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| 1 | Device-associated infection rates, mortality, length of stay and bacterial resistance in intensive care units in Ecuador: International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium's findings显示文摘AIM To report the results of the International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium(INICC) study conducted in Quito, Ecuador.METHODS A device-associated healthcare-acquired infection(DAHAI) prospective surveillance study conducted from October 2013 to January 2015 in 2 adult intensive care units(ICUs) from 2 hospitals using the United States Centers for Disease Control/National Healthcare Safety Network(CDC/NHSN) definitions and INICC methods. RESULTS We followed 776 ICU patients for 4818 bed-days. The central line-associated bloodstream infection(CLABSI) rate was 6.5 per 1000 central line(CL)-days, the ventilator-associated pneumonia(VAP) rate was 44.3 per 1000 mechanical ventilator(MV)-days, and the catheterassociated urinary tract infection(CAUTI) rate was 5.7 per 1000 urinary catheter(UC)-days. CLABSI and CAUTI rates in our ICUs were similar to INICC rates [4.9(CLABSI) and 5.3(CAUTI)] and higher than NHSN rates [0.8(CLABSI) and 1.3(CAUTI)]- although device use ratios for CL and UC were higher than INICC and CDC/NSHN's ratios. By contrast, despite the VAP rate was higher than INICC(16.5) and NHSN's rates(1.1), MV DUR was lower in our ICUs. Resistance of A. baumannii to imipenem and meropenem was 75.0%, and of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to ciprofloxacin and piperacillin-tazobactam was higher than 72.7%, all them higher than CDC/NHSN rates. Excess length of stay was 7.4 d for patients with CLABSI, 4.8 for patients with VAP and 9.2 for patients CAUTI. Excess crude mortality in ICUs was 30.9% for CLABSI, 14.5% for VAP and 17.6% for CAUTI. CONCLUSION DA-HAI rates in our ICUs from Ecuador are higher than United States CDC/NSHN rates and similar to INICC international rates. | Estuardo Salgado Yepez Maria M Bovera Victor D Rosenthal Hugo A González Flores Leonardo Pazmino Francisco Valencia Nelly Alquinga Vanessa Ramirez Edgar Jara Miguel Lascano Veronica Delgado Cristian Cevallos Gasdali Santacruz Cristian Pelaéz Celso Zaruma Diego Barahona Pinto | 2017 | World Journal of Biological Chemistry2017，8，1： | 23 |
| 2 | Pharmacogenomics in colorectal cancer: The first step for individualized-therapy显示文摘Interindividual differences in the toxicity and response to anticancer therapies are currently observed in practically all available treatment regimens. A goal of cancer therapy is to predict patient response and toxicity to drugs in order to facilitate the individualization of patient treatment. Identification of subgroups of patients that differ in their prognosis and response to treatment could help to identify the best available drug therapy according the genetic profile. Several mechanisms have been suggested to contribute to chemo-therapeutic drug resistance: amplification or overexpression of membrane transporters, changes in cellular proteins involved in detoxification or in DNA repair, apoptosis and activation of oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is regarded as intrinsically resistant to chemotherapy. Several molecular markers predictive of CRC therapy have been included during the last decade but their results in different studies complicate their application in practical clinical. The simultaneous testing of multiple markers predictive of response could help to identify more accurately the true role of these polymorphisms in CRC therapy. This review analyzes the role of genetic variants in genes involved in the action mechanisms of the drugs used at present in colorectal cancer. | Eva Bandrés Ruth Zárate Natalia Ramirez Ana Abajo Nerea Bitarte Jesus García-Foncillas | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，44： | 4 |
