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| 1 | Pathogenic mechanisms of pancreatitis显示文摘Pancreatitis is inflammation of pancreas and caused by a number of factors including pancreatic duct obstruction, alcoholism, and mutation in the cationic trypsinogen gene. Pancreatitis is represented as acute pancreatitis with acute inflammatory responses and; chronic pan-creatitis characterized by marked stroma formation with a high number of infiltrating granulocytes(such as neutrophils, eosinophils), monocytes, macrophages and pancreatic stellate cells(PSCs). These inflammatory cells are known to play a central role in initiating and promoting inflammation including pancreatic fibrosis, i.e., a major risk factor for pancreatic cancer. A number of inflammatory cytokines are known to involve in pro-moting pancreatic pathogenesis that lead pancreatic fibrosis. Pancreatic fibrosis is a dynamic phenomenon that requires an intricate network of several autocrine and paracrine signaling pathways. In this review, we have provided the details of various cytokines and molecular mechanistic pathways(i.e., Transforming growth factor-β/SMAD, mitogen--activated protein kinases, Rho kinase, Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators, and phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase) that have a critical role in the activation of PSCs to promote chronic pancreatitis and trigger the phenomenon of pancreatic fibrogenesis. In this review of literature, we discuss the involvement of several pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, such as in interleukin(IL)-1, IL-1β, IL-6, IL--8 IL-10, IL-18, IL--33 and tumor necrosis factor-α, in the pathogenesis of disease. Our review also highlights the significance of several experimental animal models that have an important role in dissecting the mechanistic pathways operating in the development of chronic pancreatitis, including pancreatic fibrosis. Additionally, we provided several intermediary molecules that are involved in major signaling pathways that might provide target molecules for future therapeutic treatment strategies for pancreatic pathogenesis. | Murli Manohar Alok Kumar Verma Sathisha Upparahalli Venkateshaiah Nathan L Sanders Anil Mishra | 2017 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics2017，8，1： | 21 |
| 2 | Management of distal humeral coronal shear fractures显示文摘Coronal shear fractures of the distal humerus are rare,complex fractures that can be technically challenging to manage. They usually result from a low-energy fall and direct compression of the distal humerus by the radial head in a hyper-extended or semi-flexed elbow or from spontaneous reduction of a posterolateral subluxation or dislocation. Due to the small number of soft tissue attachments at this site, almost all of these fractures are displaced. The incidence of distal humeral coronal shear fractures is higher among women because of the higher rate of osteoporosis in women and the difference in carrying angle between men and women. Distal humeral coronal shear fractures may occur in isolation, may be part of a complex elbow injury, or may be associated with injuries proximal or distal to the elbow. An associated lateral collateral ligament injury is seen in up to 40% and an associated radial head fracture is seen in up to 30% of these fractures. Given the complex nature of distal humeral coronal shear fractures, there is preference for operative management. Operative fixation leads to stable anatomic reduction, restores articular congruity, and allows initiation of early range-of-motion movements in the majority of cases. Several surgical exposure and fixation techniques are available to reconstruct the articular surface fol owing distal humeral coronal shear fractures. The lateral extensile approach and fixation with countersunk headless compression screws placed in an anterior-to-posterior fashion are commonly used. We have found a two-incision approach(direct anterior and lateral) that results in less soft tissue dissection and better outcomes than the lateral extensile approach in our experience. Stiffness, pain, articular incongruity, arthritis, and ulnohumeral instability may result if reduction is non-anatomic or if fixation fails. | Shahram S Yari Nathan L Bowers Miguel A Craig Lee M Reichel | 2015 | World Journal of Clinical Cases2015，3，5： | 15 |
| 3 | 临床实践指南应当包含治疗负担显示文摘医疗方案的实施需要花费大量时间和精力,给慢性病患者带来巨大负担。然而,临床实践指南高度重视的是得到某些临床结果(如呼吸急促减少或存活率增加),传统指南的建议也是从同样角度提出的。最近的指南会考虑患者的价值观以及指南建议行为的可接受性和可行性,但对治疗负担没有明确规定。这使患者很难根据自己的价值观和能力对治疗做出明智的决定。 | Claudia C Dobler Nathan Harb Catherine A Maguire Carol L Armour Courtney Coleman M Hassan Murad 邓璇(译) 莫云凌(校) | 2019 | 英国医学杂志中文版2019，22，3： | 3 |
| 4 | Metastatic recurrence to a solitary lymph node four years after hepatic lobectomy for primary hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘This report describes a patient that developed recurrent metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) to a suprapancreatic lymph node four years after being treated for primary HCC via complete left hepatectomy. Metastatic HCC was proven by pathologic confirmation. The report addresses the role of surgical resection as a treatment modality for recurrent HCC to solitary lymph nodes. The role of biological chemotherapy as adjuvant treatment is also addressed. | Michael L Caparelli Nathan J Roberts Timothy S Braverman Robert M Stevens Edward R Broun Shyam Allamaneni | 2016 | World Journal of Hepatology2016，8，23： | 2 |
