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| 1 | Time range of Mesozoic tectonic regime inversion in eastern North China Block显示文摘An important tectonic inversion took place in eastern North China Block(NCB) during Mesozoic, which caused a great lithosphere thinning, reconstruction of basin-range series, powerful interaction between mantle and crust, a vast granitic intrusion and volcanism, and large-scale metallogenic explosion. The time range of the Mesozoic tectonic regime inversion in the eastern North China Block is one of the key issues to understand mechanism of tectonic regime inversion. Our updated results for recognizing the time range are mainly obtained from the following aspects: structural analyses along northern and southern margins of the NCB and within the NCB for revealing tectonic inversion from compression to extension and structural striking from ~EW to NNE; geothermic analyses of the eastern sedimental basins for a great change of thermal history and regime; basin analysis for basin inversion from compression to extension and basin migration from ~EW to NNE; petrological and geochemical studies of volcanic rocks and lowermost crust xenoliths for recognizing peak period of mantle upwelling and intense interaction between mantle and crust, and main metallogenic epoch. All the studies of the above give the same time range from~150-140 Ma to ~110-100Ma, peaking at ~120 Ma. | ZHAI Mingguo ZHU Rixiang LIU Jianming MENG Qingren HOU Quanlin HU Shengbiao LIU Wei LI Zhong ZHANG Hongfu ZHANG Huafeng | 2004 | Science China Earth Sciences2004，47，2： | 89 |
| 2 | Structure and coalbed methane occurrence in tectonically deformed coals显示文摘Research on structure of tectonically deformed coals(TDC) is a key issue in coal and gas outburst prevention and coalbed methane(CBM) exploitation.This paper presents a summary on the research progress in TDC's structural-genetic classification,tectonic strain influence on coal microstructure,coal porosity system,coal chemical structure and constituents,and their relationship with the excess coalbed methane.Previous studies suggested that tectonic deformation had significant influence on coal microstructure,coal super microstructure,and even chemical macromolecular structure.The main mechanisms of coal deformation are the tectonic stress degradation and polycondensation metamorphism(dynamical metamorphism).Besides,under different deformation mechanisms,the ultra-and micro-structure and chemical constituents of TDC presented distinct characteristics.Based on these achievements,we propose one possible evolutionary trend of TDC with different deformation mechanisms,and suggest that the coal and gas outburst in the TDC,especially in the mylonitic coals,may be not only controlled by geological structure,but also influenced by the tectonic stress degradation of ductile deformation.Therefore,further study on TDC should be focused on the controlling mechanism of deformation on structure and composition of coal,generation conditions and occurrence state of excess coalbed methane from deformation mechanism of coal. | HOU QuanLin LI HuiJun FAN JunJia JU YiWen WANG TianKai LI XiaoShi WU YuDong | 2012 | Science China Earth Sciences2012，55，11： | 49 |
| 3 | Relationship between nano-scale deformation of coal structure and metamorphic-deformed environments显示文摘There is a more consanguineous relation be-tween nano-scale deformation of coal structure and meta-morphic-deformed environment. In different metamor-phic-deformed environments, deformation in the coal struc-ture can occur not only at micro-scale, but also at nano-scale, and even leads to the change of molecular structure and nano-scale pore (<100 nm) structure. The latter is the main space absorbing coalbed methane. Through X-ray diffraction (XRD) and liquid–nitrogen absorption methods, the charac-teristics of macromolecular and nano-scale pore structures of coals in different metamorphic-deformed environments and deformational series of coals have been studied. By combin-ing with high-resolution transmission electron microcopy (HRTEM), the macromolecular and