|
|
|
题名
|
作者
|
年代
|
出处
|
被引量
|
| 1 | Modeling sustainability:population,inequality,consumption,and bidirectional coupling of the Earth and Human Systems显示文摘Over the last two centuries,the impact of the Human System has grown dramatically,becoming strongly dominant within the Earth System in many diferent ways.Consumption,inequality,and population have increased extremely fast,especially since about 1950,threatening to overwhelm the many critical functions and ecosystems of the Earth System.Changes in the Earth System,in turn,have important feedback efects on the Human System,with costly and potentially serious consequences.However,current models do not incorporate these critical feedbacks.We argue that in order to understand the dynamics of either system,Earth System Models must be coupled with Human System Models through bidirectional couplings representing the positive,negative,and delayed feedbacks that exist in the real systems.In particular,key Human System variables,such as demographics,inequality,economic growth,and migration,are not coupled with the Earth System but are instead driven by exogenous estimates,such as United Nations population projections.his makes current models likely to miss important feedbacks in the real Earth–Human system,especially those that may result in unexpected or counterintuitive outcomes,and thus requiring diferent policy interventions from current models.he importance and imminence of sustainability challenges,the dominant role of the Human System in the Earth System,and the essential roles the Earth System plays for the Human System,all call for collaboration of natural scientists,social scientists,and engineers in multidisciplinary research and modeling to develop coupled Earth–Human system models for devising efective science-based policies and measures to beneit current and future generations. | Safa Motesharrei Jorge Rivas Eugenia Kalnay Ghassem R.Asrar Antonio J.Busalacchi Robert F.Cahalan Mark A.Cane Rita R.Colwell Kuishuang Feng Rachel S.Franklin Klaus Hubacek Fernando Miralles-Wilhelm Takemasa Miyoshi Matthias Ruth Roald Sagdeev Adel Shirmohammadi Jagadish Shukla Jelena Srebric Victor M.Yakovenko Ning Zeng | 2016 | National Science Review2016，3，4： | 34 |
| 2 | Overview of hepatitis B virus mutations and theirimplications in the management of infection显示文摘Hepatitis B virus(HBV)affects approximately two billion people worldwide and more than 240 million people in the world are currently chronic carrier that could develop serious complications in the future,like liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.Although an extended HBV immunization program is being carried out since the early‘80s,representing effective preventive measure,leading to a dramatic reduction of HBV hepatitis incidence,globally HBV infection still represents a major public health problem.The HBV virus is a DNA virus belongs to the Hepadnaviridae family.The HBV-DNA is a circular,partial double strand genome.All coding information is on the minus DNA strand and it is organized into four open reading frames.Despite hepatitis B virus is a DNA virus,it has a high mutation rate due to its replicative strategy,that leads to the production of many nonidentical variants at each cycle of replication.In fact,it contains a polymerase without the proofreading activity,and uses an RNA intermediate(pg RNA)during its replication,so error frequencies are comparable to those seen in retroviruses and other RNA viruses rather than in more stable DNA viruses.Due to the low fidelity of the polymerase,the high replication rate and the overlapping reading frames,mutations occur throughout the genome and they have been identified both in the structural and not structural gene.The arise of mutations being to develop of a whole of viral variants called'quasi-species'and the prevalent population,which favors virus replication,was selected by viral fitness,host’s immune pressure and external pressure,i.e.,vaccination or antiviral therapy.Naturally occurring mutations were found both in acute and chronic subjects.In the present review we examine and discuss the most recent available data about HBV genetic variability and its significance. | Patrizia Caligiuri Rita Cerruti Giancarlo Icardi Bianca Bruzzone | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，1： | 25 |
