|
|
|
题名
|
作者
|
年代
|
出处
|
被引量
|
| 1 | Uptake of Organic Phosphorus by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Red Clover显示文摘The capacities of two arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, Glomus mosseae and Glomus versderme, tomineralize added organic P were studied in a sterilized calcareous soil. Mycorrhizal (inoculated with eitherof the AM fungi) and non-mycorrhizal red clover (Trghlium pmtense L.) plants were grown for eight weeksin pots with upper root, central hyphal and lower soil compartments. The hyphal and soil compartmentsreceived either organic P (as Na-phytate) or inorganic P (as KH2PO4) at tbe rate of 50 mg P kg-1. No P wasadded to the root compartments. Control pots received no added P. Yields were higher in mycorrhizal than innon-mycorrhizal clover. Mycorrhizal inoculation doubled shoot P concentration and more than doubled totalP uptake of plaflts in P-amended soil, irrespective of the form of applied P. The mycorrhizal contributionto inorganic P uptake was 80% or 76% in plants inoculated with G. mosseae or G. verefforme, respectively.Corresponding va1ues were 74% and 82% when Na-phytate was | SONGYONGCHUN P.CHRISTIE | 2002 | Pedosphere2002，12，2： | 9 |
| 2 | Physiological and Antioxidant Responses of Germinating Mung Bean Seedlings to Phthalate Esters in Soil显示文摘Single phytotoxicity of two representative phthalate esters(PAEs),di-n-butyl phthalate(DnBP)and bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate(DEHP),was tested in mung bean(Vigna radiata)seedlings germinated for 72 h in soils spiked with varying concentrations(0-500 mg kg^(-1)soil)of DnBP or DEHP.PAEs added at up to 500 mg kg^(-1)soil exerted no significant effect on germination but both pollutants significantly inhibited root elongation(P<0.01),DEHP inhibited shoot elongation(P<0.01)and DnBP depressed biomass on a fresh weight basis(P<0.05).Seedling shoot and root malondialdehyde(MDA)contents tended to be stimulated by DnBP but inhibited by DEHP.However,increases in superoxide dismutase,peroxidase,ascorbate peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase activities,as well as glutathione(GSH)content,were induced at higher concentrations(e.g.,20 mg kg^(-1))of both compounds.Accumulation of proline in both roots and shoots and the storage compounds,such as free amino acids and total soluble sugars,in whole plant was induced under the stress exerted by both PAEs.The general responses of mung bean seedlings indicated higher toxicity of DnBP than DEHP on primary growth,during which root elongation was a more responsive index.MDA and GSH were more sensitive parameters in the roots than in the shoots and they might be recommended as physiologically sensitive parameters to assess the toxicity of PAE compounds in soils in future long-term studies. | MA Ting-Ting P.CHRISTIE LUO Yong-Ming TENG Ying | 2014 | Pedosphere2014，24，1： | 8 |
| 3 | Role of Carbon Substrates Added in the Transformation of Surplus Nitrate to Organic Nitrogen in a Calcareous Soil显示文摘Excessive amounts of nitrate have accumulated in many soils on the North China Plain due to the large amounts of chemical N fertilizers or manures used in combination with low carbon inputs. We investigated the potential of different carbon substrates added to transform soil nitrate into soil organic N (SON). A 56-d laboratory incubation experiment using the 15 N tracer (K15 NO3 ) technique was carried out to elucidate the proportion of SON derived from accumulated soil nitrate following amendment with glucose or maize straw at controlled soil temperature and moisture. The dynamics and isotopic abundance of mineral N (NO3 and NH+4 ) and SON and greenhouse gas (N2O and CO2 ) emissions during the incubation were investigated. Although carbon amendments markedly stimulated transformation of nitrate to newly formed SON, this was only a substitution effect of the newly formed SON with native SON because SON at the end of the incubation period was not significantly different (P > 0.05) from that in control soil without added C. At the end of the incubation period, amendment with glucose, a readily available C source, increased nitrate immobilization by 2.65 times and total N2O-N emission by 33.7 times, as compared with maize straw amendment. Moreover, the differences in SON and total N2O-N emission between the treatments with glucose and maize straw were significant (P < 0.05). However, the total N2O-N emission in the straw treatment was not significantly (P > 0.05) greater than that in the control. Straw amendment may be a potential option in agricultural practice for transformation of nitrate N to SON and minimization of N2O emitted as well as restriction of NO3-N leaching. | QIU Shao-Jun JU Xiao-Tang J.INGWERSEN GUO Zi-De C.F.STANGE R.BISHARAT T.STRECK P.CHRISTIE ZHANG Fu-Suo | 2013 | Pedosphere2013，23，2： | 8 |
