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| 1 | An Evaluation of the Effects of Soil Characteristics on Mitigation and Restoration Involving Blue Elderberry,Sambucus mexicana显示文摘 | Molly Koch-Munz Marcel Holyoak | 2008 | Environmantal Management2008，42，： | 1 |
| 2 | Symposium“How to track wild animals without disturbance and subsequent bias”显示文摘Two major steps in field studies of wild animals have been their tagging and,more recently,their instrumen-tation with transmitters and loggers.While the contribution of both to our scientific knowledge is immense,the extent to which the data are reliable and therefore unbi-ased is however generally unknown.Yet,there is now evidence that,even in trained animals,human presence induces a long-lasting stress which is aggravated by capture and handling in order to either attach or recover the instruments,or to take biological samples.Moreover,attached tags and loggers result in a disturbance,partic-ularly for aquatic animals due to the increased drag in water.To determine the relative and overall impact of such disturbances and therefore to select or develop the best possible new instrumentation,it is obviously necessary to get data on undisturbed control animals or at least evaluate the magnitude of the effects of distur-bance on the parameters of interest. | Yvon Le Maho Marcel Holyoak | 2019 | Integrative Zoology2019，14，1： | 0 |
| 3 | Palatability and profitability of co-occurring seeds alter indirect interactions among rodent-dispersed trees显示文摘Beyond direct species interactions,seed dispersal is potentially affected by indirect seed–seed interactions among co-occurring nut-bearing trees which are mediated by scatter-hoarding animals as shared seed dispersers.A relevant question in such systems is to what extent different functional traits related to food palatability and profitability affect the kinds of indirect interactions that occur among co-occurring seeds,and the consequences for seed dispersal.We used field experiments to track seed dispersal with individually tagged seeds in both monospecific and mixed seed communities.We measured indirect effects based on 3 seed–seed species pairs from the family Fagaceae with contrasting seed size,tannin level,and dormancy in a subtropical forest in Southwest China.When all else was equal,the presence of adjacently placed seeds with contrasting seed traits created different indirect effects measured through a variety of dispersal-related indicators.Apparent mutualism was reciprocal due to increasing seed dispersal in mixed seed patches with mixed differences in seed tannins and dormancy.However,differences in either seed size or dormancy in co-occurring adjacently placed seeds caused apparent competition with reduced seed removal or seed dispersal(distance)in at least one species.Our study supports the hypothesis that different functional traits related to food palatability and profitability in co-occurring seeds modify foraging decisions of scatter-hoarding animals,and subsequently cause indirect effects on seed dispersal among rodent-dispersed trees.We conclude that such indirect effects mediated by shared seed dispersers may act as an important determinant of seed dispersal for co-fruiting animal-dispersed trees in many natural forests. | Zhishu XIAO Marcel HOLYOAK Charles J.KREBS Xiaoqun HUANG | 2022 | Integrative Zoology2022，17，2： | 0 |
| 4 | An intercontinental comparison of insect seed predation between introduced and native oaks显示文摘Novel interactions between introduced oaks and their natural enemies across different continents provide an opportunity to test the enemy release hypothesis(ERH)at local and global scales.Based on the ERH,we assessed the impacts of native seed-feeding insects on introduced and native oaks within and among continents.We combined a common-garden experiment in China and biogeographic literature surveys to measure seed predation by insects and the proportion of acorn embryos surviving after insect infestation among 4 oak species with different geographical origins:Quercus mongolica origin from China,Q.robur and Q.petraea from Europe,and Q.rubra from North America.Mostly supporting the ERH,oaks in introduced continents escaped seed predation compared to those in native continents and compared to other native oaks in introduced continents.Common-garden comparisons showed that total acorn infestation rate of introduced Q.rubra(section Lobatae)was considerably lower than that of native oaks(section Quercus)in China and Europe,likely because of the differences in seed traits associated with different oak sections.Literature surveys showed that seed predation of introduced oaks was lower in the introduced continent than in the native continent.Embryo survival was higher in introduced Q.rubra than native oaks in China and Poland.However,insect seed predation of recently introduced Q.rubra in China was similar to that in Europe,which is not consistent with the ERH.Our results suggest that reduced acorn attack by native insects and higher embryo survival after acorn damage could increase the establishment success or invasion risk of introduced oaks in non-native continents. | Xin SUN Haidong LI Aibing ZHANG AnikóHIRKA György CSÓKA Ian S.PEARSE Marcel HOLYOAK Zhishu XIAO | 2022 | Integrative Zoology2022，17，2： | 0 |