| 5 | Effect of Cyclosporine on Left Ventricular Remodeling After Reperfused Myocardial Infarction显示文摘 | Nathan Mewton Pierre Croisille Gerald Gahide Gilles Rioufol Eric Bonnefoy Ingrid Sanchez Thien Tri Cung Catherine Sportouch Denis Angoulvant Gérard Finet Xavier André-Fou?t Geneviève Derumeaux Christophe Piot Hélène Vernhet Didier Revel Michel Ovize | 2010 | Journal of the American College of Cardiology2010，，12： | 2 |
| 6 | Malaria: current status of control, diagnosis, treatment, and a proposed agenda for research and development显示文摘 | Philippe J Guerin Piero Olliaro Francois Nosten Pierre Druilhe Ramanan Laxminarayan Fred Binka Wen L Kilama Nathan Ford Nicholas J White | 2002 | The Lancet Infectious Diseases2002，，9： | 2 |
| 7 | Appendectomy and Clostridium difficile colitis:Relationships revealed by clinical observations and immunology显示文摘Advances in understanding the interaction between the human immune system and the microbiome have led to an improved understanding of the function of the vermiform appendix as a safe-house for beneficial bacteria in the colon.These advances have been made despite long standing clinical observations that the appendectomy is a safe and effective procedure.However,more recent clinical data show that an appendectomy puts patients at increased risk for recurrent Clostridium difficile(C.difficile)-associated colitis,and probably other diseases associated with an altered microbiome.At the same time,appendectomy does not apparently put patients at risk for an initial onset of C.difficile-associated colitis.These clinical observations point toward the idea that the vermiform appendix might not effectively protect the microbiome in the face of broad spectrum antibiotics,the use of which precedes the initial onset of C.difficile-associated colitis.Further,these observations point to the idea that historically important threats to the microbiome such as infectious gastrointestinal pathogens have been supplanted by other threats,particularly the use of broad spectrum antibiotics. | Nathan L Sanders R Randal Bollinger Ryan Lee Steven Thomas William Parker | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，34： | 2 |
| 8 | Knee osteoarthritis:Therapeutic alternatives in primary care显示文摘AIM To discusses pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapeutic alternatives for managing knee osteoarthritis in primary care by primary health care nurse practitioners.METHODS A case example is presented, the evidence-based guideline recommendations of the Osteoarthritis Research Society International and the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons are reviewed, and a plan of care is developed.RESULTS Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis seen in primary care, and it is a major public health issue because the aging population and widespread obesity have drastically increased incidence. Osteoarthritis is clinically associated with escalating chronic pain, physical disability, and decreased quality of life. Early diagnosis of mild osteoarthritis in relatively young patients presents an opportunity for primary health care providers to manage pain, increase quality of life, and decrease risk of disability. CONCLUSION Primary health care providers can implement these recommendations in their own practices to provide care to patients with knee osteoarthritis based on current best evidence. | Allison L Evaniew Nathan Evaniew | 2017 | World Journal of Orthopedics2017，8，2： | 2 |
| 9 | A conceptual framework of accounting policy choice under SSAP 20显示文摘 | GEORGE I NATHAN L | 2005 | Managerial Auditing Journal2005，，7： | 1 |
| 10 | Seven Strategies for Enabling Faculty Success in Distance Education显示文摘 | Farhad Saba Nathan K Lindsay | 2004 | Internet and Higher Education2004，，7： | 1 |
| 11 | Estradiol inhibits leukocyte adhesion and transendothelial migration in rabbits in vivo显示文摘 | Rervin S Singh R | 1999 | Circ Res1999，20，： | 1 |
| 12 | Palladium-catalyzed methylation and arylation of sp2 and sp3 C-H bonds in simple carboxylie acids显示文摘 | Ramesh G Nathan M Jiao-fie L | 2007 | J Am Chem Soe2007，129，： | 1 |
| 13 | Use of the airway questionnaire 20 to detect changes in quality of life in asthmatic patients and its association with the St George's respiratory questionnaire and clinical parameters显示文摘 | WIN T PEARCE L NATHAN J | 2008 | Can Respir J2008，15，3： | 1 |
| 14 | Growth hormone replacement attenuates diastolic dysfunction and cardiacan giotensin Ⅱ expression in senescent rats 显示文摘 | Groban L Nathan A Colleen DL | 2006 | J Gerontol A Biol2006，61，1： | 1 |
| 15 | Functional communication skills of children with speech difficulties:performance on Bishop's Children' s Communication Checklist显示文摘 | Nathan L | | 0，，03： | 1 |
| 16 | Carbohydrates in cell recognition显示文摘 | Nathan S Halina L | 1993 | Scien-tific American1993，268，1： | 1 |
| 17 | Spermatodesmata of the Sawflies (Hymenoptera: Symphyta): Evidence for Multiple Increase in Sperm Bundle Size 显示文摘 | Nathan S Anthony J Flemming Quicke L J | 2001 | Journal H ymenoptera Research2001，10，2： | 1 |
| 18 | Tests of glycemia for the diag- nosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus显示文摘 | Barr RG Nathan DM Meigs JB et a l | 2002 | Ann Intern Med2002，137，4： | 1 |
| 19 | Expression, purification and characterization of the human membrane transporter protein OATP2B1 from Sf- 9 insect cells显示文摘 | WILLIAM R T NATHAN D P CARYL L M | 2008 | Protein Expression and Purification2008，57，2： | 1 |
| 20 | Evaluation of a novel ehmmogenic agar medium for isolation and differentiation of vaneomycin resistant Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis isolate 显示文摘 | NATHAN A L DAS K EVELAND M | 2007 | J Clin Mierobiol2007，45，5： | 1 |
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