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| 1 | Differences in physiological integration between invasive and noninvasive introduced clonal species of Carpobrotus显示文摘Aims Clonal growth is associated with invasiveness in introduced plant species,but few studies have compared invasive and noninvasive introduced clonal species to investigate which clonal traits may underlie invasiveness.To test the hypothesis that greater capacity to increase clonal growth via physiological integration of connected ramets increases invasiveness in clonal plants,we compared the effects of severing connections on accumulation of mass in the two species of the creeping,succulent,perennial,herbaceous genus Carpobrotus that have been introduced on sand dunes along the Pacific Coast of northern California,the highly invasive species Carpobrotus edulis and the co-occurring,noninvasive species Carpobrotus chilensis.Methods Pairs of ramets from four mixed populations of the species from California were grown in a common garden for 3 months with and without severing the stem connecting the ramets.To simulate the effect of clones on soils in natural populations,the older ramet was grown in sand amended with potting compost and the younger in sand alone.Important Findings Severance decreased net growth in mass by~60%in C.edulis and~100%in C.chilensis,due mainly to the negative effect of severance on the shoot mass of the younger ramet within a pair.Contrary to the hypothesis,this suggests that physiological integration increases growth more in the less invasive species.However,severance also decreased allocation of mass to roots in the older ramet and increased it in the younger ramet in a pair,and the effect on the younger ramet was about twice as great in C.edulis as in C.chilensis.This indicates that the more invasive species shows greater phenotypic plasticity in response to physiological integration,in particular greater capacity for division of labor.This could contribute to greater long-term growth and suggests that the division of labor may be a trait that underlies the association between clonal growth and invasiveness in plants. | Sergio R.Roiloa Peter Alpert Rodolfo Barreiro | 2019 | Journal of Plant Ecology2019，12，6： | 2 |
| 2 | Effects of clonal integration, nutrients and cadmium on growth of the aquatic macrophyte Pistia stratiotes显示文摘许多湿地同时遭受养分和有毒金属的污染,其植被多数为克隆植物。我们假设,富养化和克隆整合可以通过增加植物的生长来提高对有毒金属污染的植物修复能力,即使在毒性胁迫环境下也是如此。为验证此假说,我们将常见、广布的匍匐茎漂浮植物大薸(Pistia stratiotes L.)的单个分株种植在两种不同的养分条件下和两种镉污染处理(无镉或含0.6 mg L^(-1)的镉)中42天。通过保持或切断母株与其后代分株之间的连接来维持或阻止克隆整合,并通过保留或移除切断后的后代分株来控制克隆内竞争的有无。由于高养分条件下克隆后代分株的数量增加了一倍,因此镉处理下大薸的生物量在高养分条件下几乎是在低养分条件下的两倍。切断匍匐茎连接对整个克隆(母株和后代分株的总和)的生物量没有影响。切断连接后去除后代分株对镉污染下母株的生物量没有显著的影响,但却显著增加了无镉污染下母株的生物量。这些研究结果支持富养化可以提高水生植物对有毒金属污染的修复能力这一假说,但并不支持克隆整合有利于植物修复的假说。因此,水生植物(如大薸)可能有助于对同时遭受有毒金属和养分污染的湿地进行修复,但克隆片段化对植物的这种修复能力可能没有显著影响。 | Michael Opoku Adomako Peter Alpert Dao-Lin Du Fei-Hai Yu | 2020 | Journal of Plant Ecology2020，13，6： | 1 |
| 3 | IDENTIFICATION OF A HISTAMINE H<sub>4</sub> RECEPTOR ON HUMAN EOSINOPHILS—ROLE IN EOSINOPHIL CHEMOTAXIS显示文摘 | Mark O’Reilly Robbin Alpert Stephen Jenkinson Ronald P. Gladue Shane Foo Steven Trim Beate Peter Mike Trevethick Mark Fidock | 2002 | Journal of Receptors and Signal Transduction (-)2002，，1： | 1 |
| 4 | Effects of clonal integration on plant plasticity in Fragaria chiloensis显示文摘 | Peter Alpert | 1999 | Plant Ecology (-)1999，，1： | 1 |