nano-scale pore struc-tures are also directly observed. These results demonstrate that the stacking Lc of the macromolecular BSU in tectonic coals increases quickly from the metamorphic-deformed environment of low rank coals to that of high rank coals. For different deformed tectonic coals, in the same metamor-phic-deformed environment, the difference of Lc is obvious. These changes reflect chiefly the difference of different tem-perature and stress effect of nano-scale deformation in tec-tonic coals. The factor of temperature plays a greater role in the increase of macromolecular structure parameters Lc, the influence of stress factor is also important. With the stress strengthening, Lc shows an increasing trend, and La /Lc shows a decreasing trend. Therefore, Lc and La /Lc can be used as the indicator of nano-scale deformation degree of tectonic coals. With increasing temperature and pressure, especially oriented stress, the orientation of molecular structure be-comes stronger, and ordering degree of C-nets and the ar-rangement of BSU are obviously enhanced. For the deforma-tion of nano-scale pore structure, in the same metamor-phic-deformed environment, along with the strengthening of stress, the ratio of mesopores to its total pores volume of tec-tonic coals reduces to a large extent, the ratio of volume of micropores and the pores whose diameters are lower than micropores increases, and sub-micropores and ultra- micro-pores can be found. Moreover, the ratio of specific surface area of mesopores to its total pores reduces rapidly while theamount of sub-micropores increases more quickly. The duc-tile structure coal has a change in pore parameters similar to that of weak brittle deformation. There are differences in the deformation and evolution of nano-scale pore structure of different kinds of tectonic coals formed in different meta-morphic-deformational environments. In short, temperature and confining pressure play some role in the change of nano-scale pore structure parameters, whereas stress has important influence on the evolution of characteristic parameters in nano-scale pore structure of tectonic coals. | JU Yiwen JIANG Bo HOU Quanlin WANG Guiliang | 2005 | Chinese Science Bulletin2005，50，16： | 40 |
| 4 | Behavior and mechanism of the adsorption/desorption of tectonically deformed coals显示文摘The physical and chemical texture of tectonically deformed coals produced by various formational mechanisms are different from those of primary coals,thus resulting in major differences among the physical properties of the reservoirs of these coals. We have studied the adsorption/desorption be-havior of tectonically deformed coals by the use of isothermal adsorption/desorption experiments un-der equilibrium moisture condition. Experiments of isothermal adsorption/desorption of methane or multi-component gases have indicated that,the adsorption curves of coals with a low degree of tec-tonic deformation conform to the type of isothermal adsorption curve described by the Langmuir equation; the methane adsorption curves of coals with strong tectonic deformation cannot be de-scribed by the Langmuir equation. The adsorption/desorption process of methane and multi-compo-nent gases in the deformed coals is not consistent with primary coals,which form an effect of hys-teresis in different kinds of tectonically deformed coals. With the change of pore structure of tectoni-cally deformed coals at reservoir condition,the added adsorbed CH4 in the experiments is desorbed on the pore surface of coals during the pressure reduction process. Thus,the result shows that the ad-sorption volume in the process of desorbing is greater than that in adsorbing. Because of the defor-mation,structural change,and transformation of the adsorption potential field of coals,it is essential to form a new kind of isothermal adsorption curve and the hysteresis effect of the desorption process. | JU YiWen JIANG BO HOU QuanLin TAN YongJie WANG GuiLiang XIAO WenJiao | 2009 | Chinese Science Bulletin2009，54，1： | 26 |
