| 1 | 受压差影响的负压射孔特性显示文摘由于油管传输的负压射孔方法在保证孔眼清洁、降低完井时间和减少增产作业等方面具有显著的优越性,故该方法的使用日趋增加。利用径向流贝雷砂岩岩样,可以确定完井过程中岩石压力与井筒压力之间随时间变化的压差所引起的射孔特性。所研究的主要射孔特性,即径向流动比 RFR定义为:已射孔岩样的流量与未射孔岩样的流量之比。射孔流动试验所涉及的压差,从500Psi(3450KPa)的正压到1000Psi(6900KPa)的负压时,采用瞬时的或延迟的反向冲击。当压差值从500PSI(3450KPa)的正压改变到1000PSI(6900KPa)的负压时,径向流动比RFR受到很大的影响。进行反向冲击的径向流动比 RFR,比无反向冲击的流动比 RFR大50%~80%。进行反向冲击后的射孔孔眼体积可以增加55%,这说明反向冲击部分地消除了压实带和污染带的渗透率降低效应。负压射孔(-1000Psi)并进行反向冲击所增加的孔眼体积是正压射孔(+500Psi)且不进行反向冲击时的孔眼体积的四倍。这样看来,负压反向冲击射孔(瞬时或延迟的反向冲击)似乎可以改善聚能射孔的流动特性,因为它减少了低渗透压实带的厚度,并且增加了孔眼的表面积。 | John A.Regalbuto Robert S.Riggs | 1989 | 油气井测试1989，，4： | 1 |
| 3 | Hybrid energy module for remote environmental observations, experiments, and communications显示文摘Increased concerns about climate change have led to a significant expansion of monitoring, observational, and experimental sites in remote areas of the world. Meanwhile, advances in technology and availability of low-power equipment have allowed increasingly sophisticated measurements with a wide variety of instruments. However, the deployment and use of these technologies in remote locations is often restricted not only by harsh environmental conditions, but also by the availability of electrical power and communication options. In some cases, research stations and military installations can provide power for scientific equipment, data acquisition, storage, and transmission. Clustering of research sites near existing infrastructure has had the unintended consequence of limiting a spatial understanding of large geographic regions. Fortunately, the modern market offers many power and communication solutions, but most of them are oriented toward large industrial applications. Use of those solutions to power a research site is limited because of their cost and need for significant modification for the specific research purposes. Each study has its own unique power requirements and needs for proper instrumentation. A power and communication solution for a vast majority of implementations with or without modification would be of considerable benefit. This article describes design of a universal, scalable hybrid energy module for the Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments Arctic project(http://gffzz7417bcab626d4454s60fvbwpv6pcp695w.ffgz.tsg.suse.edu.cn/). Two modules were built, and the authors describe their implementation and findings over a 2-year period at a remote field site on the Seward Peninsula in western Alaska, USA. | Misha B.KRASSOVSKI Jeffery S.RIGGS Chris TAVINO Stan D.WULLSCHLEGER Susan L.HEINZ | 2020 | Advances in Polar Science2020，31，3： | 0 |
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