| 3 | Antidiabetic therapy and increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic liver disease显示文摘AIM:To explore the association between hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) and type 2 diabetes mellitus, describe the temporal relations between the onset of diabetes and the development of HCC and evaluate the possible effects of antidiabetic therapy on HCC risk.METHODS:We recruited 465 HCC patients, 618 with cirrhosis and 490 control subjects.We evaluated the odds ratio(OR) for HCC by univariate and multivariate analysis.Moreover, OR for HCC in diabetic subjects treated with insulin or sulphanylureas and with metformin were calculated.RESULTS:The prevalence of diabetes mellitus was 31.2% in HCC, 23.3% in cirrhotic patients and 12.7% in the Control group.By univariate and multivariate analysis, the OR for HCC in diabetic patients were respectively 3.12(CI 2.2-4.4, P < 0.001) and 2.2(CI 1.2-4.4, P = 0.01).In 84.9% of cases, type 2 diabetes mellitus was present before the diagnosis of HCC.Moreover, we report an OR for HCC of 2.99(CI 1.34-6.65, P = 0.007) in diabetic patients treated with insulin or sulphanylureas, and an OR of 0.33(CI 0.1-0.7, P = 0.006) in diabetic patients treated with metformin.CONCLUSION:Our study confi rms that type 2 diabetes mellitus is an independent risk factor for HCC and pre-exists in the majority of HCC patients.Moreover, in male patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, our data shows a direct association of HCC with insulin and sulphanylureas treatment and an inverse relationship with metformin therapy. | Valter Donadon Massimiliano Balbi Michela Ghersetti Silvia Grazioli Antonio Perciaccante Giovanni Della Valentina Rita Gardenal Maria Dal Mas Pietro Casarin Giorgio Zanette Cesare Miranda | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，20： | 23 |
| 4 | Waist Circumference Distribution of Chinese School-age Children and Adolescents显示文摘Background Waist circumference(WC),a proxy measure of central body fat,is a better predictor than overall body fat for cardiovascular risk factors in both adults and children.WC cutoffs have been established in many countries,but the national WC reference has not been developed in China.Objective To study the distribution of WC in a representative group of Chinese children for establishing Chinese WC cutoff points.Methods Cross-sectional data obtained from 15 mainland provinces and Hong Kong were collected.There were 160 225 children and adolescents aged 7-18 years old in total.The subjects were divided into five regional groups namely costal city,other city,north rural,south rural,and Hong Kong,for analyzing the distribution of WC.Results A large variation in WC distribution was found among the five groups for both sexes.Coastal city group had the highest P85 WC values consistently from the early school ages to 18-year-old compared with other groups.In contrast,south rural group had P85 values consistently lagged behind not only the city groups but also the north rural group.Hong Kong group had a high P85 WC at early ages,but because of the smaller increments of WC during adolescence,the P85 curve was gradually exceeded by the north rural groups.Catch-up trend was found in the two rural groups since the peak of puberty.These disparities were caused by not only socioeconomic and urban-rural factors but also north-south differences.Because of the regional variation of WC,a 'gradient' prevalence of central obesity was prospected among these groups.Comparisons of WC distributions between the Chinese and the U.S.A or Netherlands demonstrated the necessary of setting up China's own WC cutoffs.Sex and age-specific percentiles were obtained and smoothed by using LMS method.Conclusion The data obtained from this study could be used to develop national WC cutoff points for Chinese children and adolescents. | CHENG-YE JI RITA YT SUNG GUAN-SHENG MA JUN MA ZHONG-HU HE TIAN-JIAO CHEN | 2010 | Biomedical and Environmental Sciences2010，23，1： | 22 |