| 5 | Spectra response from macromolecular structure evolution of tectonically deformed coal of different deformation mechanisms显示文摘Coals with different deformation mechanisms(brittle deformation,brittle-ductile deformation,and ductile deformation) repre-sent different ways in macromolecular structure evolution based on the metamorphism.The evolution of coal structure could affect the occurrence condition of coalbed methane(CBM) because the nanopore structure affected by macromolecular struc-ture is the most important reservoir for CBM.This paper analyzes the evolutions and mechanisms of structure and functional group of tectonically deformed coals(TDCs) collected from Huainan-Huaibei coalfield using X-ray diffraction(XRD),Raman spectroscopy,and Fourier Transform Infrared(FTIR) spectroscopy methods.The results show that the macromolecular struc-ture evolutions of TDC are different from the primary structure coal as a result of the different metamorphic grade and defor-mation mechanisms.The different deformation mechanisms variously affect the process of functional group and polyconden-sation of macromolecular structure.Furthermore,the tectonic deformation leads to secondary structural defects and reduces the structure stability of TDC.The coupled evolution on stacking and extension caused by the changes of secondary structural de-fects results from different deformation mechanisms.We consider that the changes of chemical structure and secondary struc-tural defects are the primary reasons for the various structure evolutions of TDC compared with primary structure coal. | LI XiaoShi JU YiWen HOU QuanLin LIN Hong | 2012 | Science China Earth Sciences2012，55，8： | 18 |
| 6 | Renewed profile of the Mesozoic magmatism in Korean Peninsula: Regional correlation and broader implication for cratonic destruction in the North China Craton显示文摘Widespread Mesozoic magmatism occurs in the Korean Peninsula(KP). The status quo is poles apart between the northern and southern parts in characterizing its distribution and nature, with the nearly absence of any related information in North Korea. We have the opportunity to have conducted geological investigations in North Korea and South Korea during the past ten years through international cooperation programs. This led to the revelation of a number of granitoids and related volcanic rocks and thus facilitates the comparison with those in East China and Japan. Mesozoic granitoids in the KP can be divisible into three age groups: the Triassic group with a peak age of ~220 Ma, the Jurassic one of ~190–170 Ma and the late Early Cretaceous one of ~110 Ma. The Triassic intrusions include syenite, calc-alkaline to alkaline granite and minor kimberlite in the Pyeongnam Basin of North Korea. They have been considered to form in post-orogenic settings related to the Central Asian Orogenic Belt(CAOB) or the Dabie-Sulu Orogenic Belt(DSOB). The Jurassic granitoids constitute extensive occurrence in the KP and are termed as the Daebo-period magmatism. They correlate well with coeval counterparts in NE China encompassing the northeastern part of the North China Craton(NCC) and the eastern segment of the CAOB. They commonly consist of biotite or two-mica granites and granodiorites, with some containing small dark diorite enclaves. On one hand, Early Jurassic to early Middle Jurassic magmatic rocks are rare in most areas of the NCC, whilst Middle-Late Jurassic ones are not developed in the KP. On the other hand, both NCC and KP host abundant Cretaceous granites. However, the present data revealed contrasting age peaks, with ~130–125 Ma in the NCC and ~110–105 Ma in the KP. Cretaceous granites in the KP comprise the dominant biotite granites and a few amphibole granites. The former exhibit mildly fractionated REE patterns and zircon εHf(t) values from ?15 to ?25, whereas the latter feature strongly fractionated REE patterns and zircon εHf(t) values from ?10 to ?1. Both granites contain inherited zircons of ~1.8–1.9 or ~2.5 Ga. These geochemical characters testify to their derivation from re-melting distinct protoliths in ancient basement. Another Cretaceous magmatic sub-event has been entitled as the Gyeongsang volcanism, which is composed of bimodal calc-alkaline volcanic rocks of 94–55 Ma and granitic-hypabyssal granitic bodies of 72–70 Ma. Synthesizing the Mesozoic magmatic rocks across the KP, NCC and Japan can lead to the following highlights:(1) All Triassic granites in the NCC, KP and Japan have similar characteristics in petrology, chronology and geochemistry. Therefore, the NCC, KP and Japan tend to share the same tectonic setting during the Triassic, seemingly within the context of Indosinian orogensis.