| 1 | Performance of Bt-susceptible and -heterozygous dual-gene resistant genotypes of Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E.Smith) (Lepidoptera:Noctuidae) in seed blends of non-Bt and pyramided Bt maize显示文摘A seed blend refuge has been implemented in the U.S.Corn Belt for Bt maize resistance management.The fall armyworm,Spodoptera frugiperda(J.E.Smith),is a target pest of Bt maize in the Americas.The larvae of this pest are mobile,which may affect the efficacy of seed blend refuges.In this study,field and greenhouse trials were conducted to determine the performance of Bt-susceptible(aabb)and-heterozygous dual-gene-resistant(AaBb)genotypes of S.frugiperda in seed blends of non-Bt and pyramided Bt maize.Three field trials evaluated larval survival,larval growth,and plant injury with aabb in seed blends of Bt maize expressing Cry1A.105/Cry2Ab2/Vip3A with 0–30%non-Bt seeds.Greenhouse tests investigated the performance of aabb and AaBb in seed blends of Cry1A.105/Cry2Ab2 with 0–30% non-Bt seeds.In pure non-Bt maize plots,after 9–13 d of neonates being released on the plants,0.39 and 0.65 larvae/plant survived with leaf injury ratings of 4.7 and 5.9(Davis's 1–9 scale)in the field and greenhouse,respectively.In contrast,live larvae and plant injury were virtually not observed on Bt plants across all planting patterns.Larval occurrence and plant injury by aabb on non-Bt plants were similar between seed blends and pure non-Bt plantings,suggesting that the blended refuges could provide an equivalent susceptible population as structured refuge under the test conditions.In the greenhouse,the two insect genotypes in seed blends performed similarly,indicating that the seed blends did not provide more favorable conditions for AaBb over aabb.The information generated from this study should be useful in managing S.frugiperda and evaluating if send blends could be suitable refuge options for Bt resistance management in the regions where the insect is a primary target pest. | Marcelo Dimase Sebe Brown Graham P.Head Paula A.Price Wade Walker Wenbo Yu Fangneng Huang | 2021 | Insect Science2021，28，4： | 1 |
| 2 | Senescent mesenchymal stem/stromal cells in pre-metastatic bone marrow of untreated advanced breast cancer patients显示文摘Breast cancer is the predominant form of carcinoma among women worldwide,with 70%of advanced patients developing bone metastases,with a high mortality rate.In this sense,the bone marrow(BM)mesenchymal stem/stromal cells(MSCs)are critical for BM/bone homeostasis,and failures in their functionality,transform the BM into a premetastatic niche(PMN).We previously found that BM-MSCs from advanced breast cancer patients(BCPs,infiltrative ductal carcinoma,stage III-B)have an abnormal profile.This work aims to study some of the metabolic and molecular mechanisms underlying MSCs shift from a normal to an abnormal profile in this group of patients.A comparative analysis was undertaken,which included self-renewal capacity,morphology,proliferation capacity,cell cycle,reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels,and senescence-associatedβ‑galactosidase(SA‑β‑gal)staining of BMderived MSCs isolated from 14 BCPs and 9 healthy volunteers(HVs).Additionally,the expression and activity of the telomerase subunit TERT,as well as telomere length,were measured.Expression levels of pluripotency,osteogenic,and osteoclastogenic genes(OCT-4,SOX-2,M-CAM,RUNX-2,BMP-2,CCL-2,M-CSF,and IL-6)were also determined.The results showed that MSCs from BCPs had reduced,self-renewal and proliferation capacity.These cells also exhibited inhibited cell cycle progression and phenotypic changes,such as an enlarged and flattened appearance.Additionally,there was an increase in ROS and senescence levels and a decrease in the functional capacity of TERT to preserve telomere length.We also found an increase in pro-inflammatory/pro-osteoclastogenic gene expression and a decrease in pluripotency gene expression.We conclude that these changes could be responsible for the abnormal functional profile that MSCs show in this group of patients. | FRANCISCO RAÚL BORZONE MARÍA BELÉN GIORELLO LEANDRO MARCELO MARTINEZ MARÍA CECILIA SANMARTIN LEONARDO FELDMAN FEDERICO DIMASE EMILIO BATAGELJ GUSTAVO YANNARELLI NORMA ALEJANDRA CHASSEING | 2023 | Oncology Research2023，31，3： | 0 |
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