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| 1 | Community Responses to Mountain Tourism:A Case in Bhyundar Valley,Indian Himalaya显示文摘Tourism industry has become an important part of Indian economy,and tourism development has been,however,concentrated to a few areas. Accumulation of tourism activities has reached the critical stage in most of the tourism centers,which pose serious threats to the natural environment. The Bhyundar Valley of Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve (NDBR) in Uttarakhand State of the Indian Himalaya is a burning example of such problems. Land use/cover changes,deforestation and accumulation of garbage are some of the negative impacts of unregulated tourism in the valley. Unsustainable activities of tourists and villagers in the valley make such problems very severe. To deal with the ongoing problems and ensure community involvement in tourism management and environmental conservation,the Biosphere Reserve Authority introduced ecotourism in the form of Eco Development Committees (EDCs) in the Bhyundar Valley. Study reveals that many problems associated with tourism have been minimized to some extent with the help of EDCs but few are still prevailing in valley. However,the existing attempts to conserve the valley from the negative effects of tourism are inadequate and modifications are needed in the current initiatives. | Ram Babu Singh Suraj Mal Chandra Prakash Kala | 2009 | Journal of Mountain Science2009，6，4： | 6 |
| 2 | Syntrophic co-culture of Bacillus subtilis and Klebsiella pneumonia for degradation of kraft lignin discharged from rayon grade pulp industry显示文摘In order to search the degradability of kraft lignin, the potential bacterial strains Bacillus subtilis(GU193980) and Klebsiella pneumoniae(GU193981) were isolated, screened and applied in axenic and co-culture conditions. Results revealed that mixed culture showed better decolorization efficiency(80%) and reduction of pollution parameters(COD 73% and BOD62%) than axenic culture. This indicated syntrophic growth of these two bacteria rather than any antagonistic effect. The HPLC analysis of degraded samples of kraft lignin has shown the reduction in peak area compared to control, suggesting that decrease in color intensity might be largely attributed to the degradation of lignin by isolated bacteria.Further, the GC–MS analysis showed that most of the compounds detected in control were diminished after bacterial treatment. Further, the seed germination test using Phaseolus aureus has supported the detoxification of bacterial decolorized kraft lignin for environmental safety. All these observations have revealed that the developed bacterial co-culture was capable for the effective degradation and decolorization of lignin containing rayon grade pulp mill wastewater for environmental safety. | Sangeeta Yadav Ram Chandra | 2015 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2015，27，7： | 4 |
| 3 | Application of hopcalite catalyst for controlling carbon monoxide emission at cold-start emission conditions显示文摘Carbon monoxide(CO) is a poisonous gas particularly to all leaving being present in the atmosphere.An estimate has shown that the vehicular exhaust contributes the largest source of CO pollution in developed countries.Due to the exponentially increasing number of automobile vehicles on roads,CO concentrations have reached an alarming level in urban areas.To control this vehicular exhaust pollution,the end-of-pipe-technology using catalytic converters is recommended.The catalysts operating efficiently in a catalytic converter are a challenging class of materials for applications in cold start of engines to maintain indoor air quality.In the cold start period,the catalytic converter was entirely inactive,because the catalytic converter