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| 1 | Monitoring the concentration of N_2O in the Fildes Peninsula, maritime Antarctica显示文摘Gases in the marine boundary layer in Fildes Peninsula, maritime Antarctica were sampled and analyzed for the first time. Sampling sites included areas covered by moss and lichen growth, penguin colonies and an area where scientific research stations are located. A total of 211 samples were analyzed for N2O concentrations, with an average of (321.33±3.07) nL/L. This is above the global average value of 314 nL/L. It is found that the N2O concentrations evidently increase during the summer months. Concentrations around the research stations are higher than at remote areas, indicating a potential source from human activities on the island. N2O concentrations at a large penguin colony on Barton Peninsula are the highest among the sampled areas. This may explain why N2O concentrations in Fildes Peninsula are higher than the global average. Our preliminary conclusions are that human activities and emissions from penguin dropping-amended soil and vegetation soil constitute the major sources of N2O in the | SUN Liguang, XIE Zhouqing, ZHAO Junlin, XING Guangxi, SHI Shulian & Du LijuanInstitute of Polar Environment, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China Institute of Environmental Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China Laboratory of Material Cycling in Pedosphere, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 2 10008, China | 2000 | Chinese Science Bulletin2000，45，21： | 21 |
| 2 | The seasonal variations of δ^(18)O , Cl^- , Na^+ ,NO_3^- and Ca^(2+) in the snow and firn recovered from Princess Elizabeth Land, Antarctica显示文摘Snow and firn samples recovered from two snow pits (2.5 and 4.5m deep) and one 50-m firn core along the route of the 1996/1997 Chinese First Antarctic Inland Traverse Expedition in Princess Elizabeth Land, East Antarctica, have been measured for chemical composition and oxygen isotope ratio. In the two snow pits, the variations of NO3- are partly in phase with that of δ18O, while the variations of Cl- and Na+ are in inverse phase with that of δ18O. | LI Zhongqin, ZHANG Mingjun, QIN Dahe, XIAO Cunde, TIAN Lide KANG Jiancheng and LI Jun Lanzhou Institute of Glaciology and Geocryology , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Lanzhou 730000, China Chinese Institute of Polar Research, Shanghai 200129, China Antarctic CRC and Australian Antarctic Division , Hobart, Australia Corresponding author | 1999 | Chinese Science Bulletin1999，44，24： | 17 |
| 3 | High-accuracy topographical information extraction based on fusion of ASTER stereo-data and ICESat/GLAS data in Antarctica显示文摘In order to better support Antarctic inland ice sheet expedition from Zhongshan Station to Dome A,the topographic data are necessary.At present,although the entire Antarctic DEM provided by RAMP(Ra-darsat Antarctic Mapping Project) was estimated at the highest horizontal(spatial) resolution of about 200 m,the real horizontal resolution of the DEM varies from place to place depending on the density and scale of the original source data.For ice shelves and the inland ice sheet,the horizontal resolution is about 5 km;the vertical accuracy is estimated to be ±50 m in interior East Antarctic ice sheet and away from the mountain ranges.Therefore,more accurate topographic data are unavailable in Antarc-tica.In order to meet the requirements of high-accuracy topographic information for further researches,this paper mainly addresses a fusion study of ASTER stereo pairs and ICESat/GLAS altimetry data for extraction of high-accuracy DEM in East Antarctica,based on the high horizontal resolution(15 m) of ASTER and vertical accuracy(13.8 cm) of ICESat/GLAS.First,some altimetry data were selected as vertical control points to reduce errors of image correlation matching during the extraction of ASTER-based DEM.Second,ice sheet altimetry data derived from ICESat were used to generate DEM ranging from 75° to 81°S because existing ASTER data do not cover this area and high density of the coverage of ICESat altimetry data.Finally,the DEM in coverage of the expedition route was produced.The analysis of result reveals that the DEM accuracy is improved significantly.The absolute vertical accuracy of DEM is higher than 15 m in some cases and higher than 30 m for all the areas along the expedition route except from the 009-001 scene;the interior accuracy is higher than 15 m and higher than 7 m in some cases.It can meet the requirements of topographic map at 1:50000 scale,which is an economic and advantageous method to produce the topographic products. | E DongChen1,3,SHEN Qiang2,XU Ying1,3 & CHEN Gang4 1 Chinese Antarctic Center of Surveying and Mapping,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430079,China 2 Institute of Seismology China Earthquake Administration,Wuhan 430071,China 3 Key Laboratory of Polar Surveying and Mapping,State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430079,China 4 Department of Geography,University of Calgary,Calgary,Alberta T2N 1N4,Canada | 2009 | Science China Earth Sciences2009，52，5： | 9 |
