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| 1 | 我国成年人单纯性收缩期高血压患病率调查显示文摘目的评估我国成年人单纯性收缩期高血压的患病率及其人群分布。方法亚洲国际心血管病合作研究(InterASIA)于2000至2001年进行,应用多阶段抽样方法选择15540名35~74岁成年人为代表性样本,分析单纯性收缩期高血压和其他亚型高血压的患病率。应用标准问卷调查高血压病史及其治疗情况。血压值为休息5min后3次坐位血压测量值的平均值。未接受抗高血压治疗的个体通过以下标准确定高血压亚型单纯性收缩期高血压为收缩压≥140mmHg(1mmHg=0133kPa),舒张期血压<90mmHg;单纯性舒张期高血压为收缩压<140mmHg,舒张压≥90mmHg,而收缩期和舒张期联合性高血压为收缩压≥140mmHg,舒张压≥90mmHg。结果15540名35~74岁成年人样本中,76%(1181人)患有单纯性收缩期高血压,74%(1150人)患有收缩期和舒张期联合性高血压,而44%(683人)患有单纯性舒张期高血压。收缩期高血压的患病率随着年龄的增长而增加,且老年女性比老年男性更为常见。南方与北方地区的单纯性收缩期高血压患病率没有明显差异;农村单纯性收缩期高血压患病率高于城市。结论我国收缩期高血压患病率较高,应引起重视。 | 黄建凤 Rachel P.Wildman 顾东风 Paul Muntner 宿少勇 | 2005 | 中华预防医学杂志2005，39，1： | 63 |
| 2 | Dendritic cell-based immunotherapy显示文摘用树枝状的房间(DC ) 的免疫疗法基于种痘是为利用病人自己的潜力的一条同意的途径在变形荷尔蒙倔强的癌症消除肿瘤房间的免疫系统。尽管许多 DC 疫苗在诊所,并且在与临床的结果联系的一些情况中被测试了并且证明产生免疫性,外套在那里不仍然是怎么生产 DC 疫苗上的一致。能在我们将讨论什么从临床的研究关于人的 DC 生物学远这样被了解了,并且来临怎么当前在诊所使用 DC 疫苗的这评论被改进提高反肿瘤免疫。 | Rachel L Sabado Sreekumar Balan Nina Bhardwaj | 2017 | Cell Research2017，27，1： | 63 |
| 3 | 童年中期儿童社交地位、社交自我知觉与孤独感的关系研究显示文摘以554名3~6年级的小学生为被试,采用量表法、同伴提名法探讨童年中期儿童社交地位、社交自我知觉与孤独感的关系。结果表明:(1)3~6年级小学生的孤独感有显著的性别差异,男生的孤独感显著高于女生。(2)不同社交地位的儿童其孤独感也不同,低接纳组儿童的孤独感显著高于一般接纳组和高接纳组,而一般接纳组与高接纳组儿童的孤独感差异不显著。(3)在高接纳组儿童中,社交自我知觉消极的儿童其孤独感显著高于社交自我知觉一般的儿童,社交自我知觉一般的儿童其孤独感显著高于社交自我知觉积极的儿童;但是在一般接纳组和低接纳组中,社交自我知觉不同的儿童其孤独感并没有显著差异。 | 周宗奎 赵冬梅 陈晶 蒋京川 Rachel Hundley孟菲斯大学心理系 | 2003 | 心理发展与教育2003，19，4： | 72 |
| 4 | Modeling sustainability:population,inequality,consumption,and bidirectional coupling of the Earth and Human Systems显示文摘Over the last two centuries,the impact of the Human System has grown dramatically,becoming strongly dominant within the Earth System in many diferent ways.Consumption,inequality,and population have increased extremely fast,especially since about 1950,threatening to overwhelm the many critical functions and ecosystems of the Earth System.Changes in the Earth System,in turn,have important feedback efects on the Human System,with costly and potentially serious consequences.However,current models do not incorporate these critical feedbacks.We argue that in order to understand the dynamics of either system,Earth System Models must be coupled with Human System Models through bidirectional couplings representing the positive,negative,and delayed feedbacks that exist in the real systems.In particular,key Human System variables,such as demographics,inequality,economic growth,and migration,are not coupled with the Earth System but are instead driven by exogenous estimates,such as United Nations population projections.his makes current models likely to miss important feedbacks in the real Earth–Human system,especially those that may result in unexpected or counterintuitive outcomes,and thus requiring diferent policy interventions from current models.he importance