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| 1 | Behavior modeling and verification of movement authority scenario of Chinese Train Control System using AADL显示文摘Train control systems like most digital controllers are, by definition, hybrid systems as they interact with or try to control some aspects of the physical world. Detailed behavior modeling with constraints specification and formal verification, required for reliability prediction, is a great challenge for hybrid system designers.Train control systems further intensify this challenge with extensive interaction between computing units and their physical environment and their mutual dependence on each other. In this paper, we investigate behavior modeling and formal verification of Chinese Train Control System Level 3(CTCS-3) using Architectural Analysis & Design Language(AADL) to cope with this challenge. AADL is an architecture description language for embedded systems and is based on model-based engineering paradigm. Along with structural modeling of embedded systems using the core language constructs, AADL also provides support for language extension through annex sublanguages. In system requirements specification document, the behavior of the CTCS-3 is specified as a set of basic operation scenarios that cooperate with each other to achieve safe and secure functionality of trains.Movement Authority(MA) scenario, explored in this paper, is considered as a basic and most crucial scenario to prevent trains from colliding with each other. The detailed discrete behavior of control system is modeled and verified using the Behavior Language for Embedded Systems with Software(BLESS) annex sublanguage of AADL, and the continuous behavior of train with the cyber–physical interaction(communication between train and control system) is modeled using the Hybrid annex sublanguage. The behavior of the MA scenario at system level is verified using the Hybrid Hoare Logic theorem prover. Behavior constraints are specified as assertions using first-order logic formulas augmented with a simple temporal operator. | AHMAD Ehsan DONG YunWei LARSON Brian Lü JiDong TANG Tao ZHAN NaiJun | 2015 | Science China(Information Sciences)2015，58，11： | 4 |
| 2 | Exposure measurement, risk assessment and source identification for exposure of traffic assistants to particle-bound PAHs in Tianjin, China显示文摘To investigate the levels of exposure to particulate-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon(PAH) and to estimate the risk these levels pose to traffic assistants(TAs) in Tianjin(a megacity in North China), a measurement campaign(33 all-day exposure samples, 25 occupational-exposure samples and 10 indoor samples) was conducted to characterize the TAs' exposure to PAHs, assess the cancer risk and identify the potential sources of exposure. The average total exposure concentration of 14 PAHs was approximately 2871 ± 928 ng/m3(on-duty), and 1622 ± 457 ng/m3(all-day). The indoor PAHs level was 1257 ± 107 ng/m3. After 8000 Monte Carlo simulations, the cancer risk resulting from exposure to PAHs was found to be approximately 1.05 × 10-4. A multivariate analysis was applied to identify the potential sources, and the results showed that, in addition to vehicle exhaust, coal combustion and cooking fumes were also another two important contributors to personal PAH exposure. The diagnostic ratios of PAH compounds agree with the source apportionment results derived from principal component analysis. | Xiaodan Xue Yan You Jianhui Wu Bin Han Zhipeng Bai Naijun Tang Liwen Zhang | 2014 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2014，26，2： | 2 |
| 3 | Effect of compound Guizhu capsule on phosphate and tension homology deleted on chromsome ten and murine double mimute 2 gene expression in lung cancer of mice显示文摘OBJECTIVE: To observe the inhibitory effect of the Chinese herbal compound Guizhu capsule(CGZC)on lung cancer and explore the possible mechanism underlying its actions by evaluating its effects on the expression of phosphate and tension homology deleted on chromsome ten(PTEN) and murine double mimute 2(MDM2) in lung cancer model mice.METHODS: A mouse model of transplanted lung cancer was established by subcutaneous inoculation of cancer cells into the axillae of mice. Twenty-four hours later, the mice were weighed and randomly divided into the model control group, cisplatin group(DDP group), and high, moderate and low dosage CGZC groups, with ten mice in each group. The control mice received an equal volume of distilled water. DDP was intraperitoneally injected at 1 mg/kg in the DDP group, once a day for 3days. CGZC diluted with distilled water was admin-istered at 20 g/kg(10 times the clinical adult dosage) in the high-dose group, 10 g/kg(5 times the clinical adult dosage) in the moderate-dose group and 5 g/kg(2.5 times the clinical adult dosage) in the low-dose group once a day for 10 days. On the11 th day, the mice were weighed and killed. The tumor tissues were weighed and the tumor inhibition rate was calculated. PTEN and MDM2 protein expression were detected by immunohistochemical analysis of tumor tissues.RESULTS: The CGZC high-and moderate-dose groups showed a significant inhibitory effect on tumor growth(P < 0.05); there was no significant difference between the high dose group and the DDP group(P > 0.05). The CGZC high-dose group also showed enhanced expression of PTEN protein(P <0.01) and decreased expression of MDM2 protein(P < 0.01) in lung cancer cells of the mice. There was no significant difference between the high dose group and the DDP group.CONCLUSION: CGZC has a significant inhibitory effect on transplanted lung cancer in mice. The mechanism may involve reducing expression of PTEN and decreasing the expression of MDM2 in the lung cancer tissues of the mice. | Cao Yong Zhang Shuyong Zhang Ge Zhang Na Zhang Lixia Huang Yuanliang Yuan Naijun Tang Xiaojuan Du Jiajin Fang Jiuyun | 2017 | Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine2017，37，4： | 1 |
| 4 | 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin promotes migration ability of primary cultured rat astrocytes via aryl hydrocarbon receptor显示文摘Emerging evidence showed that 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin(TCDD) could induce expression of certain reactivation-associated genes in astrocytes, however, the consequent cellular effects and molecular mechanisms are still unclear. During the process of astrocyte reactivation, migration is a critical cellular event. In the present study, we employed woundhealing assay and Transwell? motility assay to explore the effects of TCDD on cell migration in primary cultured rat cortical astrocytes. We found that upon TCDD treatments at relative low concentrations(10^(-10) and/or 10^(-9) mol/L), the ability of primary astrocytes to migrate horizontally and vertically was promoted. In line with this cellular effect, the mR NA expression of two promigratory genes, including cell division cycle 42(CDC42) and matrix metalloproteinase 2(MMP2)was induced by TCDD treatment. Dioxin exerts its toxic effects mainly through aryl hydrocarbon receptor(AhR) pathway. So the role of AhR pathway in the pro-migratory effects of TCDD was examined using an AhR antagonist, CH223191. We found that application of CH223191 significantly reversed the pro-migratory effects of TCDD. Interestingly, the basal ability of horizontal migration as well as basal levels of CDC42 and MMP2 expression were dramatically reduced suggesting a possible physiological role of AhR in maintaining the endogenous migration ability of the primary astrocytes. These findings support the notion that dioxin promotes astrocyte reactivation at molecular and cellular levels. | Yangsheng Chen Rui Sha Li Xu Yingjie Xia Yiyun Liu Xuejun Li Heidi Qunhui Xie Naijun Tang Bin Zhao | 2019 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2019，31，2： | 1 |
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