| 3 | Moving forward in colorectal cancer research, what proteomics has to tell显示文摘Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer and is highly fatal. During the last several years, research has been primarily based on the study of expression profiles using microarray technology. But now, investigators are putting into practice proteomic analyses of cancer tissues and cells to identify new diagnostic or therapeutic biomarkers for this cancer. Because the proteome reflects the state of a cell, tissue or organism more accurately, much is expected from proteomics to yield better tumor markers for disease diagnosis and therapy monitoring. This review summarizes the most relevant applications of proteomics the biomarker discovery for colorectal cancer. | Nerea Bitarte Eva Bandrés Ruth Zárate Natalia Ramirez Jesus Garcia-Foncillas | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，44： | 3 |
| 4 | Toll LikeReceptor-9 Dependent Immune Activation by Unmethylated CpG Motifs in Aspergillus fumigatus DNA显示文摘 | Ramirez Z G Specht O C Wang J P | 2008 | Infect Immunol2008，76，5： | 1 |
| 5 | In vitro and in vivo adenovirus mediated P53 and p16 tumor suppressor therapy in ovarian cancer 显示文摘 | MODESITT S C RAMIREZ P ZU Z | 2001 | Clin Cancer Res2001，7，： | 1 |
| 6 | Improving Image Derived Vegetation Maps with Regression based Distribution Modeling显示文摘 | Dobrowski S Z Greenberg J A Ramirez C M | 2006 | Ecological Modeling2006，192，： | 1 |
| 7 | Optimal injection policies for enhanced oil recovery显示文摘 | Fathl Z Ramirez W F | 1984 | SPEJ1984，24，3： | 1 |
| 8 | Split intein mediated ultra-rapid purification of tagless protein ( sirp ) 显示文摘 | Guan D Ramirez M Chen Z | 2013 | Biotechnol Bioeng2013，110，9： | 1 |
| 9 | Association of serum pepsinogen with atrophic body gastritis in Costa Rica显示文摘 | Sierra R Une C Ramirez Z | 2006 | Clin Exp Med2006，6，： | 1 |
| 10 | In vitro and in vivo adenovirus-mediated p53 and p16 rumor suppressor therapy in ovarian cancer显示文摘 | Modesitt SC Ramirez P Zu Z | 2001 | Clin Cancer Res2001，7，6： | 1 |
| 11 | Myofibroblast Transdifferentiation in obliterative bronchiolitis:TGF-beta signaling through smad3-dependent and-independent pathways显示文摘 | Ramirez AM Shen Z Ritzenthaler JD | 2006 | Am J Transplant2006，6，9： | 1 |
| 12 | A DC-DC multilevel Boost converter显示文摘 | Rosas-Caro J C Ramirez J M Peng F Z | 2009 | IET Power Electronics2009，59，1： | 1 |
| 13 | Invariant NKT ceils from HIV-1 or Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected patients express an activated phenotype显示文摘 | Montoya C J Catano JC Ramirez Z | 2008 | Clin Immuno2008，127，1： | 1 |
| 14 | Leakage post esophagogastrectomy for esophageal carcinoma:retrospective analysis of predictive factors,management and influence on long-term survival in a high volume centre Eur显示文摘 | Unemann Ramirez M Awan M Y Khan Z M | 2005 | Eur Cardiothorac Surg2005，27，1： | 1 |
| 15 | In vitro and in vivo adenovirus -mediated p53 and p16 tumor suppressortherapy in ovarian cancer 显示文摘 | Modesitt SC Ramirez P Zu Z | 2001 | Clin Cancer Res2001，7，6： | 1 |
| 16 | Optimal injection policies for enhanced oil recovery: Part 1 -- Theory and computational strategies显示文摘 | Ramirez W F Fathi Z Cagnol J L | 1984 | Society of Petroleum Engineers Journal1984，24，3： | 1 |
| 17 | Interleukin-1 genetic polymorphism: association with gastric cancer in the high-risk Central-Western population of Venezuela 显示文摘 | Canas M Moran Y Rivero MB Bohorquez A Villegas V Rendon Y Ramirez E Valderrama E Briceno Z Chiurillo MA 2009 | 2009 | Rev Med Chil2009，137，1： | 1 |
| 18 | Uses of optimal control theory for computing optimal injection policies for enhanced oilrecovery显示文摘 | Fathi Z Ramirez W F | 1986 | Automatica1986，22，1： | 1 |
| 19 | Myofibroblast transdifferentiation in obliterative bronehiolitis: tgf-beta signaling through smad3-dependent and -independent pathways 显示文摘 | RAMIREZ AM SHEN Z RITZENTHALER JD | 2006 | Am J Transplant2006，6，9： | 1 |
| 20 | { alpha}2 { beta } 1 integrin expression in the tumor microenvironment enhances tumor angiogenesis in a tumor - cell specific manner 显示文摘 | Zhang Z Ramirez NE Yankeelov TE | 2008 | Blood2008，111，4： | 1 |
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