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| 1 | Phlebotomus papatasi and Meriones libycus as the vector and reservoir host of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Qomrood District,Qom Province,central Iran显示文摘Objective:To determine the sand flies species responsible for most transmission of Leishmania major(L major) to human,as well as to determine the main reservoir hosts of the disease. Methods:Sand flies were collected using sticky papers and mounted in Puri’s medium for species identification.Rodents were trapped by live Sherman traps.Both sand flies and rodents were subjected to molecular methods for detection of leishmanial parasite.Results:Phlebotomus papatasi(P.papatasi) was the common species in outdoor and indoor resting places.Employing PCR technique only three specimens of 150 P.papatasi(2%) were found naturally infected by parasites with a band of 350 bp which is equal to the L major parasite.Forty six rodents were captured by Sherman traps and identified.Microscopic investigation on blood smear of the animals for amastigote parasites revealed 1(3.22%) infected Meriones libycus(M.libycus). Infection of this animal to L.major was confirmed by PCR against rDNA loci of the parasite. Conclusions:This is the first molecular report of parasite infection of both vector(P.papatasi) and reservoir(M.libycus) to L major in the region.The results indicated that P.papatasi was the primary vector of the disease and circulating the parasite between human and reservoirs and M. libycus was the most important host reservoir for maintenance of the parasite source in the area. | Rassi Yavar Saghafipour Abedin Abai Mohammad Reza Oshaghi Mohammad Ali Rafizadeh Sina Mohebail Mehdi Yaaghobi-Ershadi Mohammad Reza Mohtarami Fatemeh Farzinnia Babak | 2011 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2011，4，2： | 3 |
| 2 | Development of species-specific PCR and PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism assays for L. infantum / L. donovani discrimination显示文摘 | Mohammad A. Oshaghi Naseh Maleki Ravasan Mallorie Hide Ezat-Aldin Javadian Yavar Rassi Mohammad M. Sedaghat Mehdi Mohebali Homa Hajjaran | 2009 | Experimental Parasitology2009，，1： | 2 |
| 3 | Traumatic myiasis agents in Iran with introducing of new dominant species,Wohlfahrtia magnifica(Diptera:Sarcophagidae)显示文摘Objective:To study agents of animal wound myiasis in various geographical districts of Fars province.Methods:This study has been done in Fars province,located in the southern part of Iran.Sums of 10358 domestic animals have been visited from April 2011 to March 2012.The infected wounds in any parts of animal body were sampled by means of forceps.Results:About 61%of all animal wound myiasis were caused by larvae of Wohlfahrtia magnifica.The most wound myiasis cases due to this species occurred in central part of Fars province.There wasn't any significant difference between sheep and goat in infestation with myiasis(P>0.05).The infestation rate of myiasis in cattle community was 0.86%.Conclusions:The infestation rate of livestock was lower than other works in Iran and some other countries like Saudi Arabia.Chrysomya bezziana has been mentioned as main myiasis agent in Iran.But in this study it cleared that similarly to some European countries,the common animal myiasis agent in Iran is Wohlfahrtia tnagnifica.Introducing new species as principal agent for myiasis can help public health and animal husbandry policy makers to prepare sufficient and effective control and/or preventive measures for this disease. | Javad Rafinejad Kamran Akbarzadeh Yavar Rassi Jamasp Nozari Mohammad Mehdi Sedaghat Mostafa Hosseini Hamzeh Alipour Abdolmajid Ranjbar Danial Zeinali | 2014 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine2014，4，6： | 2 |
| 4 | Phlebotomus perfiliewi transcaucasicus is circulating both Leishmania donovani and L. infantum in northwest Iran显示文摘 | Mohammad Ali Oshaghi Naseh Maleki Ravasan Mallorie Hide Ezat-Aldin Javadian Yavar Rassi Javid Sadraei Mehdi Mohebali Mohammad Mehdi Sedaghat Homa Hajjaran Zabiholah Zarei Fatemeh Mohtarami | 2009 | Experimental Parasitology2009，，3： | 1 |
| 5 | Spatial distribution of sand flies(Diptera: Psychodidae; Larroussius group), the vectors of visceral leishmaniasis in Northwest of Iran显示文摘Objective: To determine spatial distribution of sand flies(Diptera: Psychodidae; Larroussius group), the vectors of visceral leishmaniasis in Ardabil province, Northwest of Iran.Methods: Sand flies were collected using sticky traps from the 30 selected points in Ardabil province, during May-November 2017.The MaxEnt model in GIS software was used for modeling.Results: A total of 2 794 specimens of sand flies were collected, of which 33% were Larroussius subgenus sand flies.Phlebotomus kandelakii and Phlebotomus wenyoni were the highest and lowest collected species respectively.Based on the modeling, four areas in the province were identified with more than 70% probability of the presence of Larroussius group vectors which were at risk of visceral leishmaniasis disease transmission.Conclusions: The distribution of Larroussius subgenus sand flies was observed in all parts of Ardabil.But the northern parts of the province(Germi and Bilesavar counties) as well as central part(Ardabil and Meshkinshahr counties) were of great importance in terms of the presence of Larroussius subgenus sand flies and the possibility of transmission of the visceral leishmaniasis. | Eslam Moradi-Asl Yavar Rassi Davoud Adham Ahmad Ali Hanafi-Bojd Abedin Saghafipour Sayena Rafizadeh | 2018 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine2018，8，9： | 1 |