| 5 | Low-volume plus ascorbic acid vs high-volume plus simethicone bowel preparation before colonoscopy显示文摘AIM:To investigate the effectiveness of low-volumeplus ascorbic acid [polyethylene glycol plus ascorbicacid(PEG + Asc) ] and high-volume plus simethicone[polyethylene glycol plus simethicone(PEG + Sim) ]bowel preparations.METHODS:A total of one hundred and forty-fourout patients(76 males) ,aged from 20 to 84 years(me-dian age 59.5 years) ,who attended our Department,were divided into two groups,age and sex matched,and underwent colonoscopy. Two questionnaires,onefor patients reporting acceptability and the other forendoscopists evaluating bowel cleansing effectivenes saccording to validated scales,were completed. Indications,timing of examination and endoscopical findings were recorded. Biopsy forceps were used as a measuring tool in order to determine polyp endoscopic sizeestimation. Difficulty in completing the preparation wasrated in a 5-point Likert scale(1 = easy to 5 = un-able) . Adverse experiences(fullness,cramps,nausea,vomiting,ab dominal pain,headache and insomnia) ,number of evacuations and types of activities performed during preparation(walking or resting in bed) were also investigated.RESULTS:Seventy-two patients were selected for eachgroup. The two groups were age and sex matched aswell as being comparable in terms of medical historyand drug therapies taken. Fourteen patients droppedout from the trial because they did not complete the preparation procedure. Ratings of global bowel cleansing examinations were considered to be adequate in91% of PEG + Asc and 88% of PEG + Sim patients.Residual Stool Score indicated similar levels of amountand consistency of residual stool;there was a significant difference in the percentage of bowel wall visuali-zation in favour of PEG + Sim patients. In the PEG +Sim group,12 adenomas ≤ 10 mm diameter(5/left co-lon + 7/right colon) vs 9(8/left colon + 1/right colon) in the PEG + Asc group were diagnosed. Visualization of small lesions seems to be one of the primary advantages of the PEG + Sim preparation.CONCLUSION:PEG + Asc is a good alternative solution as a bowel preparation but more improvements arenecessary in order to achieve the target of a perfect preparation. | Stefano Pontone Rita Angelini Monica Standoli Gregorio Patrizi Franco Culasso Paolo Pontone Adriano Redler | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，42： | 22 |
| 6 | 叙事医学:尊重疾病有关的故事显示文摘刚才我们拍摄了合影,一张小小的照片就能容纳在场所有的参会者,让我惊叹!今天发生的事情让我感觉很不寻常,刚才几位领导致辞的内容,是我以前在美国、英国乃至整个欧洲都未听到过的。听到你们的校长等领导用这样深切的方式讨论生与死的关系,讨论医疗行业中所触及的生命深度,令我非常感动。我们不仅在不断体会自己生命的深度,也在患者身上感受这样的深度,我非常荣幸能够讨论一些与疾病有关的故事。 | Rita Charon 郭莉萍 王玥 詹可 | 2019 | 中国医学伦理学2019，32，2： | 18 |
| 7 | Diagnostic and therapeutic management of hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is an increasing health problem, representing the second cause of cancerrelated mortality worldwide. The major risk factorfor HCC is cirrhosis. In developing countries, viral hepatitis represent the major risk factor, whereas in developed countries, the epidemic of obesity, diabetes and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis contribute to the observed increase in HCC incidence. Cirrhotic patients are recommended to undergo HCC surveillance by abdominal ultrasounds at 6-mo intervals. The current diagnostic algorithms for HCC rely on typical radiological hallmarks in dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging, while the use of α-fetoprotein as an independent tool for HCC surveillance is not recommended by current guidelines due to its low sensitivity and specificity. Early diagnosis is crucial for curative treatments. Surgical resection, radiofrequency ablation and liver