(2) Jurassic to earliest Cretaceous magmatic rocks in the NCC seem to define two episodes: episode A from 175 to 157 Ma and episode B from 157 to 135 Ma. Jurassic magmatic rocks in the KP span in age mainly from 190 to 170 Ma, whereas 160–135 Ma ones are rare. With the exception of ~197 Ma Funatsu granite, Jurassic magmatic rocks are absent in Japan.(3) Cretaceous granites in the KP have a peak age of ~110, ~20 Ma younger than those in the NCC, while Japan is exempt from ~130–100 Ma granites.(4) The spatial-temporal distribution and migratory characteristics of theJurassic-Cretaceous magmatic rocks in Japan, KP, and NE China-North China indicate that the subduction of the Paleo-Pacific plate might not be operative before Late Cretaceous(~130–120 Ma).(5) Late Cretaceous magmatic rocks(~90–60 Ma) occur in the southwestern corner of the KP and also in Japan, coinciding with the metamorphic age of ~90–70 Ma in the Sanbagawa metamorphic belt of Japan. The magmatic-metamorphic rock associations and their spatial distribution demonstrate the affinities of sequentially subduction zone, island arc and back-arc basin from Japan to Korea, arguing for the Pacific plate subduction during Late Cretaceous.(6) This study raises another possibility that the Mesozoic cratonic destruction in the NCC, which mainly occurred during ~150–120 Ma, might not only be due to the subduction of the Paleo-Pacific Plate, but also owe much to the intraplate geodynamic forces triggered by other adjacent continental plates like the Eurasian and Indian plates. | ZHAI MingGuo ZHANG YanBin ZHANG XiaoHui WU Fu Yuan PENG Peng LI Qiu Li HOU QuanLin LI TieSheng ZHAO Lei | 2016 | Science China(Information Sciences)2016，59，12： | 16 |
| 7 | Discovery and Significance of High CH_4 Primary Fluid Inclusions in Reservoir Volcanic Rocks of the Songliao Basin,NE China显示文摘Comparing compositions of the fluid inclusions in volcanic rocks to the contents and isotopes of the gases in corresponding volcanic reservoirs using microthermometry, Raman microspectroscopy and mass spectrum analysis, we found that: (1) up to 82 mole% methane exists in the primary inclusions hosted in the reservoir volcanic rocks; (2) high CH4 inclusions recognized in the volcanic rocks correspond to CH4-bearing CO2 reservoirs that are rich in helium and with a high 3He/4He ratio and which show reversed order of δ 13C in alkane; (3) in gas reservoirs of such abiotic methane (>80%) and a mix of CH4 and CO2, the enclosed content of CH4 in the volcanic inclusions is usually below 42 mole%, and the reversed order of δ 13C in alkane is sometimes irregular in the corresponding gas pools; (4) a glassy inclusion with a homogeneous temperature over 900°C also contains a small portion of CH4 although predominantly CO2. This affinity between gas pool and content of inclusion in the same volcanic reservoirs demonstrates that magma-originated gases, both CH4 and CO2, have contributed significantly to the corresponding gas pools and that the assumed hydrocarbon budget of the bulk earth might be much larger than conventionally supposed. | WANG Pujun HOU Qijun WANG Keyong CHEN Shumin CHENG Rihui LIU Wanzhu LI Quanlin | 2007 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2007，81，1： | 14 |
