jan Notzold R Kramer Campen Martin Wolf Tobias Kampfrath | 2014 | Light(Science & Applications)2014，3，1： | 5 |
| 19 | An Intelligent Coordinated Protection and Control Strategy for Distribution Network with Wind Generation Integration显示文摘Integration of distributed generation(DG)can change the fault current level and direction in the distribution system,which affects the related protection system.In order to limit the negative impact of DG integration and upgrade the protection system performance,an intelligent coordinated protection and control strategy is proposed.A cost based optimization method is adopted to minimize the operation costs of possible solutions.Its aim is to define the optimal relay settings for the present operation condition,and the most suitable control mode of converter based wind turbine DG.Case studies on a hardware in the loop real time simulation platform demonstrate the proposed protection strategy. | Zhou Liu Hans Kr.Høidalen Murari Mohan Saha | 2016 | CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems2016，2，4： | 5 |
| 20 | Biodiversity effects and transgressive overyielding显示文摘Aims The potential for mixtures of plant species to produce more biomass than every one of their constituent species in monoculture is still controversially discussed in the literature.Here we tested how this socalled transgressive overyielding is affected by variation between and within species in monoculture yields in biodiversity experiments.Methods We use basic statistical principles to calculate expected maximum monoculture yield in a species pool used for a biodiversity experiment.Using a real example we show how between-and withinspecies variance components in monoculture yields can be obtained.Combining the two components we estimate the importance of sampling bias in transgressive overyielding analysis.Important Findings The net biodiversity effect(difference between mixture and average monoculture yield)needed to achieve transgressive overyielding increases with the number of species in a mixture and with the variation between constituent species in monoculture yields.If there is no significant variation between species,transgressive overyielding should not be calculated using the best monoculture,because in this case the difference between this species and the other species could exclusively reflect a sampling bias.The sampling bias decreases with increasing variation between species.Tests for transgressive overyielding require replicated species’monocultures.However,it can be doubted whether such an emphasis on monocultures in biodiversity experiments is justified if an analysis of transgressive overyielding is not the major goal. | Bernhard Schmid Andy Hector Prasenjit Saha Michel Loreau | 2008 | Journal of Plant Ecology2008，1，2： | 5 |
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