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| 1 | Anterior resection for rectal carcinoma-risk factors for anastomotic leaks and strictures显示文摘AIM:To determine the incidence and factors responsible for anastomotic leaks and stricture following anterior resection(AR)and its subsequent management.METHODS:Retrospective analysis of data from 108 patients with rectal carcinoma who underwent AR or low anterior resection(LAR)to identify the various preoperative,operative,and post operative factors that might have influence on anastomotic leaks and strictures.RESULTS:There were 68 males and 40 females with an average of 47 years(range 21-75 years).The median distance of the tumor from the anal verge was 8 cm(range 3-15 cm).Sixty(55.6%)patients underwent handsewn anastomosis and 48(44.4%)were stapled.The median operating time was 3.5 h(range2.0-7.5 h).Sixteen(14.6%)patients had an anastomotic leak.Among these,11 patients required reexploration and five were managed expectantly.The anastomotic leak rate was similar in patients with and without diverting stoma(8/60,13.4%with stoma and 8/48;16.7%without stoma).In 15(13.9%)patients,resection margins were positive for malignancy.Ninteen(17.6%)patients developed anastomotic strictures at a median duration of 8 mo(range 3-20 mo).Among these,15 patients were successfully managed with per-anal dilatation.On multivariate analysis,advance age(>60 years)was the only risk factor for anastomotic leak(P=0.004).On the other hand,anastomotic leak(P=0.00),mucin positive tumor(P =0.021),and lower rectal growth(P=0.011)were found as risk factors for the development of an anastomotic stricture.CONCLUSION:Advance age is a risk factor for an anastomotic leak.An anastomotic leak,a mucin-secreting tumor,and lower rectal growth predispose patients to develop anastomotic strictures. | Ashok Kumar Ram Daga Paari Vijayaragavan Anand Prakash Rajneesh Kumar Singh Anu Behari Vinay K Kapoor Rajan Saxena | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，11： | 28 |
| 2 | Anti-HBc screening in Indian blood donors:Still an unresolved issue显示文摘AIM:To study the seroprevalence of antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) in healthy blood donors negative for HBsAg and to evaluate whether anti-HBc detection could be adopted in India as a screening assay for HBV in addition to HBsAg. METHODS: A total of 1700 serum samples collected from HBsAg-negative healthy blood donors were tested for the presence of anti-HBc antibody (IgM + IgG). All samples reactive for anti-HBc antibody were then investigated for presence of anti-HBs and for liver function tests (LFTs). One hundred serum samples reactive for anti-HBc were tested for HBV DNA by PCR method. RESULTS: Out of 1700 samples tested, 142 (8.4%) blood samples were found to be reactive for anti-HBc. It was signif icantly lower in voluntary (6.9%) as compared to replacement donors (10.4%, P = 0.011). Seventy- two (50.7%) anti-HBc reactive samples were also reactive for anti-HBs with levels > 10 mIU/mL and 70 (49.3%) samples were non-reactive for anti-HBs, these units were labeled as anti-HBc-only. These 142 anti-HBc reactive units were also tested for liver function test. HBV DNA was detected in only 1 of 100 samples tested. CONCLUSION: Keeping in view that 8%-18% of donor population in India is anti-HBc reactive, inclusion of anti- HBc testing will lead to high discard rate. Anti-HBs as proposed previously does not seem to predict clearance of the virus. Cost effectiveness of introducing universalanti-HBc screening and discarding large number of blood units versus considering ID NAT (Individual donor nuclic acid testing) needs to be assessed. | Hari Krishan Dhawan Neelam Marwaha Ratti Ram Sharma Yogesh Chawla Beenu Thakral Karan Saluja Sanjeev Kumar Sharma Manish K Thakur Ashish Jain | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，34： | 8 |
| 3 | Should antibiotics be administered before arthroscopic knee surgery? A systematic review of the literature显示文摘AIM To explore the current evidence surrounding the administration of prophylactic antibiotics for arthroscopic knee surgery. METHODS Databases were searched from inception through May of 2018 for studies examining prophylactic antibiotic use and efficacy in knee arthroscopy. Studies with patient data were further assessed for types of arthroscopic procedures performed,number of patients in the study,use of antibiotics,and outcomes with the intention of performing a pooled analysis. Data pertaining to 'deep tissue infection' or 'septic arthritis' were included in our analysis. Reported data on superficial infection were not included in our data analysis. For the pooled analysis,a relative risk ratio was calculated and χ~2 tests were used to assess for statistical significance between rates of infection amongst the various patient groups. Post hoc power analyses were performed to compute the statistical power obtained from our sample sizes. Number needed to treat analyses were performed for statistically significant differences by dividing 1 by the difference between the infection rates of the antibiotic and no antibiotic groups. An alpha value of 0.05 was used for our analysis. Study heterogeneity was assessed by Cochrane's Q test as well as calculation of the I^2 value.RESULTS A total of 49682 patients who underwent knee ar-throscopy for a diverse set of procedures across 19 studies met inclusion critera for pooled analysis. For those not undergoing graft procedures,there were 27 cases of post-operative septic arthritis in 34487 patients(0.08%) who