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| 1 | Growth performance,gastrointestinal weight,microbial metabolites and apparent retention of components in broiler chickens fed up to 11%rice bran in a corn-soybean meal diet without or with a multi-enzyme supplement显示文摘We investigated the effects of adding up to 11% rice bran(RB) in corn-soybean meal diets fed to broiler chickens without or with a multi-enzyme supplement(MES). The MES supplied xylanase, b-glucanase invertase, protease, cellulase, a-amylase and mannanase with targeted activity of 2,500, 300, 700, 10,0001,200, 24,000, and 20 U/kg of feed, respectively. The study used a two-phase feeding program(starter d 0 to 24; finisher, d 25 to 35) with RB added at 5% and 11%, respectively creating 4 diets in each phase Diets were iso-caloric and iso-nitrogenous and contained phytase(500 FTU/kg) and TiO_2 as a digestibility marker. Three hundred and sixty d-old male Ross 708 broiler chicks were placed in cages based on BW(15 birds/cage) and allocated to 4 diets(n = 6). Birds had free access to feed and water. Body weight and feed intake were recorded. Excreta samples were collected 3 d prior to the end of each phase for apparent retention(AR) of components. Samples of birds were sacrificed on d 24 and 35 for gut weight and ceca digesta for organic acid content. There was no interaction(P > 0.10) between RB and MES on BWG and FCR in starter or finisher phase. In finisher phase, birds fed MES had better BWG(961 versus 858 g) and FCR(1.69 versus 1.86) than birds fed non-MES diets(P < 0.01). Feeding RB reduced(P = 0.02) BWG in finisher phase resulting in lower d 35 BW. Birds fed RB had higher(P 0.01) gizzard weight on d 24 and 35 than non-RB birds. An interaction(P 0.01) between RB and MES on concentrations of propionic and iso-butyric acids in ceca digesta showed that MES reduced these acids in non-RB diet. The AR of gross energy was higher(P < 0.02) for MES versus non-MES birds in starter and finisher phases. In conclusion independently, RB increased gizzard weight and reduced final BW whereas MES improved growth and energy utilization. | Juan Sanchez Aizwarya Thanabalan Tanka Khanal Rob Patterson Bogdan A.Slominski Elijah Kiarie | 2019 | Animal Nutrition2019，，1： | 6 |
| 2 | Dose-response effects of in-feed antibiotics on growth performance and nutrient utilization in weaned pigs fed diets supplemented with yeast-based nucleotides显示文摘Dietary nucleotides are bioactive compounds with the potential to mitigate weaning-associated challenges in piglets. An experiment was conducted to determine the interaction effect of antimicrobial growth promoters(AGP) and a nucleotide-rich yeast extract(NRYE) on growth performance and apparent total tract digestibility(ATTD) of dry matter(DM), crude protein(CP) and gross energy(GE),and to establish whether NRYE supplementation may completely or partially replace AGP in diets for weaned pigs. In phase 1 and 2, corn, wheat, canola meal