| 5 | Effects of soil substrate heterogeneity and moisture on interspecific competition between Alternanthera philoxeroides and four native species显示文摘Aims Clonal plant species have the potential for high relative performance in heterogeneous environments,and this might increase the com-petitive ability and invasiveness of introduced clonal plant species.It was hypothesized that clonal species whose performance responds more to heterogeneity of a resource have higher competitive ability in habitats where this resource is more heterogeneous and that this relationship is stronger when other resources are less limiting.Methods To test these hypotheses,the perennial clonal herb Alternanthera philoxeroides,which is invasive in China,was grown alone or with each of four clonal perennial,co-occurring herbs native to China,i.e.Alternanthera sessilis,Cynodon dactylon,Hemarthria altissima and Wedelia chinensis.Plants were given homogeneous or het-erogeneous soil substrate crossed with low and high levels of soil moisture.Important Findings Effects of heterogeneity on the accumulation of mass and ramets and on competitive effect and response of A.philoxeroides differed between native species and interacted with effects of soil moisture.A.philoxeroides reduced the final total mass or ramet number of the native species except A.sessilis,and the negative competitive effects on H.altissima and C.dactylon were more pronounced in heterogeneous than in homogeneous soil.Competitive response of A.philoxeroides was more negative to A.sessilis than to the other native species.Across native species,the competitive response of A.philoxeroides was more negative in heterogeneous than in homo-geneous soils at low moisture level,but the reverse was true at high moisture level.Results do not consistently support either hypoth-esis,but do suggest that competitive ability can be partly explained by individual species traits such as size,and that some competi-tive effects and responses are emergent properties of interspecific interactions. | Lu Liu Bi-Cheng Dong Peter Alpert Fei-Hai Yu | 2017 | Journal of Plant Ecology2017，10，3： | 1 |
| 6 | Effects of clonal integration on plant plasticity in Fragaria chiloensis显示文摘 | Peter Alpert | 1999 | Plant Ecology (-)1999，，1： | 1 |
| 7 | Submaximal oxygen uptake kinetics, functional mobility, and physical activity in older adults with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction显示文摘 | Scott L Hummel John Herald Craig Alpert Kimberlee A Gretebeck Wendy S Champoux Donald R Dengel Peter V Vaitkevicius Neil B Alexander | 2016 | Journal of Geriatric Cardiology2016，13，5： | 1 |
| 8 | 四大洲食用昼花属的比较入侵生态学:对养分和竞争的响应显示文摘入侵生物学的两个关键假设是,某些特征是外来物种入侵的基础,且这些特征是在引入期间或之后选择的。我们通过关注两个可能赋予入侵性的特征来检验这些假设,即营养增加引起的较高生长加速和竞争引起的较低生长减速。我们对采自非洲、澳洲、欧洲和北美洲的4个食用昼花属(Carpobrotus)品种进行了比较。为了测试高入侵物种莫邪菊(Carpobrotus edulis)对这些特征的选择,我们将原产于南非的植株与入侵其他3个地区的植株进行了比较。在一个同质园中繁殖植株。然后,在添加或不添加养分的情况下单独培育子代,并在不添加养分的情况下将子代与另一个食用昼花属品种一起、或与欧洲的一种共生本土物种马兰草(Ammophila arenaria)一起培育。不同品种的食用昼花属对营养物质的反应并无差异,在入侵性更强的物种中,竞争反应的负面性也没有减弱。然而,与本土莫邪菊相比,添加营养物质引起外来莫邪菊更高的生长加速。此外,在处理开始时,两种入侵物种每分株的鲜质量高于两种非入侵物种。我们的研究结果表明,引种可以选择入侵物种对营养富集的反应进行选择,也证明了外来植物的体积和入侵性之间的关联。 | Rubén Portela Rodolfo Barreiro Peter Alpert Cheng-Yuan Xu Bruce L.Webber Sergio R.Roiloa | 2023 | Journal of Plant Ecology2023，16，1： | 0 |
| 9 | 环境问题科学委员会的可持续生物圈项目显示文摘可持续生物圈项目(SustainableBiosphere project,SBP)是环境问题科学委员会(SCOPE)发起组织的一个新项目,有两个目标:一是进一步了解决定生态系统稳定性的生物物理因素、社会因素和经济因素;二是利用这些信息激励与推动资源持续利用政策的贯彻执行。为达到上述目标。 | Peter Alpert Jane Lubchenco Paul G.Risser 曾本祥 | 1995 | 人类环境杂志1995，24，2： | 0 |
| 10 | Genetic diversity and offspring fitness in the red and white fruit color morphs of the wild strawberry Fragaria pentaphylla显示文摘果实颜色的多态性在植物界普遍存在,但是其维持机制尚不清楚。一些假说认为扩散者会偏好一些果色形态,但也有其它假说认为不同的果色形态具有各异的前扩散或后扩散适合度。我们比较分析了中国中南部野生二倍体五叶草莓(Fragaria pentaphylla)红白果型种群的遗传多样性、克隆多样性、交配系统、与抗冻性有关的形态特征以及子代的萌发、存活和种子产量等特征。五叶草莓红果型远远多于白果型,但基于观察到的有效等位基因数、香农信息指数、预期或观察到的杂合度数量等指标,红果型并未表现出更高的遗传多样性。分子方差分析(AMOVA)表明,大多数种群的遗传变异存在于红白果型内,而不是在红白果型间。红白果型的交配系统参数没有差异,且红白果型均未发现存在显著的双亲近交。红白果型间的基因流很高(N_(m)=6.89)。与白果型相比,红果型的种子的种子萌发约早2天,萌发率高出40%,但红白果型间的幼苗存活率和子代的种子产量没有差异。红果型总的扩散后适合度是白果型的2倍左右。红果型叶柄毛较多,但叶表面蜡质不多。综上所述,研究结果部分证据表明不同颜色形态的五叶草莓果实在扩散前后的适合度存在差异。因此,与扩散无关的适合度的差异部分解释了所有情况下果实颜色的多态性。 | Lu-Xi Chen Su-Ting Xu Wei-Hang Ding Jun-Min Li Peter Alpert | 2020 | Journal of Plant Ecology2020，13，1： | 0 |
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