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| 1 | 六轴机车相对于四轴机车的优缺点显示文摘根据技术水平、轮轨之间的粘着、现有线路的下部结构情况和运行方式,对牵引概念提出了新的内容。接着就走行部、车体和传动技术分析了四轴和六轴机车之间的差别。 但是,仅仅根据生产成本和技术选择,还不能作出决定,必须考虑各种运营和维修费用。 这种现代六轴机车与计划中的运营计划密切相关。根据德国铁路公司的机车购置方针可得知,在今后几年内它将只购置四轴干线机车。 | R.Müller 姚永康 | 1997 | 大功率变流技术1997，0，4： | 0 |
| 2 | 德国铁路货运公司的BR185型双频电力机车——由BR145型派生的新型通用机车显示文摘BR185型电力机车是在BR145型基础上发展的一种双频制货运机车,它也可作为欧洲通用机车跨国运输。文章介绍该型机车的主要技术参数,特别是机车空气压缩装置及制动系统。 | R.Müller 丰淑春 | 2000 | 大功率变流技术2000，0，1： | 0 |
| 3 | 整体级联式增压空气冷却器的进气模块显示文摘提高涡轮增压发动机的增压压力会造成增压空气温度升高,这不仅会提高增压空气冷却器和进气模块的热负荷,而且,增压空气温度高对燃烧也有不利影响,不仅会使燃油耗升高,还会恶化发动机的扭矩输出和加速响应性能。Mahle公司和Behr公司开发了一种整体级联式增压空气冷却器,大力推动了整体式间接增压空气冷却器的发展。 | J.Stehlig R.Dingelstadt R.Müller J.Taylor 范明强 | 2014 | 国外内燃机2014，46，4： | 0 |
| 4 | 甲型肝炎的主动免疫显示文摘由于卫生条件的改善,甲型肝炎在北欧、西欧国家和美国已少见,主要传染源是到高甲肝流行地区(例如热带与亚热带)去旅行的居民。自从有了甲肝灭活疫苗,到这些地区旅行前应用免疫球蛋白被动免疫,已有可能用主动免疫替代,后者所形成的免疫保护期长于前者,初步研究指出。 | R.Müller H.L.Boch R.Clemens W.Jilg 郝连杰 | 1994 | 德国医学1994，11，4： | 0 |
| 5 | Effect of wall rougheners on cross-sectional flow characteristics for non-spherical particles in a horizontal rotating cylinder显示文摘Discrete-element-method(DEM) simulations have been performed to investigate the cross-sectional flow of non-spherical particles in horizontal rotating cylinders with and without wall rougheners. The nonspherical particles were modeled using the three-dimensional super-quadric equation. The influence of wall rougheners on flow behavior of grains was studied for increasing particle blockiness. Moreover,for approximately cubic particles(squareness parameters [555]), the rotational speed, gravitational acceleration and particle size were altered to investigate the effect of wall rougheners under a range of operating conditions. For spherical and near-spherical particles(approximately up to the squareness parameters [344]), wall rougheners are necessary to prevent slippage of the bed against the cylinder wall. For highly cubic particle geometries(squareness parameters larger than [344]), wall rougheners resulted in a counter-intuitive decrease in the angle of repose of the bed. In addition, wall rougheners employed in this study were demonstrated to have a higher impact on bed dynamics at higher rotational speeds and lower gravitational accelerations. Nevertheless, using wall rougheners had a comparatively small influence on particle-flow characteristics for a bed composed of finer grains. | Guang Lu James R.Third Christoph R.Müller | 2014 | Particuology2014，12，1： | 7 |
| 6 | Molecular and epigenetic pathogenesis of germ cell tumors显示文摘The development of germ cell tumors(GCTs)is a unique pathogenesis occurring at an early developmental stage during specification,migration or colonization of primordial germ cells(PGCs)in the genital ridge.Since driver mutations could not be identified so far,the involvement of the epigenetic machinery during the pathogenesis seems to play a crucial role.Currently,it is investigated whether epigenetic modifications occurring between the omnipotent two-cell stage and the pluripotent implanting PGCs might result in disturbances eventually leading to GCTs.Although progress in understanding epigenetic mechanisms during PGC development is ongoing,little is known