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| 1 | Islet transplantation-immunological challenges and current perspectives显示文摘Pancreatic islet transplantation is a minimally invasive procedure aiming to reverse the effects of insulin deficiency in patients with type 1 diabetes(T1D)by transplanting pancreatic beta cells.Overall,pancreatic islet transplantation has improved to a great extent,and cellular replacement will likely become the mainstay treatment.We review pancreatic islet transplantation as a treatment for T1D and the immunological challenges faced.Published data demonstrated that the time for islet cell transfusion varied between 2 and 10 h.Approximately 54%of the patients gained insulin independence at the end of the first year,while only 20%remained insulin-free at the end of the second year.Eventually,most transplanted patients return to using some form of exogenous insulin within a few years after the transplantation,which imposed the need to improve immunological factors before transplantation.We also discuss the immunosuppressive regimens,apoptotic donor lymphocytes,anti-TIM-1 antibodies,mixed chimerism-based tolerance induction,induction of antigen-specific tolerance utilizing ethylene carbodiimide-fixed splenocytes,pretransplant infusions of donor apoptotic cells,B cell depletion,preconditioning of isolated islets,inducing local immunotolerance,cell encapsulation and immunoisolation,using of biomaterials,immunomodulatory cells,etc. | Plamena Kabakchieva Yavor Assyov Stavros Gerasoudis Georgi Vasilev Monika Peshevska-Sekulovska Metodija Sekulovski Snezhina Lazova Dimitrina Georgieva Miteva Milena Gulinac Latchezar Tomov Tsvetelina Velikova | 2023 | World Journal of Transplantation2023，13，4： | 1 |
| 2 | Effectiveness and safety of COVID-19 vaccines in patients with diabetes as a factor for vaccine hesitancy显示文摘Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common comorbid conditions encountered in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection accompanied by significantly increased mortality,prolonged hospital stay,and requirement of invasive mechanical ventilation.This review aims to present the effectiveness and safety profile of available coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)vaccines in people with diabetes as a potential cause of hesitancy for vaccination.Data from published research proves a robust immune response following immunization for COVID-19 in diabetic patients with substantial production of virus-neutralizing antibodies;however,the observed immune response was unequivocally weaker than that in individuals without diabetes.This observation was further enhanced by the findings that worse glycemic control was associated with more suppressed antibody production.In contrast,individuals with optimal glycemic control performed similarly to healthy controls.In addition to the need for strict glucose monitoring and adequate diabetes treatment,those findings reinforce the concept of diabetes-induced secondary immune deficiency and necessitate the application of booster doses to diabetic patients with priority.Nevertheless,after vaccination,reported adverse events were not different from those in the general population.No increase in severe adverse events was documented.While single case reports detected transient increases in blood glucose post-vaccination,more extensive trials could not replicate such a relationship. | Georgi Vasilev Plamena Kabakchieva Dimitrina Miteva Hristiana Batselova Tsvetelina Velikova | 2022 | World Journal of Diabetes2022，13，9： | 0 |
| 3 | Long-term effectiveness,outcomes and complications of bariatric surgery显示文摘Dietary imbalance and overeating can lead to an increasingly widespread disease-obesity.Aesthetic considerations aside,obesity is defined as an excess of adipose tissue that can lead to serious health problems and can predispose to a number of pathological changes and clinical diseases,including diabetes;hypertension;atherosclerosis;coronary artery disease and stroke;obstructive sleep apnea;depression;weight-related arthropathies and endometrial and breast cancer.A body weight 20%above ideal for age,gender and height is a severe health risk.Bariatric surgery is a set of surgical methods to treat morbid obesity when other treatments such as diet,increased physical activity,behavioral changes and drugs have failed.The two most common procedures currently used are sleeve gastrectomy and gastric bypass.This procedure has gained popularity recently and is generally considered safe and effective.Although current data show that perioperative mortality is low and better control of comorbidities and short-term complications is achieved,more randomized trials are needed to evaluate the long-term outcomes of bariatric procedures.This review aims to synthesize and summarize the growing evidence on the long-term effectiveness,outcomes and complications of bariatric surgery. | Milena Gulinac Dimitrina Georgieva Miteva Monika Peshevska-Sekulovska Ivan P Novakov Svetozar Antovic Milena Peruhova Violeta Snegarova Plamena Kabakchieva Yavor Assyov Georgi Vasilev Metodija Sekulovski Snezhina Lazova Latchezar Tomov Tsvetelina Velikova | 2023 | World Journal of Clinical Cases2023，11，19： | 0 |
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