transplantation are considered the cornerstones of curative therapy, while for patients with more advanced HCC recommended options include sorafenib and trans-arterial chemoembolization. A multidisciplinary team, consisting of hepatologists, surgeons, radiologists, oncologists and pathologists, is fundamental for a correct management. In this paper, we review the diagnostic and therapeutic management of HCC, with a focus on the most recent evidences and recommendations from guidelines. | Francesco Bellissimo Marilia Rita Pinzone Bruno Cacopardo Giuseppe Nunnari | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，42： | 18 |
| 8 | Systematic review of health-related quality of life after esophagectomy for esophageal cancer显示文摘This study is aimed to assess the long-term health-related quality of life(HRQL) of patients after esopha-gectomy for esophageal cancer in comparison with es-tablished norms,and to evaluate changes in HRQL during the different stages of follow-up after esopha-geal resection. A systematic review was performed bysearching medical databases(Medline,Embase andthe Cochrane Library) for potentially relevant studiesthat appeared between January 1975 and March 2011.Studies were included if they addressed the questionof HRQL after esophageal resection for esophage alcancer. Two researchers independently performed the study selection,data extraction and analysis processes.Twenty-one observational studies were included witha total of 1282(12-355) patients. Five studies were performed with short form-36(SF-36) and 16 with European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer(EORTC) QLQ C30(14 of them also utilized the disease-specific OES18 or its previous version OES24) .The analysis of long-term generic HRQL with SF-36showed pooled scores for physical,role and socialfunction after esophagectomy similar to United Statesnorms,but lower pooled scores for physical function,vitality and general health perception. The analysis of HRQL conducted using the Global EORTC C30 globalscale during a 6-mo follow-up showed that global scaleand physical function were better at the baseline. The symptom scales indicated worsened fatigue,dyspneaand diarrhea 6 mo after esophagectomy. In contrast,however,emotional function had significantly improved after 6 mo. In conclusion,short- and long-term HRQLis deeply affected after esophagectomy for cancer. The impairment of physical function may be a long-termconsequence of esophagectomy involving either the respiratory system or the alimentary tract. The short-and long-term improvement in the emotional function of patients who have undergone successful operationsmay be attributed to the impression that they have survived a near-death experience. | Marco Scarpa Stefano Valente Rita Alfieri Matteo Cagol Giorgio Diamantis Ermanno Ancona Carlo Castoro | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，42： | 15 |
| 9 | 采用联用技术测定中国海产品中砷的形态(英文)显示文摘A study was carried out to determine arsenic species in seafood samples collected from Chinese sea. The information about arsenic species in samples was provided by high performance liquid chromatography-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (HPLC ICP MS) and electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (ES MS MS). The arsenic species in thirty Chinese edible seafoods, including algae, fish, crab, shrimp, mussels, oysters, and clams popularly ingested by Chinese people as regular foods, were examined in the present report. Arsenosugars were detected in all of the extracted algae samples (1 5—33 8μg·g -1 dry weight) and some shellfish samples (0 018—0 78μg·g -1 wet weight). Arsenobetaine was detected in all of the extracted fish and shellfish samples (0 025—6 604μg·g -1 wet weight). In contrast, inorganic arsenic was only present in the examined fish and shellfish samples, at levels less than 2% of the total arsenic. The study provides information about a possible distribution pattern of arsenic species in seafood products. | 韦超 李卫华 张超 张新荣 VAN HULLE Marijn CORNELIS Rita | 2003 | 环境化学2003，22，3： | 15 |
