| 1 | Epidemiology of viral hepatitis in Somalia:Systematic review and meta-analysis study显示文摘AIM To provide a clear understanding of viral hepatitis epidemiology and their clinical burdens in Somalia.METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted as Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. A comprehensive literature search of published studies on viral hepatitis was performed from 1977-2016 in Pub Med, Google Scholar, Science Direct, World Health Organization African Index Medicus and the Africa Journals Online databases, as well as on the Ministry of Health website. We also captured unpublished articles that were not available on online systems.RESULTS Twenty-nine studies from Somalia and Somali immigrants(United Kingdom,United States,Italy,Libya)with a combined sample size for each type of viral hepatitis[hepatitis A virus(HAV):1564,hepatitis B virus(HBV):8756,hepatitis C virus(HCV):6257,hepatitis D virus(HDV):375 and hepatitis E virus(HEV):278]were analyzed.The overall pooled prevalence rate of HAV was 90.2%(95%CI:77.8%to 96%).The HAV prevalence among different age groups was as follows:<1 year old,61.54%(95%CI:40.14%to79.24%);1-10 years old,91.91%(95%CI:87.76%to94.73%);11-19 years old,96.31%(95%CI:92.84%to 98.14%);20-39 years old,91.3%(95%CI:83.07%to 95.73%);and>40 years old,86.96%(95%CI:75.68%to 93.47%).The overall pooled prevalence of HBV was 18.9%(95%CI:14%to 29%).The overall pooled prevalence among subgroups of HBV was20.5%(95%CI:5.1%to 55.4%)in pregnant women;5.7%(95%CI:2.7%to 11.5%)in children;39.2%(95%CI:33.4%to 45.4%)in patients with chronic liver disease,including hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC);7.7%(95%CI:4.2%to 13.6%),12.4%(95%CI:6.3%to 23.0%)and 11.8%(95%CI:5.3%to 24.5%)in age groups<20 years old,20-39 years old and>40years old,respectively.The HBV prevalence among risk groups was 20%(95%CI:7.19%to 44.64%)in female prostitutes,21.28%(95%CI:7.15%to48.69%)in hospitalized adults,5.56%(95%CI:0.99%to 25.62%)in hospitalized children,60%(95%CI:31.66%to 82.92%)in patients with acute hepatitis,33.55%(95%CI:14.44%to 60.16%)in patients with ancylostomiasis,12.34%(95%CI:7.24%to 20.26%)in patients with leprosy and 20.19%(95%CI:11.28%to33.49%)in schistosomiasis patients.The overall pooled prevalence of HCV was estimated as 4.84%(95%CI:3.02%to 7.67%).The prevalence rates among blood donors,risk groups,children and patients chronic liver disease(including HCC)was 0.87%(95%CI:0.33%to 2.30%),2.43%(95%CI:1.21%to 4.8%),1.37%(95%CI:0.76%to 2.46%)and 29.82%(95%CI:15.84%to 48.98%),respectively.The prevalence among genotypes of HCV was 21.9%(95%CI:15.36%to 30.23%)in genotype 1,0.87%(95%CI:0.12%to 5.9%)in genotype 2,25.21%(95%CI:18.23%to 33.77%)in genotype 3,46.24%(95%CI:37.48%to 55.25%)in genotype 4,2.52%(95%CI:0.82%to7.53%)in genotype 5,and 1.19%(95%CI:0.07%to16.38%)in genotype 6.The overall pooled prevalence of HDV was 28.99%(95%CI:16.38%to 45.96%).The HDV prevalence rate among patients with chronic liver disease,including HCC,was 43.77%(95%CI:35.09%to 52.84%).The overall pooled prevalence of HEV was46.86%(95%CI:5.31%to 93.28%).CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates a high prevalence of all forms of viral hepatitis in Somalia and it also indicates that chronic HBV was the commonest cause of chronic liver disease.This highlights needs for urgent public health interventions and strategic policy directions to controlling the burden of the disease. | Mohamed Abdulkadir Hassan-Kadle Mugtaba Sulaiman Osman Pavel Petrovich Ogurtsov | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，34： | 1 |
| 2 | Boceprevir plus peginterferon/ribavirin for treatment ofchronic hepatitis C in Russia显示文摘AIM: to evaluate addition of boceprevir to peginterferon/ribavirin(PR) in Russian patients with chronic hepatitis C virus(HCV).METHODS: treatment-naive(t N) and treatmentexperienced(t E) patients(who had failed prior treatment with PR for ≥ 12 wk) with chronic HCV genotype 1 infection were enrolled in this placebocontrolled, double-blind study. All patients initially received PR for 4 wk. Patients randomized to control treatment then received PR for an additional 44 wk. t N patients randomized to triple therapy received boceprevir(800 mg three times daily) plus PR for 24 wk and then further therapy according to treatment week 8(t W8) HCV RNA levels. t E patients received boceprevir plus PR for 32 wk and then further therapy according to t W8 HCV RNA levels. treatment was discontinued for t N patients with detectable HCV RNA at t W24 and t E patients with detectable HCV RNA at t W12 because of futility. the primary efficacy end point was sustained virologic response(SVR) defined as undetectable HCV RNA 24 wk after completing all study therapy.RESULTS: SVR was 74.8% in the boceprevir plus PR arm compared with 46.2% in the control arm, with a stratification-adjusted treatment difference of 29.2%(95%CI: 16.4-41.5; P < 0.0001). Rates of SVR were higher in the boceprevir arm in both t N and t E patient groups(t N 78.4% vs 56.3%; t E 69.4% vs 30.0%). Within t E patients, the rates of SVR were higher with boceprevir plus PR compared with PR, regardless of treatment failure type(null responder, partial responder, and relapser). Most patients receiving boceprevir plus PR in both t N(86%) and t E(71%) populations were eligible for reduced treatment duration. Anemia was increased in patients receiving boceprevir plus PR vs PR alone(47.2% vs 24.4%); there was a corresponding increase in ribavirin dose reduction and erythropoietin use. Among patients receiving boceprevir plus PR, SVR rates were similar in patients with anemia(< 10 g/d L) and those without anemia(71.2% vs 77.4%).CONCLUSION: Regulatory approval has been obtained for boceprevir plus PR in Russian patients with HCV genotype 1 infection based on the results of this study. | Vasily Isakov Igor Nikitin Vladimir Chulanov Pavel Ogurtsov Ekaterina Lukyanova Jianmin Long JaniceWahl Frans A Helmond the P08160 Trial Investigators | 2016 | World Journal of Hepatology2016，8，6： | 0 |
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