about the complete picture of its involvement during GCT development and eventual classification into clinical subtypes.This review will shed light into the current knowledge of the complex epigenetic and molecular contribution during pathogenesis of GCTs by emphasizing on early developmental stages until arrival of late PGCs in the gonads.We questioned how misguided migrating and/or colonizing PGCs develop to either type Ⅰ or type Ⅱ GCTs.Additionally,we asked how pluripotency can be regulated during PGC development and which epigenetic changes contribute to GCT pathogenesis.We propose that SOX2 and SOX17 determine either embryonic stem cell-like(embryonal carcinoma)or PGC-like cell fate(seminoma).Finally,we suggest that factors secreted by the microenvironment,i.e.BMPs and BMP inhibiting molecules,dictate the fate decision of germ cell neoplasia in situ(into seminoma and embryonal carcinoma)and seminomas(into embryonal carcinoma or extraembryonic lineage),indicating an important role of the microenvironment on GCT plasticity. | Melanie R.Müller Margaretha A.Skowron Peter Albers Daniel Nettersheim | 2021 | Asian Journal of Urology2021，8，2： | 0 |
| 7 | 用于环锭纺纱机模块化传动系统的冷却盘显示文摘描述了最近开发的用于环锭细纱机传动系统的一套带有外部散热器的冷却盘冷却系统。这使得即使是在到处充满短绒的细纱车间也能够保证连续操作而不增加任何额外的成本。这也使得机器制造商与其亚洲竞争者相比增加了一些成本上的优势。 | R.Müller 薛文良(译) 李毓陵(校) | 2007 | 国际纺织导报2007，35，2： | 0 |
| 8 | Validation of a discrete element model using magnetic resonance measurements显示文摘The discrete element model(DEM)is a very promising modelling strategy for two-phase granular systems.However,owing to a lack of experimental measurements,validation of numerical simulations of two-phase granular systems is still an important issue.In this study,a small two-dimensional gas- fluidized bed was simulated using a discrete element model.The dimensions of the simulated bed were 44 mm×10 mm×120 mm and the fluidized particles had a diameter dp=1.2 mm and density p=1000 kg/m3.The comparison between DEM simulations and experiments are performed on the basis of time-averaged voidage maps.The drag-law of Beetstra et al.[Beetstra,R.,van der Hoef,M.A.,&Kuipers,J. A.M.(2007b).Drag force of intermediate Reynolds number flow past mono-and bidispersed arrays of spheres. AIChE Journal,53,489–501]seems to give the best results.The simulations are fairly insensitive to the coefficient of restitution and the coefficient of friction as long as some route of energy dissipation during particle–particle and particle–wall contact is provided.Changing the boundary condition of the gas phase at the side-walls from zero-slip to full-slip does not affect the simulation results.Care is to be taken that the cell sizes are chosen so that a reasonable number of particles can be found in a fluid cell. | Christoph R.Müller Stuart A.Scott Daniel J.Holland Belinda C.Clarke Andrew J.Sederman John S.Dennis Lynn F.Gladden | 2009 | Particuology2009，7，4： | 7 |