| 8 | Comparison of coalbed gas generation between Huaibei-Huainan coalfields and Qinshui coal basin based on the tectono-thermal modeling显示文摘The geothermal history and the tectonic subsidence history of the Huaibei-Huainan coalfields were reconstructed by using the vitrinite reflectance data, and their correlative restriction on coalbed gas generation of Huaibei-Huainan coalfields and Qinshui coal basin was discussed. The burial, thermal, and maturity histories of are similar between Huaibei coalfield and Huainan coalfield, obviously different from those of Qinshui coal basin. Based on the tectono-thermal evolution characters of Huaibei-Huainan coalfields and Qinshui basin, the process of coalbed gas generation can be divided into three stages: (1) During Early Mesozoic, both in Huaibei-Huainan and Qinshui, the buried depth of Permian coal seams increased rapidly, which resulted in strong metamorphism and high burial temperature of coal seams. At this stage, the coal rank was mainly fat coal, and locally reached coking coal. These created an environment favoring the generation of thermogenic gas. (2) From Late Jurassic to Cretaceous, in the areas of Huaibei-Huainan, the strata suffered from erosion and the crust became thinning, and the Permian coal-bearing strata were uplifted to surface. At this stage, the thermogenic gas mostly escaped. Conversely, in Qinshui basin, the cover strata of coal seams kept intact during this stage, and the thermogenic gas were mostly preserved. Furthermore, with the interaction of magmatism, the burial temperature of coal seams reached higher peak value, and it was suitable for the secondary generation of thermogenic gas. (3) From Paleogene onward, in area of Huainan-Huaibei, the maturity of coal and burial temperature were propitious to the generation of secondary biogenic gases. However, in Qinshui basin, the maturity of coal went against genesis of second biogenic gas or thermogenic gas. By comparison, Huaibei-Huainan coalfields are dominated by thermogenic gas with a significant biogenic gas and hydrodynamic overprint, whereas Qinshui basin is dominated mainly by thermogenic gas. | WU YuDong JU YiWen HOU QuanLin HU ShengBiao PAN JieNan FAN JunJia | 2011 | Science China Earth Sciences2011，54，7： | 13 |
| 9 | Fractured zone height of longwall mining and its effects on the overburden aquifers显示文摘As mining depth becomes deeper and deeper,the possibility of undermining overburden aquifers is increasing.It is very important for coal miners to undertake studies on the height of fractured zone during longwall mining and the effects of longwall mining on the underground water while mining under surface water bodies and underground aquifers.In order to study this problem,piezometers for monitoring underground water levels were installed above the longwall panels in an American coalmine.Large amounts of pre-mining,during mining and post-mining monitoring data were collected.Based on the data,the heights of fractured zones were obtained and the effects of longwall mining on the underground water were studied.The results demonstrate that when the piezometer monitoring wells had an interburden thickness of less than 72.7 m,the groundwater level decreased immediately to immeasurable levels and the wells went dry after undermining the face of longwall.The height of the fractured zone is 72.7-85.3 m in the geological and mining conditions.The results also show that the calculated values of fractured zones by the empirical formulae used in China are smaller than the actual results.Therefore,it is not always safe to use them for analyses while mining under water bodies. | Guo Wenbing Zou Youfeng Hou Quanlin | 2012 | International Journal of Mining Science and Technology2012，22，5： | 11 |
| 10 | Heat flow and its coalbed gas effects in the central-south area of the Huaibei coalfield, eastern China显示文摘Based on an analysis of the present geo-temperature field and the thermal conductivity (K) of 62 samples from the central-south area of the Huaibei coalfield in eastern China, we calculated the heat flow and plotted its distribution map. The results show that the average heat flow in the research area is about 60 mW/m2. It is different from other major energy basins in the North China Plate, but has close relationship with the regional geology and the deep geological setting. The heat flow is comparatively higher in the southeastern, central, and northwestern areas than in the northeastern