and imminence of sustainability challenges,the dominant role of the Human System in the Earth System,and the essential roles the Earth System plays for the Human System,all call for collaboration of natural scientists,social scientists,and engineers in multidisciplinary research and modeling to develop coupled Earth–Human system models for devising efective science-based policies and measures to beneit current and future generations. | Safa Motesharrei Jorge Rivas Eugenia Kalnay Ghassem R.Asrar Antonio J.Busalacchi Robert F.Cahalan Mark A.Cane Rita R.Colwell Kuishuang Feng Rachel S.Franklin Klaus Hubacek Fernando Miralles-Wilhelm Takemasa Miyoshi Matthias Ruth Roald Sagdeev Adel Shirmohammadi Jagadish Shukla Jelena Srebric Victor M.Yakovenko Ning Zeng | 2016 | National Science Review2016，3，4： | 34 |
| 5 | Bactericidal and anti-adhesive properties of culinary and medicinal plants against Helicobacter pylori显示文摘AIM: To investigate the bactericidal and anti-adhesive properties of 25 plants against Helicobacter pylori (H pylori).METHODS: Twenty-five plants were boiled in water to produce aqueous extracts that simulate the effect of cooking. The bactericidal activity of the extracts was assessed by a standard kill-curve with seven strains of H pylori. The anti-adhesive property was assessed by the inhibition of binding of four strains of FITC-labeled H pylori to stomach sections. RESULTS: Of all the plants tested, eight plants, including Bengal quince, nightshade, garlic, dill, black pepper, coriander, fenugreek and black tea, were found to have no bactericidal effect on any of the isolates. Columbo weed, long pepper, parsley, tarragon, nutmeg, yellow-berried nightshade, threadstem carpetweed, sage and cinnamon had bactericidal activities against H pylori, but total inhibition of growth was not achieved in this study. Among the plants that killed H pylori, turmeric was the most efficient, followed by cumin, ginger, chilli, borage, black caraway, oregano and liquorice. Moreover, extracts of turmeric; borage and parsley were able to inhibit the adhesion of H pylori strains to the stomach sections.CONCLUSION: Several plants that were tested in our study had bactericidal and/or anti-adhesive effects on H pylori. Ingestion of the plants with anti-adhesive properties could therefore provide a potent alternative therapy for H pylori infection, which overcomes the problem of resistance associated with current antibiotic treatment. | Rachel O'Mahony Huda Al-Khtheeri Deepaka Weerasekera Neluka Fernando Dino Vaira John Holton Christelle Basset | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，47： | 29 |
| 6 | 新型农村合作医疗对灾难性卫生支出的影响研究显示文摘研究对2006年和2008年山东和宁夏两省(自治区)样本地区新农合补偿前后住院费用造成灾难性卫生支出发生率和灾难性卫生支出平均差距进行了分析。结果发现,新农合补偿在降低灾难性卫生支出发生率和灾难性卫生支出平均差距上起到了越来越明显的作用,但是从目前的整体补偿水平看,这种作用还是比较小的。 | 宫习飞 于保荣 孟庆跃 严非 Tolhurst Rachel | 2009 | 卫生经济研究2009，26，9： | 29 |