and soybean meal based diets, which were formulated to contain 0.0 or 0.1% NRYE with 0, 25, 50, 75 or 100% of the recommended AGP dosage, were fed to 108 twenty-one day old piglets(initial body weight 7.11 ± 0.9 kg; mean ±SD) from d 1 to 14 and15 to 28, respectively. Overall, increasing AGP level in NRYE supplemented diets linearly decreased average daily gain(ADG)(P = 0.002) and gain-to-feed ratio(G:F)(P = 0.007); and quadratically decreased ATTD of DM(P = 0.001), CP(P =0.003) and G:F(P = 0.017) during phase 2. Compared with control and pigs fed NRYE with 100% of recommended AGP dosage, pigs fed 0.1% NRYE without AGP had greater(P < 0.05) ADG and G:F in phase 2 and overall. In conclusion, supplementing 0.1% NRYE improved growth performance of pigs but this beneficial effect was reduced by increasing dietary AGP dosage. | Samuel M.Waititu Jung M.Heo Rob Patterson Charles M.Nyachoti | 2015 | Animal Nutrition2015，，3： | 2 |
| 3 | 饲用酶和酵母衍生物可减轻球虫病对肉鸡肠道健康和功能的危害显示文摘球虫病引起的肠道坏死性病变会损害鸡的消化能力和肠道屏障功能,同时会增加继发性细菌感染的风险。养鸡业通过抗球虫药和免疫接种已成功控制球虫病。然而,人们对艾美耳球虫属的球虫对抗球虫药的耐药性、免疫空白期和限制使用抗生素的担忧,正在促进科研人员研究和应用替代性和/或补充策略来控制球虫病。本文的目的是评价有关介绍饲用酶和酵母衍生物在调控球虫病功效的文献资料。在受球虫病影响的鸡中,内源性酶(蛋白酶、淀粉酶和脂肪酶)的分泌量可能会变得不足,饲用酶可以弥补这些酶的缺乏。发生在小肠上端的球虫病为提高植酸酶的功效创造了条件,有报道表明补充植酸酶可以减轻球虫病对鸡骨骼质量的负面影响。补充纤维降解酶会增加肠道中短链脂肪酸的浓度,进而降低艾美耳球虫的存活率。有证据表明整个酵母(活的或死的)及其衍生物可以调控球虫病。研究证明,酵母衍生物的免疫调节特性可增强艾美耳球虫挑战模型中的细胞免疫和体液免疫,这对球虫苗的接种效果至关重要。此外,研究证明酵母核苷酸有利于促进动物肠道黏膜表面的愈合。其他新的研究表明,某些酵母细胞可以产生含有抗球虫化合物的衍生物,从而有效减少卵囊脱落。还有研究证明,酵母细胞表面是艾美耳球虫口服疫苗的一种高效载体。总体而言,虽然需要进一步完善研究以解决反应和商业性应用中的不一致问题,但有证据表明,饲用酶和酵母衍生物可以作为维持肉鸡肠道功能的补充策略,以提高患球虫病的肉鸡的生长性能。然而,肉鸡日粮含有多种不同作用模式的饲料添加剂,而且缺乏关于预期反应的实证数据。未来的评估应考虑添加剂的组合,以记录动物反应和潜在的协同作用。 | 王晶晶(译) 孟祥光(审) Elijah G.Kiarie Haley Leung Reza Akbari Moghaddam Kakhki Rob Patterson John R.Barta | 2022 | 国外畜牧学(猪与禽)2022，42，3： | 2 |
| 4 | Short-term effect of supplemental yeast extract without or with feed enzymes on growth performance, immune status and gut structure of weaned pigs challenged with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide显示文摘Background: This study investigated the response of piglets receiving a yeast extract without or with a multi-enzyme mixture compared with an antimicrobial growth promoter(AGP) on performance, immune status and gut structure after an E. coli lipopolysaccharide(LPS) challenge. Thirty-six pigs were allotted to six treatments including: a non-challenged control(NCC); LPS-challenged control(CC); CC + AGP; CC + yeast extract; CC + enzymes; and CC + enzymes + yeast extract. On d 7, pigs were bled and thereafter injected with LPS or sterile saline. Blood samples were collected at 6, 48, and 96 h post-challenge. After 96 h post-challenge, pigs were euthanized to obtain duodenal, jejunal and ileal samples.Results: Overall(d 1 to 11), compared with CC pigs, AGP attenuated the LPS-induced reduction in ADG(P = 0.004),ADFI(P = 0.03) and gain/feed ratio(P = 0.01). At 6 h post-challenge, AGP pigs had lower plasma urea N(PUN; P = 0.02)and serum TNF-α concentration(P = 