had not been warmed up.The cold start phase is also depending upon the characteristics of vehicles and property of catalysts.The increasing cost of noble metals with the increasing number of vehicles motivates the investigation of material concepts to reduce the precious metal content in automotive catalysts or to find a substitute for noble metals.Hopcalite(CuMnOx) catalyst could work very well at the low temperature;thus,it can overcome the problem of cold-start emissions if used in a catalytic converter.Further,low cost,easy availability and advanced synthesis methods with stabilizer,promoter,etc.,advocates for the use of hopcalite as an auto exhaust purification catalyst.Although there are numerous research articles present on this topic until now,no review has been presented for demanding this issue.So there is a space in this area,and it has been made an attempt to seal this hole and progress the future scope for hopcalite catalyst for purification of exhaust gases by this review. | Subhashish Dey Ganesh Chandra Dhal Devendra Mohan Ram Prasad | 2019 | Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition)2019，6，5： | 3 |
| 4 | Distribution Pattern of Vascular Plant Species of Mountains in Nepal and their Fate Against Global Warming显示文摘This study aims to find the altitudinal distribution pattern of vascular plant species reported from high mountain of Nepal(Manang) along the whole Himalayan elevation gradient, and evaluate their fate against climate change. Data was gathered from multiple sources, field investigations, literatures, and herbarium specimens. Altogether, 303 vascular plant species were reported from Manang. We used a published data to calculate distribution range of each species by interpolating between its upper and lower elevation limits. The relationship between elevation and species richness is elucidated by generalized linear model. The consequence of global warming upon Manang's vascular plant species was estimated based on projected temperature change for next century and adiabatic lapse rate along the elevation gradient of the Himalayas. The vascular plant species richness has a unimodel relationship with elevation along the whole elevation gradient of Nepal as well as in three biogeographical regions of Nepal. Vascular plants of Manang are found distributed from low land Terai to high alpine regions of Nepal and their elevation distribution range varies from 200 to 4700 m. Out of 303 vascular plants of Manang, only seven species might be affected if temperature increase by 1.5°C, whereas at least 70 species will be affected with 5°C temperature increased. However, the majority of species(233 species) have wider distribution range(> 1000 m) and more than 5°C temperature tolerance range, thus they are likely to be less affected from global warming by the end of 21 st century. | Suresh Chandra SUBEDI Khem Raj BHATTARAI Ram Prasad CHAUUDHARY | 2015 | Journal of Mountain Science2015，12，6： | 3 |
| 5 | Deep-ultraviolet integrated photonic and optoelectronic devices:A prospect of the hybridization of group Ⅲ–nitrides, Ⅲ–oxides,and two-dimensional materials显示文摘Progress in the design and fabrication of ultraviolet and deep-ultraviolet groupⅢ–nitride optoelectronic devices,based on aluminum gallium nitride and boron nitride and their alloys,and the heterogeneous integration with two-dimensional and oxide-based materials is reviewed.We emphasize wide-bandgap nitride compound semiconductors(i.e.,(B,Al,Ga)N)as the deep-ultraviolet materials of interest,and two-dimensional materials,namely graphene,two-dimensional boron nitride,and two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides,along with gallium oxide,as the hybrid integrated materials.We examine their crystallographic properties and elaborate on the challenges that