| 6 | Geographical distribution and ecological features of the great gerbil subspecies in the main zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis foci in Iran显示文摘Objective:To reveal subspecies composition of Rhombomy opimus(R.opimus) in Iran. Methods:In this study,field specimens of the gerbil were collected from all its geographical rang in northeast and central parts of Iran and identified on basis of morphological characteristics.Results:Results revealed presence of two subspecies of R.opimus sodalis and R. opimus sargadensis in the country.The first subspecies with brown to hazel-nut color and a size bigger than a typical R.opimus was found only in Golestan province,an isolated colony which is located in plains of north slopes of Alborz Chain Mountains of the country,connected with the Turkmenistan.The subspecies of R.opimus sargadensis with a yellowish color and similar size as a typical R.opimus was found in all other areas of the great gerbil distribution in Iran.There was a distinct topographic difference but similar ectoparasites between colonies of the two subspecies in the study area.Conclusions:Further ecological and genetic investigations are required for more detailed description of the R.opimus subspecies range and structure.The R.opimusPhlebotomus papatasi-Leishmania major association and the ZCL severity and outcome in hosts are discussed. | Mohammad Reza Abai Mohammad Ali Oshaghi Leila Tajedin Yavar Rassi Amir Ahmad Akhavan | 2010 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2010，3，10： | 1 |
| 7 | Distribution and ecological aspects of sand flies(Diptera:Psychodidae) species in Northeastern Iran显示文摘Objective:To determine both the distribution and the ecological characteristics of sand flies in Golestan Province,northeast of Iran in 2016.Methods:In this study,34 villages were selected based on their geographical conditions.Sticky paper traps were used for collecting the sand flies.Sampling was carried out in each of villages from May to November.In each village,60 traps for indoors and 60 for outdoors were monthly installed.The species of all collected sand flies were determined using approved morphological keys.Pearson coefficient correlation was used to find the relationship between the number of collected Phlebotomus papatasi from different villages and incidence rate of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis as well as the number of positive cases of the disease.The altitude of the studied villages was extracted from digital elevation model of the area using GIS and vegetation cover density index of the province was extracted from Modis satellite imagery and distribution map of sand flies drown up.Results:Overall,5 428 sand flies were collected and identified,belonging to 18 species.Phlebotomus wenyoni was reported for the first time from the area in this study.The frequency of sand flies in the villages located in northeast of the Golestan province(the plateau area,lower altitude,arid and semi-arid climates,and lower vegetation cover density),were more than other villages in this province.There was a significant correlation between the number of collected Phlebotomus papatasi and incidence rate of the zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis cases in different villages(r=0.837,P=0.019) as well as the number of positive cases of the disease(r=0.688,P<0.001).Conclusions:In the northeaster areas of Golestan Province which is known as the endemic foci of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis,the abundance of sand flies were more and the conditions for their growth and development were more appropriate. | Aioub Sofizadeh Yavar Rassi Ahmad Ali Hanafi-Bojd Hamid Reza Shoraka Fatemeh Mesgarian Sayena Rafizadeh | 2018 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2018，11，9： | 0 |
| 8 | Morphometric discrimination between females of two isomorphic sand fly species, Phlebotomus caucasicus and Phlebotomus mongolensis(Diptera:Phlebotominae) in endemic and non-endemic foci of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iran显示文摘Objective: To delineate reliable morphological characteristics for identifying and separating female Phlebotomus caucasicus and Phlebotomus mongolensis which exist sympatrically in the main foci of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iran.Methods: Sand flies were collected using sticky trap papers from active colonies of rodent burrows installed from 16 catching sites. Morphometric measurements were analyzed of 87 Phlebotomus caucasicus and 156 Phlebotomus mongolensis. Univariate and multivariate analysis were carried out to determine significant morphometric variables for discrimination of the two species. Finally, seven morphological characteristics of 65 female Phlebotomus caucasicus and 124 female Phlebotomus