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| 1 | Ampullary cancer of intestinal origin and duodenal cancer-A logical clinical and therapeutic subgroup in periampullary cancer显示文摘Periampullary cancers include pancreatic, ampullary, biliary and duodenal cancers. At presentation, the majority of periampullary tumours have grown to involve the pancreas, bile duct, ampulla and duodenum. This can result in difficulty in defining the primary site of origin in all but the smallest tumors due to anatomical proximity and architectural distortion. This has led to variation in the reported proportions of resected periampullary cancers. Pancreatic cancer is the most common cancer resected with a pancreaticoduodenectomy followed by ampullary(16%-50%), bile duct(5%-39%), and duodenal cancer(3%-17%). Patients with resected duodenal and ampullary cancers have a better reported median survival(29-47 mo and 22-54 mo) compared to pancreatic cancer(13-19 mo). The poorer survival with pancreatic cancer relates to differences in tumour characteristics such as a higher incidence of nodal, neural and vascular invasion. While small ampullary cancers can present early with biliary obstruction, pancreatic cancers need to reach a certain size before biliary obstruction ensues. This larger size at presentation contributes to a higher incidence of resection margin involvement in pancreatic cancer. Ampullary cancers can be subdivided into intestinal or pancreatobiliary subtype cancers with histomolecular staining. This avoids relying on histomorphology alone, as even some poorly differentiated cancers preserve the histomolecular profile of their mucosa of origin. Histomolecular profiling is superior to anatomic location in prognosticating survival. Ampullary cancers of intestinal subtype and duodenal cancers are similar in their intestinal origin and form a logical clinical and therapeutic subgroup of periampullary cancers. They respond to 5-FU based chemotherapeutic regimens such as capecitabine-oxaliplatin. Unlike pancreatic cancers, KRAS mutation occurs in only approximately a third of ampullary and duodenal cancers. Future clinical trials should group ampullary cancers of intestinal origin and duodenal cancers together given their similarities and their response to fluoropyrimidine therapy in combination with oxaliplatin. The addition of anti-epidermal growth factor receptor therapy in this group warrants study. | Manju D Chandrasegaram Anthony J Gill Jas Samra Tim Price John Chen Jonathan Fawcett Neil D Merrett | 2017 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology2017，9，10： | 4 |
| 2 | Heparin resistance in severe thermal injury:a prospective cohort study显示文摘Background:Low molecular-weight heparin(LMWH)is routinely administered to burn patients for thromboprophylaxis.Some studies have reported heparin resistance,yet the mechanism(s)and prevalence have not been systematically studied.We hypothesized that nucleosomes,composed of histone structures with associated DNA released from injured tissue and activated immune cells in the form of neutrophil extracellular traps(NETs or NETosis),neutralize LMWH resulting in suboptimal anticoagulation,assessed by reduction in anti-factor Xa activity.Methods:Blood was sampled from>15%total body surface area(TBSA)burn patients receiving LMWH on days 5,10 and 14.Peak anti-factor Xa(AFXa)activity,anti-thrombin(ATIII)activity,cellfree DNA(cfDNA)levels and nucleosome levels were measured.Mixed effects regression was adjusted for multiple confounders,including injury severity and ATIII activity,and was used to test the association between nucleosomes and AFXa.Results:A total of 30 patients with severe burns were included.Mean TBSA 43%(SD 17).Twentythree(77%)patients were affected by heparin resistance(defined by AFXa activity<0.2 IU/mL).Mean peak AFXa activity across samples was 0.18 IU/mL(SD 0.11).Mean ATIII was 81.9%activity(SD 20.4).Samples taken at higher LWMH doses were found to have significantly increased AFXa activity,though the effect was not observed at all doses,at 8000 IU no samples were heparin resistant.Nucleosome levels were negatively correlated with AFXa(r=−0.29,p=0.050)consistent with the hypothesis.The final model,with peak AFXa as the