| 4 | Responses of Greenhouse Tomato and Pepper Yields and Nitrogen Dynamics to Applied Compound Fertilizers显示文摘Yield and N uptake of tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) and pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) crops in five successive rotations receiving two compound fertilizers (12-12-17 and 21-8-11 N-P2O5-K2O) were studied to determine 1)crop responses,2) dynamics of NO3-N and NH4-N in different soil layers,3) N balance and 4) system-level N efficiencies.Five treatments (2 fertilizers,2 fertilizer rates and a control),each with three replicates,were arranged in the study.The higher N fertilizer rate,300 kg N ha-1 (versus 150 kg N ha-i),returned higher vegetable fruit yields and total aboveground N uptake with the largest crop responses occurring for the low-N fertilizer (12-12-17) applied at 300 kg N ha-1 rather than with the high-N fertilizer (21-8-11). Ammonium-N in the top 90 cm of the soil profile declined during the experiment,while nitrate-N remained at a similar level throughout the experiment with the lower rate of fertilizer N.At the higher rate of N fertilizer there was a continuous NO3-N accumulation of over 800 kg N ha-1. About 200 kg N ha-1 was applied with irrigation to each crop using NO3-contaminated groundwater. In general,about 50% of the total N input was recovered from all treatments. Pepper,relative to tomato,used N more efficiently with smaller N losses,but the crops utilized less than 29% of the fertilizer N over the two and a half-year period. Local agricultural practices maintained high residual soil nutrient status. Thus,optimization of irrigation is required to minimize nitrate leaching and maximize crop N recovery. | ZHUJian-Hua LIXiao-Lin ZHANGFu-Suo LIJun-Liang P,CHRISTIE P.CHRISTIE | 2004 | Pedosphere2004，14，2： | 8 |
| 5 | Alleviation of Soil Acidity and Aluminium Phytotoxicityin Acid Soils by Using Alkaline-Stabilised Biosolids显示文摘A pot experiment was catried out to study alleviation of soil acidity and Al toxicity by applying analkaline-stabilised sewage sludge product (biosolids) to an acid clay sandy loam (pH 5.7) and a strongly acidsandy loam (pH 4.5). Barley (Hondeum vulgare L. cv. Forrester) was used as a test crop and was grownin the sewage sludge-amended (33.5 t sludge DM ha-1) and unamended soils. The results showed that thealka1ine biosloids increased soil pH from 5.7 to 6.9 for the clay sandy loam and from 4.5 to 6.0 for the sandyloam. The sludge product decreased KCl-extractable Al from 0.1 to 0.0 cmol kg-1 for the former soil andfrom 4.0 to 0.1 cmol kg-1 for the latter soil. As a result, barley plants grew much better and grain yieldincreased greatly in the amended treatments compared with the unamended controls. These observationsindicate that alkaline-stabilised biosolids can be used as a liming material for remedying Al phytotoxicity instrongly acid soils by increasing soil pH and lowering | LUOYONGMING P.CHRISTIE | 2002 | Pedosphere2002，12，2： | 6 |
| 6 | Effect of Alkaline-Stabilised Sewage Sludge on Extractable Organic Carbon and Copper in Soils显示文摘An incubation experiment was conducted to evaluate the potential for water contamination with sludge-derived organic substances and copper following land application of alkaline-stabilised sewage sludge. Twocontrasting sludge-amended soils were studied. Both soils were previously treated with urban and ruralalkaline biosolids separately at sludge application rates of 0, 30 and 120 t ha-1 fresh product. The air-driedsoil/sludge mixtures were wetted with distilled water, maintained at 40 % of water-holding capacity andequilibrated for three weeks at 4 ℃ before extraction. Subsamples were extracted with either distilled wateror 0.5 mol L-1 K2SO4 solution. The concentrations of organic C in the aqueous and chemical extractswere determined directly with a total organic carbon (TOC) analyser. The concentrations of Cu in the twoextracts were also determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry The relationship between the twoextractable organic C fractions was examined, together with | LUOYONGMING P.CHRISTIE | 2002 | Pedosphere2002，12，2： | 4 |
| 7 | Natural ^(15)N Abundance in Winter Wheat Amended with Urea and Compost: A Long-Term Experiment显示文摘We investigated15N abundance(δ15N)of winter wheat(Triticum aestivum cv.Jinmai 1)plants and soil at diferent growth stages in a field with a 13-year fertilization history of urea and compost,to determine whether or not theδ15N of plant parts can be used as an indicator of organic amendment with compost.Plant parts(roots,leaves,stems and grains)and soil were sampled at re-greening,jointing,grain filling and mature growth stages of winter wheat.There were significant diferences between the urea and compost treatments inδ15N of whole plants,plant parts and soil over the whole growing season.Determination of theδ15N of plant parts was more convenient than that of whole plant to distinguish between the application of organic amendment and synthetic N fertilizer. | ZHOU Wei HU Chun-Sheng LI Ji P.CHRISTIE HE Xin-Hua JU Xiao-Tang | 2013 | Pedosphere2013，23，6： | 2 |