mongolensis were described.Results: Univariate and multivariate analyses of 10 morphometric variables via Discriminant Function Analysis(DFA) and Principal Component Analysis(PCA) showed that five morphometric variables had an accuracy of 100% for discriminating female Phlebotomus caucasicus and Phlebotomus mongolensis. Moreover, PCA revealed that the five morphometric variables with the highest loadings separated these two species. Morphological studies on antennal flagellum(and its associated structures) and mouth-parts of female specimens demonstrated significant differences in several structures.Conclusions: The results show that morphological and morphometrical features can be used to discriminate two female isomorphic species, Phlebotomus caucasicus and Phlebotomus mongolensis accurately. | Azad Absavaran Mehdi Mohebali Vahideh Moin-Vaziri Alireza Zahraei-Ramazani Amir Ahmad Akhavan Fariba Mozaffarian Sayena Rafizadeh Yavar Rassi | 2019 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2019，12，4： | 0 |
| 9 | Evaluation of biological control agents for mosquitoes control in artificial breeding places显示文摘Objective:To evaluate the entomological impact of chlorpyrifos-methyl,Bacillus thuringiensis, and Gambusia affinis on mosquitoes control in artificial breeding places.Methods:A Latin square design with 4 replicates was performed in order to evaluate the efficacy of chlorpyrifosmethyl, Bacillus thuringiensis,and Gambusia affinis on larva.The larvicide was applied at the dosage of 100 mg a.h/ha,Bacillus thuringiensis at the recommended dosage and 10 fishes per m^2 were applied at 1×1 m^2 artificial breeding sites.The larval densities for both anopheline and culicine were counted according to larvae /10 dippers prior and 24 h after application.Results: All three control agents are effective for mosquito density reduction,and the difference between the three agents and the control is significant(P<0.05).There is also significant difference among chlorpyrifos-methyl,Bacillus thuringiensis and Gambusia affinis.Bacillus thuringiensis exhibited more reduction on mosquito larval density than fish and larvicide(P<0.05).Conclusions: Bacillus thuringiensis in comparison with two other agents is the appropriate method for larviciding in the breeding places.Although long term assessing for biological activities as well as monitoring and mapping of resistance is required. | Salim Abadi Yaser Vatandoost Hassan Rassi Yavar Abai Mohammad Reza Sanei Dehkordi Ali Reza Paksa Azim | 2010 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2010，3，4： | 0 |
| 10 | First detection of Leishmania infantum DNA in wild caught Phlebotomus papatasi in endemic focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis,south of Iran显示文摘Objective:To identify the vectors and reservoirs of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the endemic focus of Farashband,Fars Province,South of Iran.Methods:Sticky papers and Sherman trap were used for collection of sand flies and rodents,respectively.Polymerase chain reaction(PCR)of kDNA,ITS1-rDNA were used for identification of Leishmania parasite in sand flies as well as rodents.Results:Totally 2010 sand flies were collected and the species of Phlebotomus papatasi Scopoli was the common specimen in outdoors and indoors places.PCR technique was employed on 130females of Phlebotomus papatasi.One of them(0.76%)was positive to parasite Leishmania major(L.major)and one specimen(0.76%)was positive to Leishmania infantum.Microscopic investigation on blood smear of the animal reservoirs for amastigote parasites revealed 16(44%)infected Tatera indica.Infection of them to L.major was confirmed by PCR against kDNA loci of the parasite.Conclusions:The results indicated that Phlebotomus papatasi was the dominant species circulating two species of parasites including L.major and Leishmania infantum among human and reservoirs.Furthermore,Tatera indica is the only main host reservoir for maintenance of the parasite source in the area. | Rassi Yavar Karami Hadi Abai Mohammad Reza M Mohebali Bakshi Hasan Oshaghi Mohammad Ali Rafizadch Sina Bagherpoor Hagigi Habib Hosseini Abodolrahim Gholami Manuchehr | 2013 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine2013，3，10： | 0 |
| 11 | Spatial distribution and infection rate of leishmaniasis vectors(Diptera: Psychodidae) in Ardabil Province, Northwest of Iran显示文摘Objective: To determine the spatial distribution and infection rate of sand flies as vectors of Leishmania parasite in Ardabil province, northwest of Iran.Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The sand flies were collected from 30 areas in all 10 districts of Ardabil province during 2017. The specimens were caught using the sticky traps. The head and genitalia of sand flies were separated and mounted in Berlese solution for microscopic identification. The Geographical Information System ArcMap10.4.1 software was used to provide the spatial maps. Results: A total of 2 794 sand flies specimens were collected and 22 species of sand flies were identified from the two genera: Phlebotomus and Sergentomyia from Ardabil province. The highest frequency was found in Phlebotomus papatasi(23.7%) followed by Phlebotomus kandelakii(13.0%). The promastigote form of Leishmania infantum parasite has been reported from the three main vectors of visceral leishmaniasis(Phlebotomus kandelakii, Phlebotomus perfiliewi and Phlebotomus tobbi) from Ardabil province, where the spatial distribution map of these visceral leishmaniasis vectors was prepared. Some important species of sand flies such as Phlebotomus kandelakii, Phlebotomus perfiliewi and Phlebotomus tobbi were reported and identified as main and probable vectors of visceral leishmaniasis in Ardabil. Conclusions: According to the Geographic Information System based maps, the frequency of the sand flies as leishmaniasis vectors, the leishmania parasite infection rate and the prevalence of the disease in the central areas of Ardabil province are higher than in other areas in Ardabil province. | Eslam Moradi-Asl Yavar Rassi Ahmad Ali Hanafi-Bojd Abedin Saghafipour | 2019 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine2019，9，5： | 0 |
| 12 | Phlebotomus(Adlerius) kabulensis(Diptera: Psychodidae) a new record sand fly species from Iran: Morphological and molecular aspects显示文摘Objective: To represent a new geographical record, Phlebotomus(Adlerius) kabulensis(P.kabulensis), which is suspected to be a potential vector of visceral leishmaniasis.Methods: For the first time, P.kabulensis specimens were collected using the sticky paper traps method in outdoor places in mountainous areas with vegetation coverage of three provinces in Iran.Identification of males was based on ecological, morphological, morphometric and molecular(mtDNA cytochrome b gene sequences) criteria.Generally, males have two ascoids on the 8^(th)antennal segment and one ascoid on segments 9^(th)to 15^(th), aedeagus with normal obtuseangled sub-terminal notch and coxite with 27–50 groups of hairs on the distal half of its body.Results: Morphometric measurement revealed that P.kabulensis specimens were the same as compared with seven other morphological characters in three provinces of the country but lengths of the coxite were significantly different.The PCR result of the cytochrome b(Cyt b)-mtDNA fragment shows 550-bp length, with its special nucleotide arrangement.The male and female of P.kabulensis were newly discovered members of the subgenus Adlerius from Iran.Initial DNA analysis indicated how distinct this species is.Conclusions: The results show that the P.kabulensis female will be identified by comparing with other Adlerius female groups regarding its morphometric characters and molecular sequencing. | Alireza Zahraei-Ramazani Abedin Saghafipour Yavar Rassi | 2018 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2018，11，2： | 0 |
| 13 | Phenology and population dynamics of sand flies in a new focus of visceral leishmaniasis in Eastern Azarbaijan Province,North western of Iran显示文摘Objective:To investigate species composition,density,accumulated degree-day and diversity of sand flies during April to October 2010 in Azarshahr district,a new focus of visceral leishmaniasis in north western Iran.Methods:Sand flies were collected using sticky traps biweekly and were stored in 96%ethanol.All specimens were mounted in Puri’s medium for species identification using valid keys of sandflies.The density was calculated by the formula: number of specimens/m of sticky traps and number of specimens/ number of traps.Degree-day was calculated as follows:(Maximum temperature + Minimum temperature)/2—Minimum threshold.Diversity indices of the collected sand flies within different villages were estimated by the Shannon- weaver formula(H’=sum form(i=1) to s Pi log_e Pi ).Results:Totally 5 557 specimens comprising 16 Species(14 Phlebotomus,and 2 Sergentomyia) were indentified.The activity of the species extended from April to October.Common sand-flies in resting places were Phlebotomus papatasi, Phlebotomus sergenti and Phlebotomus mongolensis.The monthly average density was 37.6.41.1, 40.23,30.38 and 30.67 for Almalodash,Jaragil,Segaiesh,Amirdizaj and Germezgol villages, respectively.Accumulated degree-day from early January to late May was approximately 289 degree days.The minimum threshold temperature for calculating of accumulated degree-day was 17.32℃.According on the Shannon-weaver(H’),diversity of sand flies within area study were estimated as 0.917,1.867,1.339,1.673,and 1.562 in Almalodash,Jaragil,Segaiesh,Amirdizaj and Germezgol villages,respectively.Conclusions:This study is the first detailed research in terms of species composition,density,accumulated degree-day and diversity of sand flies in an endemic focus of visceral leishamaniasis in Azarshahr district.The population dynamics of sand flies in Azarshahr district were greatly affected by climatic factors.According to this study the highest activity of the collected sand fly species occurs at the teritary week of August.It could help health authorities to predicate period of maximum risk of visceral leishamaniasis transmission and implement control program. | Teimour Hazratian Yavar Rassi Mohammad Ali Oshaghi Mohammad Reza Yaghoobi-Ershadi Esmael Fallah Mohammad Reza Shirzadi Sina Rafizadeh | 2011 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2011，4，8： | 0 |
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