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| 1 | Underactive bladder:Pathophysiology and clinical significance显示文摘Underactive bladder(UAB)is a voiding disorder which generates disabling lower urinary tract symptoms(LUTS)due to the inability to produce an effective voiding contraction sufficient to empty the bladder.The underlying abnormality,that is usually appreciated when performing urodynamic studies,has been defined by the International Continence Society(ICS)as detrusor underactivity(DUA).DUA is a common yet under-researched bladder dysfunction.The prevalence of DUA in different patient groups suggests that multiple aetiologies are implicated.Currently there is no effective therapeutic approach to treat this condition.An improved understanding of the underlying mechanisms is needed to facilitate the development of new advances in treatment.The purpose of this review is to discuss the epidemiology,pathophysiology,common causes and risk factors potentially leading to DUA;to aid in the appropriate diagnosis of DUA to potentially improve treatment outcomes. | Reem Aldamanhori Nadir I.Osman Christopher R.Chapple | 2018 | Asian Journal of Urology2018，5，1： | 7 |
| 2 | Current trends in urethral stricture management显示文摘The recent International Consultation on Urological Disease(ICUD)panel 2010 confirmed that a urethral stricture is defined as a narrowing of the urethra consequent upon ischaemic spongiofibrosis,as distinct from sphincter stenoses and a urethral disruption injury.Whenever possible,an anastomotic urethroplasty should be performed because of the higher success rate as compared to augmentation urethroplasty.There is some debate currently regarding the critical stricture length at which an anastomotic procedure can be used,but clearly the extent of the spongiofibrosis and individual anatomical factors(the length of the penis and urethra)are important,the limitation for this being extension of dissection beyond the peno-scrotal junction and the subsequent production of chordee.More recently,there has been interest in whether to excise and anastomose or to carry out a stricturotomy and reanastomosis using a Heineke-Miculicz technique.Augmentation urethroplasty has evolved towards the more extensive use of oral mucosa grafts as compared to penile skin flaps,as both flaps and grafts have similar efficacy and certainly the use of either dorsal or ventral positioning seems to provide comparable results.It is important that the reconstructive surgeon is well versed in the full range of available repair techniques,as no single method is suitable for all cases and will enable the management of any unexpected anatomical findings discovered intra-operatively. | Christopher J.Hillary Nadir I.Osman Christopher R.Chapple | 2014 | Asian Journal of Urology2014，1，1： | 3 |
| 3 | The choice of surgical approach in the treatment of vesico-vaginal fistulae显示文摘Vesico-vaginal fistula is a global healthcare problem that has a high prevalence in sub-Saharan Africa,where obstetric complications lead to the development of this condition.Despite this,comparatively few fistula repairs are performed in well-resourced countries,where iatrogenic injury is the leading aetiological factor.As a consequence,much of our knowledge results from the experience of relatively few fistula surgeons in areas of high prevalence borne out of large case series or retrospective cohorts rather than high level evidence.At present,debate surrounds the exact timing of repair and the most appropriate surgical approach for this condition.Certain fistulae can be selected for conservative management,while those that do not demonstrate factors associated with spontaneous closure can be selected for surgery.Fistula surgeons should be aware of several potential repair options and the principles of contemporary fistula surgery,as the first attempt at repair is likely to be the best opportunity to achieve a successful outcome.We review the available literature and provide evidence on the optimal timing of repair,the appropriate surgical approach and the use of tissue interpositioning in fistula surgery. | Christopher J.Hillary Christoper R.Chapple | 2018 | Asian Journal of Urology2018，5，3： | 2 |
| 4 | Muscarinic receptor function, density and G‐protein coupling in the overactive diabetic rat bladder显示文摘 | L. A.Stevens D. J.Sellers N. G.McKay C. R.Chapple R.Chess‐Williams | 2006 | Autonomic and Autacoid Pharmacology2006，，3： | 1 |