| 7 | Obesity leads to higher risk of sperm DNA damage in infertile patients显示文摘在在富饶上的男营养的影响的过去几年有成长兴趣。不孕被连接了到男过重或肥胖,并且常规精液参数值似乎在高身体团索引(BMI ) 的情况下被改变。在精子 DNA 正直上估计 BMI 的影响的一些研究被出版了,但是他们没导致强壮的一致。我们的目的是进一步探索在精子 DNA 正直和 BMI 之间的关系,通过 3 年的 multicentre 研究。在 subfertile 夫妇的 330 个男搭挡被包括。用标记的终端 uridine 刻痕结束(TUNEL ) 试金,我们在肥胖的人观察了精子 DNA 损坏的增加的率(机会比率(95 %信心间隔) :2.5 (1.2-5.1 )) 。 | Charlotte Dupont Celine Fauret Nathalie Sermondade Marouane Boubaya Florence Eustache Patrice Clement Pascal Briot Isabelle Berthaut Vincent Levy Isabelle Cedrin-Durnerin Brigitte Benzacken Pascale Chavatte-Palmer Rachel Levy | 2013 | Asian Journal of Andrology2013，15，5： | 27 |
| 8 | Coarctation of the aorta:Management from infancy to adulthood显示文摘Coarctation of the aorta is a relatively common form of congenital heart disease, with an estimated incidence of approximately 3 cases per 10000 births. Coarctation is a heterogeneous lesion which may present across all age ranges, with varying clinical symptoms, in isolation, or in association with other cardiac defects. The first surgical repair of aortic coarctation was described in 1944, and since that time, several other surgical techniques have been developed and modified. Additionally, transcatheter balloon angioplasty and endovascular stent placement offer less invasive approaches for the treatment of coarctation of the aorta for some patients. While overall morbidity and mortality rates are low for patients undergoing intervention for coarctation, both surgical and transcatheter interventions are not free from adverse outcomes. Therefore, patients must be followed closely over their lifetime for complications such as recoarctation, aortic aneurysm, persistent hypertension, and changes in any associated cardiac defects. Considerable effort has been expended investigating the utility and outcomes of various treatment approaches for aortic coarctation, which are heavily influenced by a patient's anatomy, size, age, and clinical course. Here we review indications for intervention, describe and compare surgical and transcatheter techniques for management of coarctation, and explore the associated outcomes in both children and adults. | Rachel D Torok Michael J Campbell Gregory A Fleming Kevin D Hill | 2015 | World Journal of Cardiology2015，7，11： | 27 |