and southwestern areas. The geo-temperature distribution map of the bottom interface of the Permian coal measure was drawn by calculating its embedding depth and geo-temperature gradients. Finally, the present gas generation condition of the Permian coal measure is discussed by associating with the temperature condition, the vitrinite reflectance (Ro), the metamorphism of coal and tectonic-burial evolution. The study indicates all present characters of the Permian coal measure, such as lower present temperature, higher Ro value, middle-high rank coals, and uplift and extension events after the coal measure sediment, are favorable for the generation of secondary biogenic gas, but not thermogenic gas or primary biogenic gas. | TAN JingQiang JU YiWen ZHANG WenYong HOU QuanLin TAN YongJie | 2010 | Science China Earth Sciences2010，53，5： | 9 |
| 11 | Enrichment of heavy metal elements and their adsorption on iron oxides during carbonate rock weathering process显示文摘Analysis of trace elements in the Lower Palaeozoic carbonate rock strata of the Beijing area shows that the Cr, Zn, Cd and Pb contents increase from primary carbonate rocks to weathered carbonate rocks and from primary carbonate rocks to the soil coexisting with carbonate rock. Distributions of Cr, Zn, Cd and Pb have the same trends as that of Fe2O3. Iron oxides play different roles at different stages of weathering of carbonate rock. The adsorption of Cr, Zn, Cd and Pb on Fe2O3 is greater than on FeO in soil. However, FeO, as a main component of clay mineral, is a better adsorbent of Cr, Zn, Cd and Pb than Fe2O3 in weathered and primary carbonate rocks. According to R-type clustering analysis, the main components of carbonate rock are divided into marine and continental sediments. Correlation analysis shows that heavy metal elements mainly exist in continental substances. | Shanqin Ni Yiwen Ju Quanlin Hou Shijie Wang Qing Liu Yudong Wu Lingling Xiao | 2009 | Progress in Natural Science:Materials International2009，19，9： | 8 |
| 12 | Response of Macromolecular Structure to Deformation in Tectonically Deformed Coal显示文摘有不同 deformational 机制和不同 deformational 紧张的构造地使变形的煤(TDC ) 的结构的进化通过 31 上的分析不同变形等级取样的 X 光检查衍射(XRD ) 深入地被调查(Ro,最大:0.7%3.1%) 从 Huaibei 煤田镇定。结果显示在有变态和变丑增加的可锻、易碎的 deformational 煤之间有不同进化特征。随变态的增加,在一方面,原子飞机间距( d002 )在步速度正在减少,叠 BSU 层( Lc )起初正在增加然后减少,但是 BSU 层( La )和 La/Lc 的比率的延期开始正在减少然后增加。为易碎的 deformational 煤,当 deformational 紧张正在增加时,在另一方面, d002 开始正在增加然后减少,它在降低中间或高中间的变态等级下面引起 Lc 和 La 的变化的倒置。在可锻的 deformational 煤,相反, d002 开始减少了然后增加,并且 Lc 的价值随 deformational 的增加减少了紧张。但是 La 的价值在降低中间的变态等级下面增加了并且起初增加了然后在高中间的变态等级下面减少了。我们断定 TDC macromolecular 结构的降级和 polycondensation 能显然在可锻的 deformational 过程期间被影响,因为统一脱臼的增加和累积也许把压力转变成紧张精力。同时,易碎的变丑能把压力转变成部分热能,并且也支持变态和降级。变丑比对可锻、易碎的 deformational 煤的微分进化的变态更重要,这能被结束。 | LI Xiaoshi JU Yiwen HOU Quanlin FAN Junjia | 2013 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2013，87，1： | 8 |
| 13 | Deformation Localization-A Review on the Maximum-Effective-Moment(MEM) Criterion显示文摘在形成的必要差别结合砍在易碎、可锻的变丑的地区是交叉角度在之间易碎在 contractional 象限结合差错是尖锐的(通常 ∼60°) 而角度在之间结合可锻砍地区是钝的(通常 110 °) 。Mohr 库仑失败标准,一种试验性地验证的实验关系,通常被申请基于取向解释压力方向易碎砍破裂。然而, Mohr 库仑失败标准没能在 σ1 方向与一个钝角解释低角度的正常差错,高角度的反向的差错,和 conjugate 罢工滑倒差错的形成。尽管现在后来是十年, Maximum-Effective-Moment ( MEM )标准首先被建议,并且在它的支持的逐渐地稳固的证据在自然和实验室实验从两个都观察的例子被获得了,它是还没,使用解释这些 anti-Mohr-Coulomb 的一个通常接受的模型展示那广泛地在自然界上被观察。岩石的 deformational 行为取决于它象与外壳的深度有关的应用压力,紧张率,和温度条件那样的内在的机械性质和外部因素。出现结合砍有在不同规模上并且在不同外壳的层次的 contractional 方向的 ∼110° 的钝角的特征与 MEM 标准的预言一致,因此 ∼110° 是为在任何外壳的层次以媒介低的紧张率发生了的变丑本地化的可靠指示物。因为紧张率整个在自然的时间是可变的,易碎、可锻、塑料的特征可以出现在一样的岩石以内。 | ZHENG Yadong ZHANG Qing HOU Quanlin | 2015 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2015，89，4： | 7 |