| 10 | 复方鹿角乳痛宁胶囊抗乳腺增生和镇痛的作用显示文摘目的:研究复方鹿角乳痛宁胶囊抗乳腺增生和镇痛作用,并探讨其相关的作用机制。方法:在抗乳腺增生实验中,采用雌二醇(E2)和黄体酮诱导雌性未孕大鼠形成乳腺增生模型,评价受试药复方鹿角乳痛宁胶囊对乳腺增生大鼠乳腺组织性激素受体蛋白表达及血清性激素水平的影响;在镇痛实验中,采用冰乙酸致小鼠疼痛出现扭体反应、光热辐射致大鼠疼痛出现甩尾反应,评价复方鹿角乳痛宁胶囊的镇痛作用。结果:与模型组比较,复方鹿角乳痛宁胶囊各剂量组均可显著降低乳腺增生大鼠乳腺组织雌激素受体(ER),孕激素受体(PR)蛋白表达,减少其阳性表达细胞占同类细胞数目的比率(P<0.01),复方鹿角乳痛宁胶囊高、中剂量组显著降低乳腺增生大鼠血清E2,升高孕酮(P)水平(P<0.05,P<0.01);此外,复方鹿角乳痛宁胶囊高、中剂量组可显著延长小鼠扭体反应潜伏期(P<0.01),减少扭体反应次数(P<0.01),并显著缩短给药后60,120,180,240 min由光热辐射致大鼠疼痛反应的痛阈值(P<0.01)。结论:复方鹿角乳痛宁胶囊可通过调节乳腺增生大鼠性激素水平抗乳腺增生,并具有显著的镇痛作用。 | 胡彦武 任立群 RITA 金颖 汪菲 刘凯 闫梦彤 范志民 | 2016 | 中国实验方剂学杂志2016，22，20： | 15 |
| 11 | Far lateral lumbar disc herniation part 1: Imaging, neurophysiology and clinical features显示文摘Far lateral lumbar disc herniations(FLLDH)represent a separate category of disc pathology which includes both intraforaminal and extraforaminal lumbar disc herniations,that are characterized by a peculiar clinical presentation,diagnostic and treatment modalities as compared to the more frequent median and paramedian disc hernias.Surgical treatment often represents the only effective weapon for the cure of this disease and over the years different approaches have been developed that can reach the region of the foramen or external to it,with different degrees of invasiveness.The diagnosis is more demanding and still underestimated as it requires a more detailed knowledge in the spine anatomy and dedicated radiological studies.Computerized tomography and in particular magnetic resonance imaging are the appropriate tools for the diagnosis of FLLDH.Despite the widespread use of these diagnostic tests,many cases of FLLDH are overlooked due to insufficiently detailed radiological examinations or due to the execution of exams not focused to the foraminal or the extraforaminal region.Neurophysiological studies represent a valid aid in the diagnostic classification of this pathology and in some cases they can facilitate the differential diagnosis with other types of radiculopathies.In the present study,a comprehensive review of the clinical presentation,epidemiology,radiological study and the neurophysiological aspects is presented. | Luigi Valentino Berra Andrea Di Rita Federico Longhitano Enrico Mailland Paolo Reganati Alessandro Frati Antonio Santoro | 2021 | World Journal of Orthopedics2021，12，12： | 14 |
| 12 | Current trends in management of hepatitis B virus reactivation in the biologic therapy era显示文摘Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation represents an emerging cause of liver disease in patients undergoing treatment with biologic agents. In particular, the risk ofHBV reactivation is heightened by the use monoclonalantibodies, such as rituximab (anti-CD20) and alemtuzumab (anti-CD52) that cause profound and longlasting immunosuppression. Emerging data indicatethat HBV reactivation could also develop following theuse of other biologic agents, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α inhibitors. When HBV reactivation is di-agnosed, it is mandatory to suspend biologic treatmentand start antiviral agents immediately. However, preemptive antiviral therapy prior to monoclonal antibodyadministration is crucial in preventing HBV reactivationand its clinical consequences. Several lines of evidencehave shown that risk of HBV reactivation is greatlyreduced by the identifi cation of high-risk patients andthe use of prophylactic antiviral therapy. In this article, we discuss current trends in the management of HBV reactivation in immunosuppressed patients receiving biologic therapy, such as rituximab, alemtuzumab and TNF-α antagonists. | Claudio M Mastroianni Miriam Lichtner Rita Citton Cosmo Del Borgo Angela Rago Helene Martini Giuseppe Cimino Vincenzo Vullo | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，34： | 12 |