| 9 | Magnetic resonance studies of a gas-solids fluidised bed:Jet-jet and jet-wall interactions显示文摘Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)gave images of air jets from orifices in the distributor plate of a bed of poppy seeds.Attention focused on two features:(1)The interaction between nearby vertical jets from two,three or four orifices;(2)Wall effects,where one or more orifices created vertical jets near the vertical wall of the cylinder containing the particle bed.The results show that nearby jets are mutually attracted.Likewise a jet near a wall bends out of the vertical,towards the wall.For multiple adjacent jets,the jet lengths show dependence on orifice layout:the lengths are in reasonable agreement with published measurements,by other methods,for single jets.The MRI gives three-dimensional images of the single jets and of multiple jets,separate or merging. | Meenal Pore Daniel J.Holland Thusara C.Chandrasekera Christoph R.Müller Andrew J.Sederman John S.Dennis Lynn F.Gladden John F.Davidson | 2010 | Particuology2010，8，6： | 2 |
| 10 | Budesonide foam versus budesonide enema in active ulcerative proctitis and proctosigmoiditis显示文摘 | V.GROSS S.BAR‐MEIR A.LAVY O.MICKISCH Z.TULASSAY L.PRONAI L.KUPCINSKAS G.KIUDELIS J.POKROTNIEKS á.KOVáCS M.FASZCZYK A.RAZBADAUSKAS B.MARGUS M.STOLTE R.MüLLER R.GREINWALD | 2005 | Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics2005，，2： | 2 |
| 11 | 神经精神药理学治疗药物监测共识指南:2017版显示文摘治疗药物监测(Therapeutic Drug Monitoring,TDM)通过定量测定和解释血药浓度以优化药物治疗。TDM着眼于药代动力学的个体差异,使个体化药物治疗成为可能。在精神病学和神经病学领域中,有可能明显获益于TDM的主要患者群体包括少年儿童、孕妇、老年患者、智障患者、药物滥用者、涉法精神病患者、已知或怀疑药代动力学异常的患者以及合并躯体疾病影响药代动力学的患者。常规剂量下治疗无效,用药依从性难以判断,药物耐受性不佳,以及可能存在药代动力学方面的药物-药物相互作用等情况都是治疗药物监测的典型指征。然而,只有将TDM充分整合到临床治疗过程中,才能发挥其优化药物治疗的潜在优势。为了向临床医生和实验室提供有效的TDM信息,神经精神药理学与药物精神病学协会(Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Neuropsychopharmakologie und Pharmakopsychiatrie,AGNP)的TDM专家组在2004年发表了第一版《精神科治疗药物监测指南》。2011年进行了更新之后,现在再次更新。遵循新版指南,可能会改善神经精神药物治疗的效果,加快很多患者的康复,并降低医疗费用。 | C.Hiemke N.Bergemann H.W.Clement A.Conca J.Deckert K.Domschke G.Eckermann K.Egberts M.Gerlach C.Greiner G.Gründer E.Haen U.Havemann-Reinecke G.Hefner R.Helmer G.Janssen E.Jaquenoud G.Laux T.Messer R.M ssner M.J.Müller M.Paulzen B.Pfuhlmann P.Riederer A.Saria B.Schoppek G.Schoretsanitis M.Schwarz M.Silva Gracia B.Stegmann W.Steimer J.C.Stingl M.Uhr S.Ulrich S.Unterecker R.Waschgler G.Zernig G.Zurek P.Baumann 李文标(主译) 果伟(译) 贺静(译) 鲍爽(译) 路钊(译) 牛梦溪(译) 阮灿军(译) 臧彦楠(译) 王勇(译) 张玲(译) 刘辰庚(译) 李洁(译) 汤宜朗(审校) 王传跃(审校) 王刚(审校) | 2022 | 实用药物与临床2022，25，1： | 6 |
| 12 | 神经精神药理学治疗药物监测共识指南:2017版显示文摘2.2剂量相关参考浓度范围对于TDM结果的解释,除了治疗参考浓度范围外还有另一个浓度范围,即所谓的剂量相关参考浓度范围。治疗参考浓度范围的应用是药效动力学问题,而剂量相关参考浓度范围的运用是药代动力学问题。后者比较的是测得的药物浓度与理论预期药物浓度范围。参照药代动力学研究,优先考虑没有合并用药或药物基因组异常的患者群(“正常”患者),在日维持剂量(Daily maintenance dose,D m)、给药间隔(Dosing interval,d i)、总清除率(Total clearance,CL)和生物利用度(Bioavailability,F)已知情况下,某种药物在某个“正常”患者体内的预期平均稳态浓度(Average steady-state concentration,C av)可通过下面的公式计算。 | C.Hiemke N.Bergemann H.W.Clement A.Conca J.Deckert K.Domschke G.Eckermann K.Egberts M.Gerlach C.Greiner G.Gründer E.Haen U.Havemann-Reinecke G.Hefner R.Helmer G.Janssen E.Jaquenoud G.Laux T.Messer R.M ssner M.JMüller M.Paulzen B.Pfuhlmann P.Riederer A.Saria B.Schoppek G.Schoretsanitis M.Schwarz M.Silva Gracia B.Stegmann W.Steimer J.C.Stingl M.Uhr S.Ulrich S.Unterecker R.Waschgler G.Zernig G.Zurek P.Baumann 李文标(译) 果伟(译) 贺静(译) 鲍爽(译) 路钊(译) 牛梦溪(译) 阮灿军(译) 臧彦楠(译) 王勇(译) 张玲(译) 刘辰庚(译) 李洁(译) 汤宜朗(译) 王传跃(译) 王刚(译) | 2022 | 实用药物与临床2022，25，2： | 4 |
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