| 9 | Recent advances in biodegradation controls over Mg alloys for bone fracture management: A review显示文摘Magnesium(Mg) alloys possess comparable physical and mechanical properties to bone, making them an outstanding candidate of implant materials for bone fracture treatment. In addition to the excellent biocompatibility, and bioactivity, the engagement of Mg alloys is key for a number of biological functionalities in the human body. The unique biodegradation nature of Mg alloy implants implies that it may not require a secondary removal procedure when the expected supporting tasks accomplish, as they may simply and safely 'disappear' over time. Nonetheless, the demonstrated drawback of potentially rapid degradation, is an issue that must be addressed appropriately for Mg implants and is consequently given unique attention in this review article. Herein, the critical criteria and the state-of-the-art strategies for controlling the degradation process of Mg alloys are reported. Furthermore, future developments of biodegradable Mg and its alloys systems with satisfactory specifications for clinical trials and deployment,are discussed. This review aims to provide information to materials scientists and clinical practitioners in the context of developing practical biodegradable Mg alloys. | Ming-Shi Song Rong-Chang Zeng Yun-Fei Ding Rachel W.Li Mark Easton Ivan Cole Nick Birbilis Xiao-Bo Chen | 2019 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2019，35，4： | 26 |
| 10 | 流动人口结核病知识需求和健康教育现况分析显示文摘目的:了解流动人口结核病健康教育的现状,探索存在的问题和解决措施。方法:流动人口小组讨论、流动人口中慢性咳嗽患者和结核病病人的个人深入访谈,结核病控制相关人员的关键人物访谈。结果:流动人口结核病知识贫乏和防范意识差,流动人口健康教育可及性较差,健康教育中存在一些问题。结论:流动人口是结核病健康教育的目标人群,健康教育开展要不断广泛、深入。 | 李颖 汪洋 Rachel Tolhurst 许红 龙倩 杨红 许艳 王曰雷 刘琴 桂勇 胡代玉 陈静 | 2006 | 现代预防医学2006，33，2： | 24 |
| 11 | Erectile dysfunction after transurethral prostatectomy for lower urinary tract symptoms:results from a center with over 500 patients显示文摘瞄准:为良性的职业人员静电干扰增生(BPH ) 在前列腺(TURP ) 的经尿道切除术以后为可勃起的机能障碍(编辑) 识别可能的风险因素。方法:在 1999 年 3 月和 2004 年 3 月之间, 629 个病人为征兆的 BPH 的治疗在我们的部门经历了 TURP。所有病人经历了 transrectal 超声检查。另外,流动率,尿残余,国际前列腺症状分数(IPSS ) 和生命(QOL ) 的质量为没有一根导管,介绍了的那些被记录。最后,病人的可勃起的功能根据可勃起的功能仪器(IIEF-5 ) 问询表的国际索引被评估。在哪儿有不到 21 的一个全部的分数,被决定编辑存在。流动率, IPSS 和 QOL 评价在 3 和 6 个月被执行处理以后。IIEF-5 评价在 6 月的后续被重复。逻辑回归分析被用来鉴别潜力为编辑结果冒因素的风险:在基线, 522 (83%) 病人们回答了 IIEF-5 问询表。吝啬的耐心的年龄是(63.7+/-9.7 ) 年。编辑率是 65% 。在 6 个月以后,(88%) 459 从 522 个病人归还了 IIEF 问询表。这个组的其余部分从统计分析被排除。在 TURP 以后的六个月,报导编辑的病人的率增加了到 77% 。统计分析表明在 TURP 以后与最新报导的编辑联系的唯一的重要因素是糖尿病(P = 0.003, r = 3.67 ) 并且观察 intraoperative 胶囊的穿孔(P = 0.02, r = 1.12 ) 。结论:在 TURP 以后的手术后的、最新报导的编辑的发生是 12% 。为它的出现的风险因素是糖尿病和 intraoperative 胶囊的穿孔。 | Vassilis Poulakis Nikolaos Ferakis Ulrich Witzsch Rachelle de Vries Eduard Becht | 2006 | Asian Journal of Andrology2006，8，1： | 21 |
| 12 | Sperm DNA fragmentation, recurrent implantation failure and recurrent miscarriage显示文摘证据正在增加精子 DNA 的正直可能也与培植失败和周期性的流产(RM ) 有关。调查这,在有在 vitro 授精,与 RM 诊断的 16 个女人和七位最近的父亲(控制) 列在后面的周期性的培植失败(RIF ) 的 35 个女人的搭挡的精子 DNA 破碎被检验。精子由测试和终端 deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP 刻痕结束标记的精子染色质分散(SCD )(TUNEL ) 是检验密度前和密度以后的 centrifugation 试金。在在三之间的搭挡或精子集中,活动性或形态学组织的任何一个的年龄没有重要差别。而且,在 DNA 破碎由也测量了的精子没有明显的差别测试。不管多么虽然平均在所有的精子 DNA 破碎组织当由 SCD 测试测量了时,在准备精子是统计上更低的,这没从 TUNEL 试金与结果被看见。这些结果不支持精子 DNA 破碎是 RIF 或 RM 的一个重要原因的假设,否则测试的那精子 DNA 正直在如此的病人有价值。它也在从精子 DNA 破碎测试解释数据加亮测试方法论和精子准备方法之间的重要差别。 | Carol Coughlan Helen Clarke Rachel Cutting Jane Saxton Sarah Waite William Ledger Tinchiu Li Allan A Pacey | 2015 | Asian Journal of Andrology2015，17，4： | 17 |