| 13 | Hepatocellular adenoma: An unsolved diagnostic enigma显示文摘Hepatocellular adenoma (HCA) is a rare benign liver tumour associated with the use of oral contraceptives or other steroid medications which occurs predominantly in young and middle-aged women. Unlike other benign liver tumours, an HCA may be complicated by bleeding and malignant transformation. HCAs have been divided into four subtypes based on molecular and pathological features: hepatocyte nuclear factor 1α-mutated HCA, inflammatory HCA,β-catenin-mutated HCA, and unclassified HCA.β-cateninmutated HCA has the highest risk of haemorrhage or malignant transformation. In the latest upgrade of the guidelines regarding the management of benign liver tumours published in 2016 by the European Association for the Study of the Liver, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was recognized to be superior to all other imaging modalities in detecting HCAs and in being able to subtype HCAs up to 80%, with positive identification of 1α-mutated HCA or inflammatory HCA achievable with > 90% specificity. This review analyzed the imaging features of HCA using MRI with hepato-specific contrast agents, focusing on the limitations in the HCA characterization. | Matteo Renzulli Alfredo Clemente Francesco Tovoli Salvatore Cappabianca Luigi Bolondi Rita Golfieri | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，20： | 12 |
| 14 | 石见穿化学成分的提取分离及定量分析显示文摘目的:研究石见穿全草的水溶性化学成分及进行含量分析。方法:利用水提、有机溶剂萃取及采用葡聚糖凝胶LH-20柱进行分离纯化,采用HPLC进行定量分析;结果:从石见穿水提取物中分得丹参素和迷迭香酸。HPLC色谱条件下,丹参素进样量在1.48~7.40μg范围内与峰面积积分值呈良好线性关系(r=0.999 9),丹参素加样回收率(按丹参素钠计算)平均值为102.8%,RSD=1.04%;原儿茶醛进样量在0.05~0.26μg范围内与峰面积积分值呈良好线性关系(r=0.999 9),原儿茶醛加样回收率平均值为101.5%,RSD=0.72%。结论:为石见穿的质量控制提供了可靠的检测方法。丹参素为首次从该植物中分离得到。 | 康琛 李曼玲 王谦 黄璐琦 Franco Francesco Vincieri Anna Rita Bilia | 2009 | 中国实验方剂学杂志2009，15，7： | 11 |
| 15 | Laparoscopic fundoplication for gastroesophageal reflux disease显示文摘Gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD) is a condition that develops when the reflux of gastric contents into the esophagus leads to troublesome symptoms and/or complications. Heartburn is the cardinal symptom, often associated with regurgitation. In patients with endoscopy-negative heartburn refractory to proton pump inhibitor(PPI) therapy and when the diagnosis of GERD is in question, direct reflux testing by impedance-pH monitoring is warranted. Laparoscopic fundoplication is the standard surgical treatment for GERD. It is highly effective in curing GERD with a 80% success rate at 20-year follow-up. The Nissen fundoplication, consisting of a total(360°) wrap, is the most commonly performed antireflux operation. To reduce postoperative dysphagia and gas bloating, partial fundoplications are also used, including the posterior(Toupet) fundoplication, and the anterior(Dor) fundoplication. Currently, there is consensus to advise laparoscopic fundoplication in PPI-responsive GERD only for those patients who develop untoward side-effects or complications from PPI therapy. PPI resistance is the real challenge in GERD. There is consensus that carefully selected GERD patients refractory to PPI therapy are eligible for laparoscopic fundoplication, provided that objective evidence of reflux as the cause of ongoing symptoms has been obtained. For this purpose, impedance-pH monitoring is regarded as the diagnostic gold standard. | Marzio Frazzoni Micaela Piccoli Rita Conigliaro Leonardo Frazzoni Gianluigi Melotti | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，39： | 10 |
| 16 | Prevention and management of hepatitis B virus reactivation in patients with hematological malignancies treated with anticancer therapy显示文摘Hepatitis due to hepatitis B virus(HBV) reactivation can be severe and potentially fatal, but is preventable. HBV reactivation is most commonly reported in patients receiving cancer chemotherapy, especially rituximabcontaining therapy for hematological malignancies and those receiving stem cell transplantation. All patients with hematological malignancies receiving anticancer therapy should be screened for active or resolved HBV infection by blood tests for hepatitis B surface antigen(HBs Ag) and antibody to hepatitis B core antigen(antiHBc). Patients found