hinder the realization of efficient and reliable ultraviolet and deep-ultraviolet devices.In this article we provide an overview of aluminum nitride,sapphire,and gallium oxide as platforms for deep-ultraviolet optoelectronic devices,in which we criticize the status of sapphire as a platform for efficient deep-ultraviolet devices and detail advancements in device growth and fabrication on aluminum nitride and gallium oxide substrates.A critical review of the current status of deep-ultraviolet light emission and detection materials and devices is provided. | Nasir Alfaraj Jung-Wook Min Chun Hong Kang Abdullah A.Alatawi Davide Priante Ram Chandra Subedi Malleswararao Tangi Tien Khee Ng Boon S.Ooi | 2019 | Journal of Semiconductors2019，40，12： | 2 |
| 6 | Ethanol steam reforming study over ZSM-5 supported cobalt versus nickel catalyst for renewable hydrogen generation显示文摘The renewable hydrogen generation through ethanol steam reforming is one of the anticipated areas for sustainable hydrogen generation. To elucidate the role of Ni and Co with ZSM-5 support, catalysts were prepared by wet impregnation method and ethanol steam reforming(ESR) was performed. The catalysts were characterized by HR-XRD, ATR–FTIR, HR-SEM, TEM with SAED, EDAX, surface area analyzer and TPR. It had shown complete ethanol conversion at 773 K, but the selectivity in hydrogen generation was found higher for 10% Ni/ZSM-5 catalyst as compared to 10% Co/ZSM-5. The 10% Ni/ZSM-5 catalyst has about 72% hydrogen selectivity at temperature 873 K. It indicates that Ni is a more sustainable catalyst as compared to Co with ZSM-5 support for ESR. The C_2H_4 was found major undesirable products up to 823 K temperature. Nevertheless, the 10% Ni/ZSM-5 catalyst had shown its stability for high temperature(873 K) ESR performance. | Ashutosh Kumar Ram Prasad Yogesh Chandra Sharma | 2019 | Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering2019，27，3： | 2 |
| 7 | BISAP评分与Ranson评分和CT严重指数预测印度急性胰腺炎患者并发症发生率和病死率的比较研究显示文摘目的:本研究通过印度中东部地区一家三甲医院,前瞻性评估急性胰腺炎严重度床边指数(BISAP)评分预测急性胰腺炎患者病死率及疾病进展中间指标的准确性,从而为贫困人群提供一个经济、有效的预后预测方法。方法:2012-2014年间我们中心连续收治的119例急性胰腺炎患者纳入研究。起病24 h内对所有病例进行BISAP评分,同时也进行Ranson评分和CT严重指数(CTSI)评估。采用趋势和判别分析来对这三种评分系统对病死率的预测价值进行评价。通过受试者操作特征(ROC)曲线评估这三种评分系统对急性胰腺炎患者病死率及疾病进展中间指标(器官衰竭和胰腺坏死)的预测情况。结果:119例入组病例中42例(35.2%)出现器官衰竭,定义为重症急性胰腺炎,47例(39.5%)发生胰腺坏死,12例(10.1%)死亡。BISAP评分预测重症急性胰腺炎、胰腺坏死和死亡的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.962、0.934和0.846。Ranson评分预测重症急性胰腺炎(AUC 0.956)和死亡(AUC 0.841)的准确性稍低于BISAP评分。CTSI在预测胰腺坏死方面的准确性最高,AUC为0.958。以≥3分作为截点,BISAP评分预测病死率的敏感性和特异性分别为100%和69.2%。结论:BISAP评分简单实用,在急性胰腺炎起病24 h内即可鉴别出高危死亡风险及高危疾病进展风险的患者。这种风险分层方法可用以提高临床诊治,并有助于临床研究中的病例入组。 | Jitin Yadav Sanjay Kumar Yadav Satish Kumar Ranjan George Baxla Dipendra Kumar Sinha Pankaj Bodra Ram Chandra Besra Babu Mani Baski Om Prakash Abhinav Anand | 2016 | Gastroenterology Report2016，4，3： | 2 |
| 8 | Incidence and management of white grub, Schizonycha ruficollis on seedlings of teak (Tectona grandis Linn, f,)显示文摘调查在圣甲虫甲壳虫的发生上在 5 月的第二个星期和 9 月的结束之间从 2002 ~ 2005 每年被进行,在一棵柚木的 Schizonycha ruficollis (赘言作家)(Tectona 宏大是 L.f ) 在 Ramdongari 的托儿所, Nagpur,印度。不成熟的阶段,那是白的,圣甲虫甲壳虫的蛴螬在苗床损坏了柚木幼苗的 14%-52% 种类的成年人,那是圣甲虫甲壳虫,在三棵新主人树上被记录(Ziziphus xylopyra,相思树阿仙药和 A。leucophloea ) 除了象 ziziphus 那样的报导主人(Z。jujuba 和 Z。mauritiana ) 。S 的甲壳虫。ruficollis 开始就在季风前淋浴以后从苗床出现并且继续 10-18 天。当时 5 的甲壳虫。ruficollis 落叶在环境可得到的树主人,甲壳虫的不成熟的阶段由用在森林苗床枯萎和死亡的症状在柚木幼苗的根系上喂引起了主要损坏。为 S 的蛴螬的管理的化学、生物的处理的结果。在苗床的 ruficollis 显示了 phorate 10% 以 20 g/m^2 和 chlorpyriphos 的率小粒 20% 可使乳化以 5.0 mL/m^2 的率专注有效。S 的蛴螬。ruficollis 没作为柚木的一个主要害虫以前被记录(T。宏大) 。这也是 S 的出现上的第一份报告。象 Z 那样的树主人上的 ruficollis 成年人。xylopyra,一。阿仙药和 A。leucophloea。白蛴螬是经济重要性和最坚韧的昆虫的害虫设法,在发生,害虫地位和 Schizonycha ruficollis 的管理上在这篇论文给的信息具有到研究人员和森林托儿所经理的重要性。 | NITIN KULKARNI KAILASH CHANDRA PRAFULLA NARAHAR WAGH KAILASH CHANDRA JOSHI RAM BHAJAN SINGH | 2007 | Insect Science2007，14，5： | 1 |