| 5 | Wavelet methods reveal big cat activity patterns and synchrony of activity with preys显示文摘Appropriate temporal and spatial scales are important prerequisites for obtaining reliable results in studies of wildlife activity patterns and interspecific interactions.The spread of camera-trap technology has increased interest in and feasibility of studying the activity patterns and interspecific interactions of wildlife.However,such studies are often conducted at arbitrary spatial and temporal scales,and the methods used impose scale on the study rather than determining how activity and species interactions change with spatial scale.In this study,we used a waveletbased approach to determine the temporal and spatial scales for activity patterns and interspecific interactions on Amur leopard and their ungulate prey species that were recorded using camera traps in the main Amur leopard occurrence region in northeast China.Wavelets identified that Amur leopards were more active in spring and fall than summer,and fluctuated with periodicities of 9 and 17 days,respectively.Synchronous relationships between leopards and their prey commonly occurred in spring and fall,with a periodicity of about 20 days,indicating the appropriate seasons and temporal scales for interspecific interaction research.The influence of human activities on the activity patterns of Amur leopard or prey species often occurred over longer time periods(60–64 days).Twodimensional wavelet analyses showed that interactions between leopard and prey were more significant at spatial scales of 1 km2.Overall,our study provides a feasible approach to studying the temporal and spatial scales for wildlife activity patterns and interspecific interaction research using camera trap data. | Jinzhe QI Marcel HOLYOAK Michael TDOBBINS Chong HUANG Qi LI Wen SHE Yao NING Quan SUN Guangshun JIANG Xiaochun WANG | 2022 | Integrative Zoology2022，17，2： | 0 |
| 6 | Spatiotemporal distribution of seasonal bird assemblages on land-bridge islands: linking dynamic and static views of metacommunities显示文摘Background: Although assessing temporal dynamics of populations is crucial for understanding metacommunities, empirical studies have primarily analyzed only static snapshots of communities. Here, we present a holistic view of how species traits and habitat characteristics relate to metacommunity dynamics and use it to test for differences in the spatiotemporal distribution of seasonal bird assemblages. Methods: We surveyed forest birds in breeding and winter seasons within 36 islands for 9 years. We then grouped birds into four landbird assemblages, selected on the basis of published differences in biology or ecology: winter residents, migratory winter visitors, breeding summer residents, and migratory summer visitors. We estimated dynamic species colonization and extirpation through the 9-year period, and evaluated the associations among island attributes, species attributes and community composition. Results: Overall, winter and summer residents showed strong associations between composition and habitat structure of the islands. In addition, winter and summer residents on large islands had lower extirpation and turnover than winter and summer visitors. Visitor assemblages showed no significant habitat associations, and in winter had high extirpation rates and small body sizes. By contrast, local extirpation of summer visitors was correlated with local species richness, indicating a likely effect of competition on extirpation. Conclusions: Our results demonstrated repeated patterns among species composition, bird traits, habitat/island characteristics and observed metacommunity dynamics. Winter and summer residents best matched species sorting and patch dynamics, respectively, due to differences in resource availability and requirements of overwinter survival versus breeding. Summer visitors were consistent with species sorting and winter visitors were randomly distributed, likely because of interactions with resident competitors. Our results highlight that coexisting seasonal migrant and resident assemblages differ in their spatial dynamics, with consequences for relevant conservation and management strategies. | Chuanwu Chen Marcel Holyoak Yanping Wang Xingfeng Si Ping Ding | 2019 | Avian Research2019，10，3： | 0 |
| 7 | The integration of climate change,spatial dynamics,and habitat fragmentation:A conceptual overview显示文摘A growing number of studies have looked at how climate change alters the effects of habitat fragmentation and degradation on both single and multiple species;some raise concern that biodiversity loss and its effects will be exacerbated.The published literature on spatial dynamics(such as dispersal and metapopulation dynamics),habitat fragmentation and climate change requires synthesis and a conceptual framework to simplify thinking.We propose a framework that integrates how climate change affects spatial population dynamics and the effects of habitat fragmentation in terms of:(i)habitat quality,quantity and distribution;(ii)habitat connectivity;and(iii)the dynamics of habitat itself.We use the framework to categorize existing autecological studies and investigate how each is affected by anthropogenic climate change.It is clear that a changing climate produces changes in the geographic distribution of climatic conditions,and the amount and quality of habitat.The most thorough published studies show how such changes impact metapopulation persistence,source-sink dynamics,changes in species’geographic range and community composition.Climate-related changes in movement behavior and quantity,quality and distribution of habitat have also produced empirical changes in habitat connectivity for some species.An underexplored area is how habitat dynamics that are driven by climatic processes will affect species that live in dynamic habitats.We end our discussion by suggesting ways to improve current attempts to integrate climate change,spatial population dynamics and habitat fragmentation effects,and suggest distinct areas of study that might provide opportunities for more fully integrative work. | Marcel HOLYOAK Sacha K.HEATH | 2016 | Integrative Zoology2016，11，1： | 0 |
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