| 4 | Atmospheric nitrous oxide observations above the oceanic surface during CHINARE-18显示文摘The gas samples in the marine boundary layer were collected from the track for research ship Xuelong during the 18th Chinese Antarctic Research Expedition (CHINARE-18) and nitrous oxide measurements were made by HP5890ECD-GC in the laboratory. The results represent the shipboard N2O data set obtained within the lower troposphere with the average concentration of (313.5±2.6)nL*L-1 from 31°N to 69°S. The results showed a latitudinally weighted, mean interhemispheric difference of 0.61 nL*L-1. The latitudinal distribution of atmospheric N2O concentration was analyzed from northern midlatitudes to Southern Ocean around the Antarctic continent and it was showed that N2O concentration in the current confluences was higher than that in other oceanic areas. This indicated that strong N2O emissions occurred there. The longitudinal distribution of N2O concentrations in the Southern Ocean also showed similar situation. According to the interhemispheric difference of atmospheric N2O concentrations and the two-box model, we estimated that 2/5 of the global flux of N2O into the atmosphere is derived from the sources in the southern hemisphere. | ZHU Renbin, SUN Liguang and LIU Xiaodong(Institute of Polar Environment, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China) | 2003 | Progress in Natural Science:Materials International2003，13，8： | 9 |
| 5 | Concentration and distribution of 17 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in seawater from the Japan Sea northward to the Arctic Ocean显示文摘Seventeen classic organochlorine pesticides in surface seawater were studied in terms of their composition pattern as well as their distribution pattern in the areas covering the Japan Sea,Okhotsk Sea,Bering Sea,Chukchi Sea and Arctic Ocean.Their concentrations varied,but roughly two levels were seen with one ranging between 0.1 and 1 ng L-1 for most HCH isomers and the other lower than 0.1 ng L-1 for other chemicals.Of the 17 target compounds,HCHs were dominant with a total concentration percentage generally more than 50%,and a relatively high concentration percentage of heptachlor and aldrine was also observed at scattered stations.The historical long-term trend of several target chemicals in the five sea zones considered was discussed in comparison with previous reports.Inter-sea zone comparison was carried out for individual chemicals by comparing the concentration variation in all five sea zones.A higher variation in concentration was generally found in the northern sea zones,namely the Bering Sea,Chukchi Sea and Arctic Ocean,for most target compounds.The sum concentration of the 17 target chemicals displayed a general trend of increasing northward from the Japan Sea to the Okhotsk Sea to the Bering Sea to the Arctic Ocean.Different latitudinal trends were found forγ-HCH andγ-HCH,and the reason of this difference was discussed by considering their divergence of thermodynamic properties,which could contribute to a slightly different fractionation effect during their northward transport driven by atmospheric long range transport.The source of the HCHs was identified by analyzing theγ-HCH/γ-HCH ratio,which was less than 4 without exception,indicating a component characteristic featuring a mixture of technical HCHs and lindane.In addition,the vertical distribution ofγ-HCH,γ-HCH and their ratio at station B80 was discussed.Different patterns were found in the upper 300 m while in layers from 300 m downward to 3500 m the patterns were fairly comparable.The vertical profiles were used to correlate the water mass distribution,based on which four layers were tentatively classified at station B80. | CAI MingGang 1,2,QIU CanRong 1,SHEN Yuan 1,CAI MingHong 3,HUANG ShuiYing 1,QIAN BiHua 1,SUN JiongHui 1 & LIU XiaoYan 1 1Department of Oceanography,College of Oceanography and Environmental Science,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,China 2State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,China 3State Oceanic Administration Key Laboratory for Polar Science,Polar Research Institute of China,Shanghai 200136,China | 2010 | Science China Chemistry2010，53，5： | 3 |
| 6 | Evidence of wintertime CO_2 emission from snow-covered grounds in high latitudes显示文摘In order to measure CO2 flux in wintertime arctic ecosystems, CO2 gas was sampled from various snow-covered grounds by using a closed chamber method during the First China Arctic Scientific Expedition from March to May in 1995. The CO2 gas samples were measured by using an infra-red analyzer (IRGA). The results showed that (ⅰ) CO2 emission was detected from all kinds of the snow-covered grounds, which provides direct evidence that the arctic tundra is functioning as a source of atmospheric CO2; (ⅱ) CO2 release was also detected from the permanent ice profile and icecap, and (ⅲ) CO2 evolution from terrestrial ecosystems in higher latitudes increased with an increase of surface temperature in accordance with the exponential function. This indicates a close coincidence with that under normal temperature conditions, and provides a useful method for predicting change in CO2 flux in the arctic ecosystems with the global climate change. | 方精云 唐艳鸿KOIZUMI Hiroshi(Division of Plant Ecology National Institute of Agro-Environmental Sciences Tsukuba 305 Japan)BEKKU Yukiko(National Polar Institute Tokyo 192 Japan) | 1999 | Science China Earth Sciences1999，42，4： | 2 |