response variable,was adjusted for nucleosome levels(p=0.0453),ATIII activity(p=0.0053),LMWH dose pre-sample(p=0.0049),drug given(enoxaparin or tinzaparin)(p=0.03),and other confounders including severity of injury,age,gender,time point of sample.Conclusions:Heparin resistance is a prevalent issue in severe burns.Nucleosome levels were increased post-burn,and showed an inverse association with AFXa consistent with the hypothesis that they may interfere with the anticoagulant effect of heparin in vivo and contribute to heparin resistance.Accurate monitoring of AFXa activity with appropriate therapy escalation plans are recommended with dose adjustment following severe burn injury. | Liam D Cato Benjamin Bailiff Joshua Price Christos Ermogeneous Jon Hazeldine William Lester Gillian Lowe Christopher Wearn Jonathan RB Bishop Janet M Lord Naiem Moiemen Paul Harrison | 2021 | Burns & Trauma2021，9，1： | 3 |
| 3 | 多重结局的多元Meta分析和多重治疗的网状Meta分析:原理、概念及实例显示文摘英国国家健康与临床优选研究所(NICE)等组织需要对现有研究获得的证据进行整合来指导决策,需要确定关于多重疗效及安全性结局的最佳治疗。但是,相关的研究不一定对所有关注的治疗或结局都进行了直接比较,多元Meta分析及网状Meta分析为如何确定最佳治疗这一问题提供了思路,该方法不仅考虑了直接证据,还利用了关联或间接的证据。本文中,研究者描述了这些方法学的重要概念及假设,并阐述关联及间接证据如何产生,同时通过图表说明这些证据在涉及多重结局和多重治疗的真实临床案例中如何使用。 | Richard D Riley Dan Jackson Georgia Salanti Danielle L Burke Malcolm Price Jamie Kirkham Ian R White 孙至佳(译) 张岩(译) 刘雪晴(译) 杨智荣(校) 孙凤(校) | 2018 | 英国医学杂志中文版2018，21，12： | 2 |
| 4 | Role of kinases and the phosphatase calcineurin in the nuclear shuttling of transcription factor NF-AT4 显示文摘 | Shibasaki F Price ER Milan D | 1996 | Nature1996，382，6589： | 2 |
| 5 | Effects of microstructure and of protective coatings on the attack on steel by molten zinc显示文摘 | Price G D S Charles J A | 1973 | J Iron and Steel Institute1973，211，12： | 2 |
| 6 | Fusion neutron and ion emission from deuterium and deuterated methane cluster plasmas显示文摘 | K W Madison P K Patel D Price A Edens, M Allen, T E Cowan, J Zweiback, T Ditmire | | 0，，： | 2 |
| 7 | Juglone, an inhibitor of the peptidyl-prolyl isomerase Pinl ,also directly blocks transcription 显示文摘 | CHAOS H GREENLEAF A L PRICE D H | 2001 | Nucl Acids Res2001，29，3： | 1 |
| 8 | Advances in parabolic trough solar power technology 显示文摘 | Price H Lu pfert E Kearney D | 2002 | Journal of Solar Energy Engineering2002，124，5： | 1 |
| 9 | Randomised controlled trial of montelukast plus inhaled budesonide versus double dose inhaled budesonide in adult patients with asthma 显示文摘 | Hernandez D Magyar P | 2003 | Thorax2003，58，： | 1 |
| 10 | Oxygen in the Earth' s core: A first-principles study显示文摘 | Alfe D Price G D Gillan M J | 1999 | Physics of Earth and Planetary Interior1999，110，： | 1 |
| 11 | Blood flow and leukocyte mobilization in infection:A comparison between ischemic and wellperfused flaps显示文摘 | Feng L J Price DC Hohn D | 1983 | Plast Surg Forum1983，86，： | 1 |
| 12 | Melting of MgO-Computer calculations via molecular dynamics 显示文摘 | VOCADLO L PRICE G D | 1996 | Phys Chem Minerals1996，23，： | 1 |
| 13 | A review of manufacturing flexibility显示文摘 | Beach R Muhlemann A P Price D H R | 2000 | European Journal of Operational Research2000，122，： | 1 |
| 14 | α1- Adrenergic receptor subtypes in human detrusor 显示文摘 | MALLOY B J PRINCE D T PRICE P R | 1998 | J Urol1998，160，： | 1 |
| 15 | Thermal behaviour of covalently bonded phosphate and phosphonate flame retardant polystyrene systems 显示文摘 | Price D Cunliffe L K | 2007 | Polymer Degradation and Stability2007，92，6： | 1 |
| 16 | Alzheimer's disease: a dis-order of cortical cholinergie innervation显示文摘 | Coyle JT Price D J Delong MR | 1983 | Science1983，219，： | 1 |
| 17 | 'Fast track' and new methodology in hospital planning andconstruction显示文摘 | Price D L | 1972 | Hosp ProH1972，53，6： | 1 |
| 18 | Architects' perspectives on construction waste reduction by design显示文摘 | Osmani M Glass J Price A D F | | 0，，07： | 1 |
| 19 | Zinc alpha-2-gly- coprotein is expressed by malignant prostatic epithelium and may serve as a potential serum marker for prostate cancer 显示文摘 | Hale L P Price D T Sanchez L M | 2001 | Clin Cancer Res2001，7，4： | 1 |
| 20 | Activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase in human prostate cancer显示文摘 | Price D T Della Rocca G Guo C et ai | 1999 | J Urol1999，162，4： | 1 |
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