received prophylactic antibiotics and 16 cases in 10911(0.15%) who received none [risk ratio(RR) = 0.53,95% confidence interval(CI): 0.29-0.99,P = 0.05]. A sub-group analysis in which bony procedures were excluded was performed which found no significant difference in infection rates between patients that received prophylactic antibiotics and patients that did not(P > 0.05). All anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction studies used prophylactic antibiotics,but two studies investigating the effect of soaking the graft in vancomycin in addition to standard intravenous(IV) prophylaxis were combined for analysis. There were 19 cases in 1095 patients(1.74%) who received IV antibioitics alone and no infections in 2034 patients who received IV antibiotics and had a vancomycin soaked graft(RR = 0.01,95%CI: 0.001-0.229,P < 0.01).CONCLUSION Prophylactic antibiotics are effective in preventing septic arthritis following simple knee arthroscopy. In procedures involving graft implantation,graft soaking reduces the rate of infection. | John Carney Nathanael Heckmann Erik N Mayer Ram K Alluri Carleton Thomas Vangsness George F Hatch Ⅲ Alexander E Weber | 2018 | World Journal of Orthopedics2018，9，11： | 2 |
| 4 | Performance studies on an oscillating water column employing a Savonius rotor显示文摘A new oscillating water column (OWC) design is proposed in this study to incorporate a simpler Savonius type turbine. Conventional OWC devices employ a bi-directional turbine such as a Wells or an Impulse turbine to extract energy from the air. The disadvantages of the Wells turbine include its inability to self start and stalling. The Savonius turbine is much cheaper and is an effective option at low Reynolds numbers. In the current rectangular OWC device, unlike the circular OWC, the width of entry of the capture chamber can be increased without being influenced by the diameter at the turbine section. To improve its primary capture efficiency, the front and rear walls of the OWC are inclined to minimize reflection. The Savonius rotor characteristics are studied with respect to the change in frequency of the incoming waves. The rotor rpm is sensitive to wave period and primary conversion efficiency while changes in depth only affect the rotor rpm at lower frequencies. The Savonius rotor shows promising results and can be incorporated into large scale OWC devices to reduce costs of the turbine component of the system. | Sandeep K PATEL Krishnil RAM M.Rafiuddin AHMED Young-Ho LEE | 2011 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2011，54，7： | 2 |
| 5 | 显示文摘 | Ram M K Adami M Faraci P | 2000 | Polymer2000，41，： | 1 |
| 6 | Optical and electrochemical properties of poly(o-toluidine) multiwalled carbon nanotubes composite Langmuir - schaefer films显示文摘 | BAVASTRELLO V CARRARA S RAM M K | 2004 | Langmuir2004，20，： | 1 |
| 7 | Microstructure and tensile properties of Inconel 718 pulsed Nd-YAG laser welds 显示文摘 | JANAKI RAM G D VENUGOPAL A PRASAD K | 2005 | Journal of Material Processing Technology2005，167，： | 1 |
| 8 | Synthesis and Characterization of Some Transition Metal Complexes of N-( 2- Hydroxyl -Naphthylidene) Amino Acids显示文摘 | Praveen K S Ram N H Bhowon M G | 1996 | Inorg Met Org Chem1996，26，7： | 1 |
| 9 | Biological characterization of Drosophila Rapgap1,a GTP ase activating protein for Rap1显示文摘 | Chen F Barkett M Ram K T | 1997 | Proc Natl Acad Sci USA1997，94，12： | 1 |
| 10 | Discoidin domain receptor-la (DDRla)promotes glioma cell invasion and adhesion in association with matrix metalloproteinase-2 显示文摘 | Ram R Lorente G Nikolich K | 2006 | J Neurooncol2006，76，： | 1 |
| 11 | Discoidin domain receptor-la(DDRla) promotes glioma cell invasion and adhesion in association withmatrix metalloproteinase-2 显示文摘 | RAM R LORENTE G NIKOLICH K | 2006 | Journal of Neu- ro-Oncology2006，68，22： | 1 |
| 12 | Anhydrous ethanol: A renewable source of energy显示文摘 | SANTOSH K NEETU S RAM P | 2010 | Renew Sust Energ Rev2010，14，： | 1 |
| 13 | Survival of solenopsis mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) on cotton in relationto abotic and biotic factors显示文摘 | Kedar S C Saini R K Ram P | 2012 | International Journal of Plant Protection2012，5，2： | 1 |
| 14 | A simple method of DNA extraction from coffee seeds suitable for PCR analysis显示文摘 | MISHRA M K RANI N S RAM A S | 2008 | Biotechnol2008，7，4： | 1 |
| 15 | Polypyrrole composites for shielding applications 显示文摘 | Ozlem Yayuz Mannoj K Ram Matt Aldissi | 2005 | Synthetic Metals2005，151，3： | 1 |
| 16 | Submergence tolerance in rainfed lowland rice: physiological basis andprospects for cultivar improvement through marker-aided breeding显示文摘 | RAM P C SINGH B B SINGH A K | 2002 | Field Crops Research2002，76，2： | 1 |
| 17 | A descriptive study of nosocomial infections in an adult intensive care unit in fiji:2011-12显示文摘 | Naidu K Nabose I Ram S | 2014 | J Trop Med2014，，54： | 1 |
| 18 | Putrescine and carnauba wax pretreatmcnts alleviate chilling injury, enhance shelf life and preserve pomegranate fruit quality during cold storage 显示文摘 | KALYAN BARMAN RAM ASREY R K PAL | 2011 | Scientia Horticuhurae2011，130，4： | 1 |
| 19 | Expression profiling of various genes during the fruit development and ripening of mango显示文摘 | Sagar S P Ram S K Ashok P G | 2010 | Plant Physiol Biochem2010，48，6： | 1 |
| 20 | Mathematical Model for Predictive Control of the Bell-Less Top Charging System of a Blast Furnace显示文摘 | Radhakrishnan V R Maruthy Ram K | 2001 | Journal of Process Control2001，，11： | 1 |
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