| 8 | Isolation and Characterization of Chlorothalonil-Degrading Bacterial Strain H4 and Its Potential for Remediation of Contaminated Soil显示文摘A chlorothalonil(CTN)-degrading bacterial strain H4 was isolated in this study from a contaminated soil by continuous enrichment culture to identify its characteristics and to investigate its potential for remediation of CTN in contaminated soil. Based on the morphological, physiological and biochemical tests and 16 S r DNA sequence analysis, the strain was identified as Stenotrophomonas sp. After liquid culture for 7 d, 82.2% of CTN was removed by strain H4. The isolate could degrade CTN over a broad range of temperatures and p H values, and the optimum conditions for H4 degradation were p H 7.0 and 30℃. Reintroduction of the bacteria into artificially contaminated soil resulted in substantial removal of CTN(> 50%) after incubation for 14 d. Soil samples treated by H4 showed significant increases(P < 0.05) in soil dehydrogenase activity, soil polyphenol oxidase activity, average well-color development obtained by the Biolog Eco plate TM assay and Shannon-Weaver index, compared with the control. Strain H4 might be a promising candidate for application in the bioremediation of CTN-contaminated soils. | ZHANG Man-Yun TENG Ying ZHU Ye WANG Jun LUO Yong-Ming P.CHRISTIE LI Zhen-Gao T.K.UDEIGWE | 2014 | Pedosphere2014，24，6： | 1 |
| 9 | Designing ICM projects for sustainability:Lessons from the Philippines and Indonesia显示文摘 | White A.T P.Christie H.D' Agnes K.Lowry N.Milne | | 0，，3： | 1 |
| 10 | A solution scan of societal options to reduce transmission and spread of respiratory viruses:SARS-CoV-2 as a case study显示文摘Societal biosecurity–measures built into everyday society to minimize risks from pests and diseases–is an important aspect of managing epidemics and pandemics.We aimed to identify societal options for reducing the transmission and spread of respiratory viruses.We used SARS-CoV-2(severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2)as a case study to meet the immediate need to manage the COVID-19 pandemic and eventually transition to more normal societal conditions,and to catalog options for managing similar pandemics in the future.We used a‘solution scanning’approach.We read the literature;consulted psychology,public health,medical,and solution scanning experts;crowd-sourced options using social media;and collated comments on a preprint.Here,we present a list of 519 possible measures to reduce SARS-CoV-2 transmission and spread.We provide a long list of options for policymakers and businesses to consider when designing biosecurity plans to combat SARS-CoV-2 and similar pathogens in the future.We also developed an online application to help with this process.We encourage testing of actions,documentation of outcomes,revisions to the current list,and the addition of further options. | William J.Sutherland Nigel G.Taylor David C.Aldridge Philip Martin Catherine Rhodes Gorm Shackelford Simon Beard Haydn Belfield Andrew J.Bladon Cameron Brick Alec P.Christie Andrew P.Dobson Harriet Downey Amelia S.C.Hood Fangyuan Hua Alice C.Hughes Rebecca M.Jarvis Douglas MacFarlane William H.Morgan Anne-ChristineMupepele Stefan J.Marciniak Cassidy Nelson SeánÓhÉigeartaigh Clarissa Rios Rojas Katherine A.Sainsbury Rebecca K.Smith Lalitha S.Sundaram Ann Thornton John Watkins Thomas B.White Kate Willott Silviu O.Petrovan | 2021 | Journal of Biosafety and Biosecurity2021，3，2： | 0 |
| 11 | Extractability of Cu in Alkaline Biosolids-Amended Soilsas Influenced by γ-Irradiation显示文摘An incubation experiment was conducted to investigate the microbial biomass associated Cu in fourcontrasting soils to which an alkaline stabilised sewage sludge cake was applied. The organisms of sludge-amended and control soils were killed using ry-irradiation technique, and the aqueous and acid-extractable Cuconcentrations were determined. Addition of the sludge product increased significantly the concentration ofboth the aqueous and dilute HOAc-extractable Cu in all the irradiated soils compared to the non-sterilisedsludge/soil mixtures, but the increase was more pronounced in the dilute acid-extractable Cu, indicating thatthe Cu rendered extractable in water and dilute acetic acid by 7-irradiation existed in the both soil liquidand solid phases. The additional increase in extractable Cu following the biocidal treatment is likely to bedue to release of Cu from the same fraction of soil microbial biomass. | LUOYONGMING P.CHRISTIE | 2002 | Pedosphere2002，12，2： | 0 |
您所在的机构暂未开通此部分的功能，请联系管理员