0.07), and higher platelet count(P = 0.04) and serum IL-10 concentration(P = 0.02) than CC pigs. At 48 h post-challenge, AGP pigs had lower PUN(P = 0.02) than CC pigs, whereas enzymes + yeast extract interacted non-additively(P = 0.001) to reduce PUN. At 96 h post-challenge, AGP pigs had lower PUN(P = 0.02)and higher duodenal(P = 0.03), jejunal(P = 0.01) and ileal(P = 0.07) villus height than CC pigs. In addition, enzymes +yeast extract interacted additively and non-additively to reduce ileal IFN-γ(P < 0.0001) and IL-10(P = 0.012) expression,respectively. Generally, no differences(P > 0.10) were observed between AGP and enzymes + yeast extract pigs on other measured parameters except for the downregulation of ileal IFN-γ(P < 0.0001) and TNF-α(P = 0.003) in enzymes + yeast extract pigs at 96 h post-challenge.Conclusions: The LPS challenged piglets receiving enzymes + yeast extract showed beneficial responses in gut structure and immunity commensurate with those receiving antibiotics, though the latter had better overall growth performance. | Samuel M.Waititu Fugui Yin Rob Patterson Juan C.Rodriguez-Lecompte Charles M.Nyachoti | 2017 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2017，8，2： | 1 |
| 5 | 饲用酶和酵母衍生物可减轻球虫病对肉鸡肠道健康和功能的危害(续1)显示文摘球虫病引起的肠道坏死性病变会损害鸡的消化能力和肠道屏障功能,同时会增加继发性细菌感染的风险。养鸡业通过抗球虫药和免疫接种已成功控制球虫病。然而,人们对艾美耳球虫属的球虫对抗球虫药的耐药性、免疫空白期和限制使用抗生素的担忧,正在促进科研人员研究和应用替代性和/或补充策略来控制球虫病。本文的目的是评价有关介绍饲用酶和酵母衍生物在调控球虫病功效的文献资料。在受球虫病影响的鸡中,内源性酶(蛋白酶、淀粉酶和脂肪酶)的分泌量可能会变得不足,饲用酶可以弥补这些酶的缺乏。发生在小肠上端的球虫病为提高植酸酶的功效创造了条件,有报道指出补充植酸酶可以减轻球虫病对鸡骨骼质量的负面影响。补充纤维降解酶会增加肠道中短链脂肪酸的浓度,进而降低艾美耳球虫的存活率。有证据表明整个酵母(活的或死的)及其衍生物可以调控球虫病。研究证明,酵母衍生物的免疫调节特性可增强艾美耳球虫挑战模型中的细胞免疫和体液免疫,这对球虫疫苗的接种效果至关重要。此外,研究证明酵母核苷酸有利于促进动物肠道黏膜表面的愈合。其他新的研究表明,某些酵母细胞可以产生含有抗球虫化合物的衍生物,从而有效减少卵囊脱落。还有研究证明,酵母细胞表面是艾美耳球虫口服疫苗的一种高效载体。总体而言,虽然需要进一步完善研究以解决反应和商业性应用中的不一致问题,但有证据表明,饲用酶和酵母衍生物可以作为维持肉鸡肠道功能的补充策略,以提高患球虫病的肉鸡的生长性能。然而,肉鸡日粮含有多种不同作用模式的饲料添加剂,而且缺乏关于预期反应的实证数据。未来的评估应考虑添加剂的组合,以记录动物反应和潜在的协同作用。 | 潘淑勤(译) 王丽萍(校) 王晶晶(审) Elijah G Kiarie Haley Leung Reza Akbari Moghaddam Kakhki Rob Patterson John R Barta | 2022 | 国外畜牧学(猪与禽)2022，42，4： | 0 |
| 6 | 饲用酶和酵母衍生物可减轻球虫病对肉鸡肠道健康和功能的危害(续完)显示文摘球虫病引起的肠道坏死性病变会损害鸡的消化能力和肠道屏障功能,同时会增加继发性细菌感染的风险。养鸡业通过抗球虫药和免疫接种已成功控制球虫病。然而,人们对艾美耳球虫属的球虫对抗球虫药的耐药性、免疫空白期和限制使用抗生素的担忧,正在促进科研人员研究和应用替代性和/或补充策略来控制球虫病。本文的目的是评价有关介绍饲用酶和酵母衍生物在调控球虫病功效的文献资料。在受球虫病影响的鸡中,内源性酶(蛋白酶、淀粉酶和脂肪酶)的分泌量可能会变得不足,饲用酶可以弥补这些酶的缺乏。发生在小肠上端的球虫病为提高植酸酶的功效创造了条件,有报道指出补充植酸酶可以减轻球虫病对鸡骨骼质量的负面影响。补充纤维降解酶会增加肠道中短链脂肪酸的浓度,进而降低艾美耳球虫的存活率。有证据表明整个酵母(活的或死的)及其衍生物可以调控球虫病。研究证明,酵母衍生物的免疫调节特性可增强艾美耳球虫挑战模型中的细胞免疫和体液免疫,这对球虫疫苗的接种效果至关重要。此外,研究证明酵母核苷酸有利于促进动物肠道黏膜表面的愈合。其他新的研究表明,某些酵母细胞可以产生含有抗球虫化合物的衍生物,从而有效减少卵囊脱落。还有研究证明,酵母细胞表面是艾美耳球虫口服疫苗的一种高效载体。总体而言,虽然需要进一步完善研究以解决反应和商业性应用中的不一致问题,但有证据表明,饲用酶和酵母衍生物可以作为维持肉鸡肠道功能的补充策略,以提高患球虫病的肉鸡的生长性能。然而,肉鸡日粮含有多种不同作用模式的饲料添加剂,而且缺乏关于预期反应的实证数据。未来的评估应考虑添加剂的组合,以记录动物反应和潜在的协同作用。 | 潘淑勤(译) 王丽萍(校) 王晶晶(审) Elijah G Kiarie Haley Leung Reza Akbari Moghaddam Kakhki Rob Patterson John R Barta | 2022 | 国外畜牧学(猪与禽)2022，42，5： | 0 |
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