| 14 | Geochemical Characters of Water Coproduced with Coalbed Gas and Shallow Groundwater in Liulin Coalfield of China显示文摘To reveal the geochemical characters of water coproduced with coalbed gas and shallow groundwater,water samples were collected from 12 wells of coalbed methane and 7 wells of shallow groundwater.The pH,CODMn,fCO2,total dissolved solids(TDS),total hardness,and concentrations of metasilicic acid,sodium and kalium,calcium ion,magnesium ion,ammonium iron,bicarbonate ion,carbonate,chloride,sulfate ion,nitrate ion,fluoride,lithium,zinc,nickel,manganese,iron,boron,barium,etc.of the samples were measured.Research results showed the following:(1)Concentrations of TDS,chloride,fluoride,sodium and kalium,ammonium,iron,and barium in the water coproduced with coalbed gas exceeded the national standards of China;however,physical,chemical,and biological properties of shallow groundwater could meet the national standard.(2)The water produced from coalbed contained mainly Na–Cl·HCO3,with average TDS of 4588.5 ppm,whereas shallow groundwater contained a mixture of chemicals including Na·Mg·Ca-HCO3·SO4and Na·MgHCO3·SO4,with average TDS of 663.8 ppm.(3)In general,it was observed that bicarbonate and sodium accumulated in a reducing environment and deeper system,while depletion of hydrogen ions and dissolution of sulfate,calcium,and magnesium occurred in a redox environment and shallow system.(4)Sodium and kalium,ammonium,chloride,and bicarbonate ions were the main ions found in the study area. | YANG Mei JU Yiwen LIU Guijian TONG Li KANG Yu HOU Quanlin | 2013 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2013，87，6： | 6 |
| 15 | The impacts of stress on the chemical structure of coals:a mini-review based on the recent development of mechanochemistry显示文摘The chemical structure evolution of coal,which is important for understanding coalification and the accompanying volatile and possible oil generation,is generally thought to be influenced by temperature,time and confining pressure.Though evidence concerning the impacts of stress on the chemical structure has accumulated for many years and some hypotheses have been proposed,the mechanism remains controversial.Recent years have seen a breakthrough in mechanochemistry,which proves that stress can act on the molecule directly to initiate or accelerate reactions by deforming the chemical bonds.The progress in mechanochemistry gives researchers incentive to consider how stress works on the chemical structure of coals.Preliminary quantum chemical calculations have been performed on the macromolecule of anthracite to explain the mechanism of gas generation during the deformation experiments at low temperatures.This paper briefly reviews the evidence regarding the impacts of stress on the chemical structure of coals and introduces the recent achievements in the mechanism research.To further investigate this problem,more work should be undertaken by researchers from both geology and quantum chemistry fields. | Quanlin Hou Yuzhen Han Jin Wang Yijing Dong Jienan Pan | 2017 | Science Bulletin2017，62，13： | 5 |
| 16 | The effect of different deformation mechanisms on the chemical structure of anthracite coals显示文摘To study the effect of different deformation mechanisms on the chemical structure of anthracite coals and further understand the correlation between changed chemical structures and coal and gas outburst, ten groups of sub-high-temperature and sub-high-pressure deformation experiments were performed. All samples maintained primary structure, which were collected from the Qudi Mine in the southern Qinshui Basin of China. The samples were analyzed by ultimate analysis, Vitrinite Reflection(VR), Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy(FTIR), and Raman spectroscopy both before and after deformation experiments for contrasting. The results showed that the VR values of all samples after experiments were significantly higher than before experiments, which suggested that the metamorphism degree of anthracite coals was increased by deformation. The results also indicated that both temperature and strain rate had significant effects on the chemical structure of anthracite coals. At a high strain rate of 4×10?5 s?1, the deformation of the samples was mainly brittle in which the mechanical energy was transformed mainly into frictional energy. In this situation, all samples developed several distinct fractured surfaces and the change of chemical structures was not obvious. On the contrary, with the decrease of the strain