| 7 | Temporal and spatial variations of δ^(15)N and δ^(18)O for atmospheric N_2O above the oceanic surface from Shanghai to Antarctica显示文摘During the 22nd Chinese Antarctic Research Expedition (CHINARE-22), the atmospheric gas samples above the oceanic surface and near the surface were collected on the track for the scientific ship 'Xuelong' and on Millor Peninsula of eastern Antarctica, respectively, using the Tedlar gas bags. Every day the sampling times were 10:00 and 22:00 (local time), respectively. In the laboratory, high-precision measurement of the isotopic compositions for N2O in these gas samples was conducted using Thermo Finnigan MAT-253 Isotopic Mass Spectrometer with a fully automated interface for the pre-GC concen-tration (PreCon) of trace gases. The temporal and spatial variations of δ 15N and δ 18O in atmospheric N2O were analyzed. The mean δ 15N and δ 18O-N2O values above the oceanic surface were (7.21±0.50)‰ and (44.52±0.52)‰, respectively. From 30°N to Antarctica, the δ 15N (6.05‰―7.88‰) linearly increased with the rate of about 0.01‰ with the latitude while the δ 18O (43.05‰―48.78‰) showed a large fluctua-tion. The δ 15N negatively correlated with air temperature and N2O concentration, and slightly positively correlated with δ 18O. The summertime variations of δ 15N and δ 18O-N2O appeared the same trend on Millor Peninsula of eastern Antarctica. They significantly positively correlated with each other and negatively with N2O concentration. The δ 15N and δ 18O-N2O at different sites averaged (7.42±0.35)‰ and (44.69±0.49)‰, respectively, slightly higher than those above the oceanic surface, significantly higher than those of atmospheric N2O in the low-latitude regions of Northern Hemisphere. The predominant factors affecting the spatial variations of δ 15N and δ 18O values were also discussed. The isotopic data given in this study can help to investigate the global and regional N2O budgets. | ZHU RenBin1, LIU YaShu1, XU Hua2, MA Jing2 & SUN LiGuang1 1 Institute of Polar Environment, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China 2 State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210091, China | 2008 | Science China Earth Sciences2008，51，6： | 2 |
| 8 | Electrochemically generated oxygen contamination in submerged arc welding 显示文摘 | Polar A Indacochea J E Blander M | 1990 | Welding Journal1990，69，2： | 1 |
| 9 | Prevalence of commonly found pa- thoses associated with mandibular impacted third molars based on panoramic radiographs in Turkish population 显示文摘 | Polar HB Ozan F Kara I | 2008 | Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod2008，105，6： | 1 |
| 10 | Attractors for generalized Benjamin- Bona -Mathony equation 显示文摘 | Celebi A O Kalantarov V K Polar M | 1999 | J Diff Eqns1999，157，2： | 1 |
| 11 | Breakdown of binding mechanisms in amblyopia显示文摘 | Kovács I Polar U Norcia AM | 1996 | Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci1996，37，3： | 1 |
| 12 | Evaluation of the cases with a- cute disseminated encephalomyelitis 显示文摘 | Tosun A Serdaroglu G Polar M | 2009 | Indian J Pediatr2009，76，5： | 1 |
| 13 | 1: A new high-efficiency organic material with reversible photoinduced birefringence 显示文摘 | TODOROV T L NIKOLOVA TOMAVA N Polarization holography | 1984 | Applied Optics1984，23，23： | 1 |
| 14 | Protective effect of chelerythrine on gentamicin-induced nephro- toxicity显示文摘 | Parlakpinar H Tasdemir S Polar A | 2006 | Cell Biochem Funct2006，24，： | 1 |
| 15 | Restoration of underdeveloped cortical functions: evidence fi'om treatment of adult amblyopia显示文摘 | Polar U | 2008 | Restor Neurol Neurosci2008，26，45： | 1 |
| 16 | Transition state anal- ysis of the coupling of drug transport to ATP hydrolysis by P- glycoprotein 显示文摘 | Al-shawi MK Polar MK Omote H | 2003 | J Biol Chem2003，278，52： | 1 |
| 17 | Metachronous tumors of testis in undescendent and ectopic testis显示文摘 | Ozbey I Aksoy Y Polar O | 2001 | Int Urol Nephrol2001，33，3： | 1 |
| 18 | Primary cerebral neuro- blastoma 显示文摘 | Polar P Kantarci M Eren S | 2005 | JBR-BTR2005，88，3： | 1 |
| 19 | Anterior sacral meningocele mimicking ovarian cyst:a ease report显示文摘 | Polar AV Belet U Aydin R | 2013 | Med Uhrasonog2013，15，： | 1 |
| 20 | Effects of naloxone on sodiumand potassium dependant adenosine 5-triphosphate activity and lipid peroxidation and early ultrastructural finding after experimental spinal cordinjury显示文摘 | Ildan F Polar S Oner A | 1995 | Neurosurgery1995，36，4： | 1 |
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