to be positive for HBs Ag should be given prophylactic antiviral therapy to prevent HBV reactivation. For patients with resolved HBV infection, no standard strategy has yet been established to prevent HBV reactivation. There are usually two options. One is pre-emptive therapy guided by serial HBV DNA monitoring, whereby antiviral therapy is given as soon as HBV DNA becomes detectable. However, there is little evidence regarding the optimal interval and period of monitoring. An alternative approach is prophylactic antiviral therapy, especially for patients receiving highrisk therapy such as rituximab, newer generation of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, obinutuzumab or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. This strategy may effectively prevent HBV reactivation and avoid the inconvenience of repeated HBV DNA monitoring. Entecavir or tenofovir are preferred over lamivudine as prophylactic therapy. Although there is no well-defined guideline on the optimal duration of prophylactic therapy, there is growing evidence to recommend continuing prophylactic antiviral therapy for at least 12 mo after cessation of chemotherapy, and even longer for those who receive rituximab or who had high serum HBV DNA levels before the start of immunosuppressive therapy. Many novel agents have recently become available for the treatment of hematological malignancies, and these agents may be associated with HBV reactivation. Although there is currently limited evidence to guide the optimal preventive measures, we recommend antiviral prophylaxis in HBs Ag-positive patients receiving novel treatments, especially the Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors and the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitors, which are B-cell receptor signaling modulators and reduce proliferation of malignant B-cells. Further studies are needed to clarify the risk of HBV reactivation with these agents and the best prophylactic strategy in the era of targeted therapy for hematological malignancies. | Man Fai Law Rita Ho Carmen KM Cheung Lydia HP Tam Karen Ma Kent CY So Bonaventure Ip Jacqueline So Jennifer Lai Joyce Ng Tommy HC Tam | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，28： | 10 |
| 17 | Radioembolization with Yttrium-90 microspheres in hepatocellular carcinoma:Role and perspectives显示文摘Transarterial radioembolization(TARE) is a form of brachytherapy in which intra-arterially injected yttrium-90-loaded microspheres serve as a source for internal radiation purposes.On the average,it produces disease control rates exceeding 80% and it is a consolidated therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC);however,current data are all based on retrospective series or non-controlled prospective studies since randomized controlled trials comparing it with the other liver-directed therapies for intermediate and locally advanced stage HCC are still underway.The data available show that TARE provides similar or even better survival rates when compared to transarterial chemoembolization(TACE).First-line TARE is best indicated for both intermediatestage patients(staged according to the barcelona clinic liver cancer staging classification) who have lesions which respond poorly to TACE due to multiple tumors or a large tumor burden,and for locally advanced-stage patients with solitary tumors,and segmental or lobar portal vein tumor thrombosis.In addition,emerging data have suggested the use of TARE in patients who are classified slightly beyond the Milan criteria regarding radical treatment for downstaging purposes.As a secondline treatment,TARE can also be applied in patients progressing to TACE or sorafenib;a large number of phase Ⅱ/Ⅲ trials are ongoing with the purpose of evaluating the best association with systemic therapies.Transarterial radioembolization is very well tolerated and has a low rate of complications which are mainly related to unintended non-target tissue irradiation,including the surrounding liver parenchyma.The complications can be additionally reduced by accurate patient selection and a strict pre-treatment evaluation including dosimetry and assessment of the vascular anatomy.Since a correct treatment algorithm for potential TARE candidates is not clear and standardized,this comprehensive review analyzes the best selection criteria for patients who really benefit from TARE and also the new advances of this therapy,which can be a very important weapon against HCC. | Cristina Mosconi Alberta Cappelli Cinzia Pettinato Rita Golfieri | 2015 | World Journal of Hepatology2015，7，5： | 10 |