| 13 | E2 enzymes: more than just middle men显示文摘 | Mikaela D Stewart Tobias Rltterhoff Rachel E Klevit Peter S Brzovic | 2016 | Cell Research2016，26，4： | 17 |
| 14 | 新型农村合作医疗对山东和宁夏农村居民卫生服务公平性影响研究显示文摘目的:分析山东和宁夏不同收入农村居民卫生服务的公平性。方法:主要利用率、比、Pearson卡方检验和集中指数(CI)等统计学方法进行分析。结果:5个收入组人群,从最低收入组到最高收入组四周患病就诊率分别为76.0%、79.7%、75.8%、80.0%和79.7%,CI为0.017908,各组间没有统计学差别,四周患病就诊率比2006年提高了32.9%。住院率分别为8.9%、7.3%、6.2%、6.0%、和5.8%,CI为-0.01744,比2006年提高了1.4%。5个收入组人群,以疾病数计算的四周患病率分别为25.9%、25.2%、21.7%、19.6%和20.6%,CI为-0.03768,慢病患病率分别为24.7%、21.9%、19.9%、16.6%和17.4%,CI为-0.04628。最低收入组年人均医药费占年人均纯收入的比例为67.3%,最高收入组为2.8%。结论:2008年比2006年卫生服务利用有所增加,但2008年不同收入人群卫生筹资、健康和卫生服务利用方面还存在着不公平。 | 褚金花 于保荣 孟庆跃 严非 Tolhurst Rachel | 2010 | 中国卫生经济2010，29，6： | 15 |
| 15 | Mechanically induced Ca^(2+) oscillations in osteocytes release extracellular vesicles and enhance bone formation显示文摘The vast osteocytic network is believed to orchestrate bone metabolic activity in response to mechanical stimuli through production of sclerostin, RANKL, and osteoprotegerin(OPG). However, the mechanisms of osteocyte mechanotransduction remain poorly understood. We've previously shown that osteocyte mechanosensitivity is encoded through unique intracellular calcium (Ca^(2+) ) dynamics. Here, by simultaneously monitoring Ca^(2+) and actin dynamics in single cells exposed to fluid shear flow, we detected actin network contractions immediately upon onset of flow-induced Ca^(2+) transients, which were facilitated by smooth muscle myosin and further confirmed in native osteocytes ex vivo. Actomyosin contractions have been linked to the secretion of extracellular vesicles(EVs), and our studies demonstrate that mechanical stimulation upregulates EV production in osteocytes through immunostaining for the secretory vesicle marker Lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1(LAMP1) and quantifying EV release in conditioned medium, both of which are blunted when Ca^(2+) signaling was inhibited by neomycin. Axial tibia compression was used to induce anabolic bone formation responses in mice, revealing upregulated LAMP1 and expected downregulation of sclerostin in vivo. This load-related increase in LAMP1 expression was inhibited in neomycin-injected mice compared to vehicle.Micro-computed tomography revealed significant load-related increases in both trabecular bone volume fraction and cortical thickness after two weeks of loading, which were blunted by neomycin treatment. In summary, we