rates, the ductile deformation was dominated and the mechanical energy was mainly transformed into strain energy, resulting in the accumulation of deformation energy confessed by increasing quantity of dislocation and creep in the coal's interior nucleus. The absorption in the aromatic ring groups increased; otherwise the absorption in the aliphatic structures and ether oxygen groups decreased rapidly. During these experiments, CO was collected from two experimental samples. The number of aromatic rings and the structure defects within the two generated gas samples increased and the degree of molecular structure orders decreased. | XU RongTing LI HuiJun HOU QuanLin LI XiaoShi YU LiYe | 2015 | Science China Earth Sciences2015，58，4： | 4 |
| 17 | Timing and structural controls on skarn-type and vein-type mineralization at the Xitian tin-polymetallic deposit, Hunan Province, SE China显示文摘Xitian tin-polymetallic deposit, located in the eastern Hunan Province, SE China, hosts quartz vein and skarn in the contact zone between carbonate and two stages granites. Critical geodynamic questions for South China are whether different types of mineralization form in the same time and how the magmatism–tectonic system controls the ore-forming process. Based on the distribution of the orebodies, six cassiterite samples from different types of mineralization are collected for dating. In-situ LA-MCICP-MS U–Pb isotopic data yielded concordia low intercept ages between 154 and 157 Ma, indicating that different types of mineralization belong to the same magmatism–mineralization system. Coupled with the study of the kinematic indicators, it suggests that the structural control of the wall rocks constrain the types of mineralization. These results provide further evidence of a close temporal link between the structure and the tin-polymetallic mineralization in Xitian deposit. Considering the structure in the district, granite dome plays an important role in the ore-forming process. The age and structural signatures in Xitian deposit are the response to the subduction of Pacific Plate. | Miao He Quanlin Hou Qing Liu Jiheng Zhang Jinfeng Sun Shichong Wu Haofeng Zhu | 2018 | Acta Geochimica2018，37，2： | 4 |
| 18 | Platinum-group elements for the Kudi ophiolite, western Kunlun显示文摘The analyses of PGE characteristics for the Kudi ophiolite, western Kunlun, are reported in this note. The Ir-depleted anomalous ancient upper mantle represented by the Kudi mantle peridotites had been percolated and mixed by remelted oceanic crust material from a supra-subduction zone, leaving the rocks relatively enriched in Pd. The PGE contents in the Kudi cumulate pyroxenites and gabbros vary from 2.4 to 23.94 ng/g, and the highest values are in pyroxenites. The Pd/lr ratios increase from the pyroxenites to the gabbros. The PGE patterns for the Kudi cumulate rocks are steeply positively sloped. The Pd enrichment in these rocks is similar to that in pyroxenites from the Thetford ophiolite and the Troodos ophiolite. The Kudi diabase and basalts have low PGE contents and positively sloped PGE patterns, and are comparable with the upper pillow lava?from the Troodos ophiolite, indicative of the environment of back-arc spreading center in a supra-subduction zone. | Zhihong Wang Quanlin Hou Jiliang Li Haihong Chen | 2000 | Chinese Science Bulletin2000，45，6： | 4 |
| 19 | The large-scale ductile shear zone in Kuda, western Kunlun显示文摘A set of metamorphic suites, previously known as the Precambrian metamorphic basement in Kuda, western Kunlun has been determined as a large nappe ductile shear zone which develops penetrative foliation, oriented stretching lineation, various but consistent kinematic indicators of thrusting from north to south. The microstructure and the | Hui Zhou Jiliang Li Quanlin Hou Wenjiao Xiao Haihong Chen | 1999 | Chinese Science Bulletin1999，44，22： | 2 |
| 20 | Coal bed methane sorption related to coal deformation structures at different temperatures and pressures显示文摘 | Pan Jienan Hou Quanlin Ju Yiwen | 2012 | Fuel2012，102，： | 1 |
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