| 9 | Trial on exotic poplars in Himachal Pradesh显示文摘 | Chandra J P Ram A | | 0，，1： | 1 |
| 10 | Futureperspective of school disaster education in Nepal 显示文摘 | Koichi Shiwaku*Rajib Shaw Ram Chandra KandeheZ al | 2007 | DisasterPrevention and Management2007，16，57： | 1 |
| 11 | Effect of Pest Exclusion Net(PEN)on the Sustainable Production of Late Season Broad Leaf Mustard(BLM)in Chitwan,Nepal显示文摘Broad leaf mustard(BLM)(Brassica juncea L.var.rugosa,Brassicaceae)is one of the most widely consumed vegetable crops in Nepal.The production of crop in open field is constrained by major pests like mustard aphid and flea beetle.This study was aimed to determine the effects of pest exclusion net(PEN)on pest-infestation and yield of BLM cultivar“Khumal Broad Leaf”.The experiment was carried out in randomized complete block design(RCBD)with five treatments and four replications.The treatments included control(no mulch+no net+no pesticide spray),black plastic mulch only,reflective plastic mulch only,black plastic mulch+no net+pesticide spray,and PEN+black plastic mulch+no pesticide spray.Data were analyzed with RSTAT software package and means were separated by Duncan’s multiple range test(DMRT)at 5%level of significance.The result revealed that crop under PEN had highest plant height(38.99 cm),lowest number of aphid(0-0.86 per plant),flea beetle(0-1.07 per plant)and highest total marketable yield(77.50 ton/ha)while control had lowest plant height(20.06 cm),highest number of aphid(maximum 2.49 per plant),flea beetle(maximum 2.00 per plant)and lowest total marketable yield(13.75 ton/ha).Economic analysis revealed highest benefit-cost ratio in PEN(9.90).This study indicates that the use of PEN protect BLM against aphid and flea beetle,increases yield and can be considered as a viable technology for BLM production by smallholder growers of Nepal. | Ram Chandra Neupane Arjun Kumar Shrestha Rajendra Regmi Kim Fooyontphanich Ananta Raj Devkota | 2018 | Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A)2018，8，5： | 1 |
| 12 | Melanoidins as major colourant insugarcane molasses based distillery effluent andits degradation显示文摘 | RAM CHANDRA RAM NARESH BHARAGAVA VIBHUTI RAI | 2008 | Bioresource Technology2008，99，： | 1 |
| 13 | Genomie structures of viral agents in the relation to the biosynthe- sis of selenopreteins显示文摘 | Ethan Will Taylor Ram Gopal Nanddimpalli Chandra Sekar Ramana- than | 1997 | Biologieal trace Element Research1997，56，1： | 1 |
| 14 | Fu-ture perspective of school disaster education in Nepal显示文摘 | Koichi Shiwaku Rajib Shaw Ram Chandra Kandel | | 0，，04： | 1 |
| 15 | Melanoidins as major colourant in sugarcane molasses based distillery effuent and its degradation显示文摘 | Ram Chandra Ram Naresh Bharagava Vibhuti Rai | 2008 | Bioresource Technology2008，99，： | 1 |
| 16 | Decolourisation and detoxification of rayon grade pulp paper mill effluent by mixed bacterial culture isolated from pulp paper mill effluent pollute dsite显示文摘 | Ram Chandra Rachna Singh | 2012 | Biochemical Engineering Journal2012，61，： | 1 |
| 17 | 查看详情显示文摘 | Ram V.J Saxena A.S Srivastava S Chandra S | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 18 | Effect of phosphamidon on the testes of albino rats : a histological study 显示文摘 | Ram Bahadur kuwar Chandra Bhusan Jha Ajit Kumar Saxena | 2006 | Nepal Med Coll J2006，8，4： | 1 |
| 19 | Melanoidins as major colourant in sugarcane molasses based distillery effluent and its degradation 显示文摘 | Ram Chandra | 2008 | Bioresource Technology2008，，99： | 1 |
| 20 | A novel thallium(Ⅲ)- mediated approach to 2-substituted thiazoles from enolizable ketones显示文摘 | MAHAVIR S K CHANDRA P G RAM P K | 1993 | India Journal of Chemistry1993，32，： | 1 |
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