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| 1 | Analysis on Technical Efficiency of Rice Farms and Its Influencing Factors in South-western of Niger显示文摘The present study focused on analyzing the technical efficiency of rice farms in southwest of Niger. The data from January to March 2015 survey of 148 ms in three districts of south-western of Niger were analyzed by using DEA-Tobit two-step method. In the first step, data envelopment analysis(DEA) was applied to estimate technical, pure technical and scale efficiency. In the second step, Tobit regression was used to identify factors affecting technical efficiency. The results showed that rice producers in southwest of Niger could reduce their inputs by 52% and still produce the same level of rice output. The Tobit regression showed that factors, such as farm size, experience in rice farming, membership of cooperative, main occupation and land ownership had a direct impact on technical efficiency. | Oumarou Boubacar Zhou Hui-qiu Muhammad Abdullah Rana Sidra Ghazanfar | 2016 | Journal of Northeast Agricultural University(English Edition)2016，23，4： | 5 |
| 2 | Factors associated with coverage of praziquantel for schistosomiasis control in the communitydirect intervention (CDI) approach in Mali (West Africa)显示文摘Background:Despite the progress made in the control of Neglected Tropical Diseases(NTD),schistosome and soil-transmitted helminth infections are far from being effectively managed in many parts of the world.Chemotherapy,the key element of all control strategies,is faced with some difficulties in terms of access to treatment.Our study aims to describe the factors involved in the success or failure of the community-directed intervention(CDI)approach through control programmes,which aims to achieve consistent high coverage at affordable and sustainable costs in endemic areas.Methods:The CDI approach was carried out from December 2007 to October 2008 in ten villages of the district of Diéma,Mali.At inclusion,each child part of the study’s sample was interviewed and submitted for a physical examination.The study focused on:data collection,treatment of the eligible population,evaluation of the treatment coverage,performance of community drug distributors(CDDs),and the involvement and perception of populations.Results:A total of 8,022 eligible people were studied with a mean coverage rate of 76.7%.Using multiple regression,it was determined that receiving praziquantel as treatment was associated with five factors:belonging to the Fulani or Moorish ethnic minority versus the Bambara/Soninke,use of the central versus the house-to-house drug distribution mode,the ratio of the population to the number of CDDs,the lack of supervision and belonging to the age group of 15 years or above(p<0.05).As well as that,it was found that the presence of parallel community-based programmes(HIV,tuberculosis)that provide financial incentives for community members discouraged many CDDs(who in most cases are volunteers)to participate in the CDI approach due to a lack of incentives.Conclusions:The findings indicate that the success of the CDI approach depends on,amongst other things,the personal characteristics of the respondents,as well as on community factors. | Abdoulaye Dabo Boubacar Bary Bourema Kouriba Oumar Sankaré Ogobara Doumbo | 2013 | Infectious Diseases of Poverty2013，2，1： | 3 |
| 3 | Etiology, Pathology, Management and Prognosis of Chronic Pancreatitis in Chinese Population: A Retrospective Study显示文摘The purpose of this study was to investigate the etiology, pathological characteristics, management and prognosis of chronic pancreatitis in the Chinese population. The clinical data of 142 patients with chronic pancreatitis were retrospectively studied. All patients were of Chinese nationality and hospitalized from January 2008 to December 2011. Their ages ranged from 14 to 76 years, with a mean of 43 years. Of 142 patients, there were 72 cases of obstructive chronic pancreatitis(50.70%), 19 cases of alcoholic chronic pancreatitis(13.38%), 14 cases of autoimmune pancreatitis(9.86%) and 37 cases of undetermined etiology(26.06%). Pathologically, the average inflammatory mass diameter was 3.8±3.3 cm, biliary obstruction occurred in 36 cases, gall stones in 70 cases, calcification in 88 cases, ductal dilatation in 61 cases, side branch dilatation in 32 cases, ductal irregularity in 10 cases, lymphocytic inflammation in 23 cases, obliterative phlebitis in 14 cases, extra pancreatic lesion in 19 cases and fibrosis in 142 cases. Location of pancreatic lesion in the region of head(n=97), neck(n=16), body(n=12), tail(n=15) and whole pancreas(n=2) influenced the choice of surgical procedures. Ninety-four patients(66.20%) received surgical treatment and 33.80% received other treatments. After operation, 80.85% of 94 patients experienced decreased pain, and 8.51% of 94 showed recovery of endocrine function but with a complication rate of 12.77%. All the operations were performed successfully. According to the pain scale of European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer(QLQ-C30) a decrease from 76±22 to 14±18 was observed. Etiology, pathological characteristics, management and prognosis of chronic pancreatitis in the Chinese population vary from others. | Soriba Naby Camara Sonam Ramdany 赵刚 勾善淼 熊炯炘 杨智勇 殷涛 杨明 Oumar Taibata Balde Ahmed Boubacar Barry Seid.Adji 李想 金岩 吴河水 王春友 | 2015 | Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Medical Sciences)2015，35，3： | 2 |
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