found mechanical stimulation of osteocytes activates Ca^(2+) -dependent contractions and enhances the production and release of EVs containing bone regulatory proteins. Further, blocking Ca^(2+) signaling significantly attenuates adaptation to mechanical loading in vivo, suggesting a critical role for Ca^(2+) -mediated signaling in bone adaptation. | Andrea E.Morrell Genevieve N.Brown Samuel T.Robinson Rachel L.Sattler Andrew D.Baik Gehua Zhen Xu Cao Lynda F.Bonewald Weiyang Jin Lance C.Kam X.Edward Guo | 2018 | Bone Research2018，6，1： | 13 |
| 16 | 重庆流动人口结核疑似病人就诊延迟情况及影响因素研究显示文摘[目的]了解重庆流动人口结核疑似病人就诊延迟情况,并探索其相关影响因素。[方法]对1005名结核病疑似患者采用问卷调查,结合定性研究方法,开展多次专题小组讨论,个人深入访谈和关键人物访谈。[结果]流动人口结核疑似患者在寻求卫生服务的过程中就诊延迟现象严重,年龄、性别、婚姻状况、医疗保障及病后不恰当的措施等因素都与延迟的发生有关。[结论]扩大医疗保险覆盖率,促进卫生服务利用的公平性,初步探索私人药房在结核病控制工作中可能扮演的角色。 | 龙倩 汪洋 汤胜蓝 Rachel Tolhurst 詹绍康 岳勇 李颖 | 2007 | 现代预防医学2007，34，5： | 13 |
| 17 | 词汇学习中“快速映射”现象的机制显示文摘词汇学习对于语言获得及有关认知能力发展有重要意义。通过考察儿童词汇的快速增长,研究者提出词汇学习涉及一个'快速映射'(fastmapping)过程。最近20多年,大量研究者考察了快速映射机制。一类研究者认为儿童依靠一些认知偏向来猜测新单词的意义;另一类研究者认为词汇频率、言语最末位置等语言环境因素影响该过程。最新研究趋向(如生成联合模型和词汇学习的贝叶斯推理模式)认为这两类因素都很重要,但对它们的作用时间和比重等仍有争议。 | 陈永香 朱莉琪 Twila Tardif 孟祥芝 Rachel Pulverman | 2009 | 心理科学进展2009，17，1： | 13 |
| 18 | 齐口裂腹鱼幼鱼疲劳后游泳特性恢复状况研究显示文摘以中国地质公园(神农架)野生动物繁育基地提供的齐口裂腹鱼(Schizothorax prenanti)幼鱼(体长为14.0—17.5 cm,体重为39.6—65.6 g)为研究对象,利用自制鱼类游泳特性(Swimming performance)研究装置,运用递增流速法(Stepped velocity test),研究了鱼类疲劳后20d和40d的游泳特性恢复状况。结果表明:(1)在20d内齐口裂腹鱼临界游泳速度(Critical swimming speed,Ucrit)相比于初次测试(20d前)有所降低,20d内的恢复状况较差;而在40d后,临界游泳速度已经基本恢复到最初状况,40d内的恢复状况较好。(2)疲劳后鱼类游泳效率显著下降,并且在40d后无法恢复正常。虽然40d后速度指数低于20d后速度指数,40d后游泳效率高于20d后游泳效率,但是相对于初次测试,40d后游泳效率恢复效果并不明显。(3)齐口裂腹鱼在疲劳后40d内,恢复能力(Recovery capability)无法恢复到正常状况,但由于3次测试中疲劳后过量耗氧(Excess post-exercise oxygen cost,EPOC)波动并不大,说明疲劳对其恢复能力影响并不大。(4)20d后和40d后无氧呼吸时间均较第一次测试时提前,说明疲劳损伤对其有氧呼吸能力产生了持续影响。(5)疲劳对鱼类生态行为(Ecological behavior)影响不明显。研究有利于为鱼道建设提供基础资料,对生物多样性保护具有深远意义。 | 蔡露 刘国勇 Rachel Taupier 涂志英 石小涛 黄应平 | 2013 | 水生生物学报2013，37，6： | 13 |
| 19 | 【特刊综述】利用雄激素受体敲除(ARKO)小鼠模型认识人类雄激素缺乏显示文摘雄激素的作用机理很复杂。最近,使用转基因修饰小鼠模型进行的雄激素受体研究使我们对雄激素作用机理有了更进一步的理解。Cre-loxP系统能够完成组织和/或细胞特异性的敲除。通过使用Cre—loxP系统已经获得了大量整体性或组织特异性雄激素受体(ARK0)敲除模型。这些ARKO模型的多个雄激素作用位点,包括心血管系统、免疫和造血系统、骨骼、肌肉、脂肪组织、前列腺和脑,均已被检测。本篇综述着重阐述了通过针对这些雄激素作用位点的ARKO小鼠模型而取得的人类雄激素缺乏的研究成果,并且指出充分理解Cre-loxPdx鼠模型的优缺点才能正确认识其表型。 | Kesha Rana Rachel A Davey Jeffrey D Zajac | 2014 | Asian Journal of Andrology2014，16，2： | 13 |
| 20 | China Patient-centered Evaluative Assessment of Cardiac Events Prospective Study of Acute Myocardial Infarction: Study Design显示文摘 | Rachel P Dreyer Xi Li Xue Du Nicholas S Downing Li Li Hai-Bo Zhang Fang Feng Wen-Chi Guan Xiao Xu Shu-Xia Li Zhen-Qiu Lin Frederick A Masoudi John A Spertus Harlan M Krumholz Li-Xin Jiang | 2016 | Chinese Medical Journal2016，，1： | 13 |
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