| 5 | Non-invasive transcutaneous electrical stimulation in the treatment of overactive bladder显示文摘We reviewed the literature on transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation(TENS)used as a therapy for overactive bladder(OAB)symptoms,with a particular focus on:stimulation site,stimuli parameters,neural structures thought to be targeted,and the clinical and urodynamic outcomes achieved.The majority of studies used sacral or tibial nerve stimulation.The literature suggests that,whilst TENS therapy may have neuromodulation effects,patient are unlikely to benefit to a significant extent from a single application of TENS and indeed clear benefits from acute studies have not been reported.In long-term studies there were differences in the descriptions of stimulation intensity,strategy of the therapy,and positioning of the electrodes,as well as in the various symptoms and pathology of the patients.Additionally,most studies were uncontrolled and hence did not evaluate the placebo effect.Little is known about the underlying mechanism by which these therapies work and therefore exactly which structures need to be stimulated,and with what parameters.There is promising evidence for the efficacy of a transcutaneous stimulation approach,but adequate standardisation of stimulation criteria and outcome measures will be necessary to define the best way to administer this therapy and document its efficacy. | Martin Slovak Christopher R.Chapple Anthony T.Barker | 2015 | Asian Journal of Urology2015，2，2： | 1 |
| 6 | Developing biodegradable scaffolds for tissue engineering of the urethra显示文摘 | MohamedSelim Anthony J.Bullock Keith A.Blackwood Christopher R.Chapple SheilaMacNeil | 2011 | BJU International2011，，2： | 1 |
| 7 | Are biomechanical properties predictive of the success of prostheses used in stress urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse? A systematic review显示文摘 | AltafMangera Anthony J.Bullock Christopher R.Chapple SheilaMacNeil | 2012 | Neurourol Urodyn2012，，1： | 1 |
| 8 | The aging bladder insights from animal models显示文摘Alterations in bladder function with aging are very common and are very likely to represent an increasing healthcare problem in the years to come with the general aging of the population.In this review the authors describe the prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms(LUTS)and comment upon potential mechanisms which may be responsible for the increasing prevalence of lower LUTS with increasing age,based on laboratory studies.It is clear that there is a complex interplay between the various components of the neural innervation structure of the bladder in leading to changes with age,which are likely to underpin the LUTS which are seen in the aging bladder. | Lori A.Birder Aura F.Kullmann Christopher R.Chapple | 2018 | Asian Journal of Urology2018，5，3： | 1 |
| 9 | Functional and reconstructive urology (part two)显示文摘Dear Colleagues,This second special edition of the Asian Journal of Urology reviews a number of other important aspects of functional and reconstructive urology.As mentioned in the last special edition,there is a significant ageing of the population in most countries but also a still limited understanding of the structure,innervation and functional pathophysiology seen as an underlying etiological factor in the development of lower urinary tract dysfunction.The article by Lori A.Birder and colleagues[1]emphasises a number of the aspects of pathophysiology seen in the ageing bladder,with reference to existing experimental research in this field.Clearly,work such as this gives us considerable insight into how we can develop new techniques for the future. | Christopher R.Chapple Qiang Fu Chuanliang Xu | 2018 | Asian Journal of Urology2018，5，3： | 0 |
| 10 | Moving beyond BPH-A contemporary update on male LUTS显示文摘This insightful state-of-the-art article reviews lower urinary tract symptoms(LUTS)and their interface with“socalled”benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH),in particular,emphasising that LUTS are not just related to the prostate.Highlighting the importance of looking beyond the symptoms,beyond the prostate at not just the potential for a treatment,but rather at the underlying functional basis for the symptomatology.It is essential to take into account not only the patients’LUTS,but their general medical history,drug history and comorbidities and to carefully evaluate patients with a voiding diary,particularly where nocturia is a significant symptom. | Christopher R.Chapple | 2019 | Asian Journal of Urology2019，6，2： | 0 |
| 11 | Corrigendum to “Overcoming scarring in the urethra: Challenges for tissue engineering”显示文摘The author regrets the misprint in the sentence cited from reference 9 under section“Urethral stricture and histopathology”:“In contrast,the type III collagen in urethral stricture tissue was increased to 84%with a corresponding decrease in type I collagen(to 16%).”The correct sentence is“In contrast,the type I collagen in urethral stricture tissue was increased to 84%with a corresponding decrease in type III collagen(to 16%).”The author would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused. | Abdulmuttalip Simsek Reem Aldamanhori Christopher R.Chapple Sheila MacNeil | 2019 | Asian Journal of Urology2019，6，2： | 0 |
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