| 18 | 复方鹿角乳痛宁胶囊对乳腺增生大鼠的改善作用及其机制研究显示文摘目的:研究复方鹿角乳痛宁胶囊对乳腺增生大鼠的改善作用及其机制。方法:120只大鼠随机均分为正常组、模型组、他莫昔芬(阳性药物,1.8 mg/kg)组和复方鹿角乳痛宁胶囊低、中、高剂量(70、140、280 mg/kg)组。除正常组外,各组大鼠均im苯甲酸雌二醇和黄体酮以诱导乳腺增生模型;模型复制成功后ig相应药物,正常组和模型组ig等体积蒸馏水,每天1次。30 d后观察复方鹿角乳痛宁胶囊对大鼠乳头直径的影响,测定大鼠血清中血清促乳素(PRL)、促卵泡生成素(FSH)、雌二醇(E2)、黄体生成素(LH)、孕酮等的水平,并观察大鼠乳腺组织形态学变化。结果:与造模前比较,造模后给药前各组大鼠乳头直径均增加(P<0.05)。给药后,与模型组比较,各给药组大鼠乳头直径减小;复方鹿角乳痛宁胶囊中、高剂量组大鼠血清中PRL、FSH、E2水平降低,LH、孕酮水平升高,低剂量组FSH水平升高、孕酮水平降低(P<0.05);各给药组大鼠乳腺组织病变不同程度减轻,乳腺小叶个数、腺泡个数及导管上皮层数不同程度地减少(P<0.05),形态改善。复方鹿角乳痛宁胶囊中、高剂量组与阳性药物组药效相当。结论:复方鹿角乳痛宁胶囊对乳腺增生大鼠有一定的改善作用;其机制可能与降低血清中PRL、FSH、E2水平,升高血清中LH、孕酮水平有关。 | 胡彦武 任立群 Rita 金颖 汪菲 刘凯 闫梦彤 范志民 | 2016 | 中国药房2016，27，1： | 10 |
| 19 | The Plasticity of γδ T Cells:Innate Immunity,Antigen Presentation and New Immunotherapy显示文摘Several signals influence dendritic cell (DC) functions and consequent the immune responses to infectious pathogens. Our recent findings provide a new model of intervention on DCs implicating human γδ T cell stimuli. Vγ9Vδ2 T cells represent the major subset of circulating human γδ T cells and can be activated by non-peptidic molecules derived from different microorganisms or abnormal metabolic routes. With activated-Vγ9Vδ2 T cell co-culture, immature DCs acquire features of mature DCs, such as increasing the migratory activity, up-regulating the chemokine receptors, and triggering the Th1 immune response. Similar to the NK-derived signals, DC activation is mediated by soluble factors as well as cell-to-cell contact. Many non-peptidic molecules including nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates and pyrophosphomonoester drugs, can stimulate the activity of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells in vitro and in vivo. The relatively low in vivo toxicity of many of these drugs makes possible novel vaccine and immune-based strategies against infectious diseases. | Rita Casetti Angelo Martino | 2008 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2008，5，3： | 10 |
| 20 | Peritoneal carcinomatosis显示文摘Several gastrointestinal and gynecological malignancies have the potential to disseminate and grow in the peritoneal cavity.The occurrence of peritoneal carcinomatosis(PC)has been shown to significantly decrease overall survival in patients with liver and/or extraperitoneal metastases from gastrointestinal cancer.During the last three decades,the understanding of the biology and pathways of dissemination of tumors with intraperitoneal spread,and the understanding of the protective function of the peritoneal barrier against tumoral seeding,has prompted the concept that PC is a loco-regional disease:in absence of other systemic metastases,multimodal approaches combining aggressive cytoreductive surgery,intraperitoneal hyperthermic chemotherapy and systemic chemotherapy have been proposed and are actually considered promising methods to improve loco-regional control of the disease,and ultimately to increase survival.The aim of this review article is to present the evidence on treatment of PC in different tumors,in order to provide patients with a proper surgical and multidisciplinary treatment focused on optimal control of their locoregional disease. | Federico Coccolini Federico Gheza Marco Lotti Salvatore Virzì Domenico Iusco Claudio Ghermandi Rita Melotti Gianluca Baiocchi Stefano Maria Giulini Luca Ansaloni Fausto Catena | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，41： | 9 |
您所在的机构暂未开通此部分的功能，请联系管理员