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| 1 | Review of efficacy and safety of laxatives use in geriatrics显示文摘AIM:To study the efficacy and safety of pharmacolo-gical treatment of constipation in geriatrics.METHODS:Pub Med,MEDLINE,google scholar,and Ovid were searched to identify human studies performed on the use of laxatives in elderly with constipation,which were conducted between January1990 and January 2013 using the specified keywords.Controlled studies that enrolled geriatric patients with a diagnosis of constipation and addressed the efficacy and/or the safety of pharmacological treatments were included.Studies were excluded from this review if they were non-controlled trials,case series,or case reports.RESULTS:Out of twenty three studies we initially retrieved in our search,only nine studies met the eligibility criteria of being controlled trials within geriatrics.The laxatives examined in the nine studies were senna,lactulose,sorbital,polyethylene glycol(PEG),lubiprostone,linaclotide,and prucalopride.In those studies,senna combinations had a higher efficacy than sorbitol or lactulose as well as,a very good adverse effect profile.PEG was also shown to be safe and effective in geriatric population.Furthermore,it has been shown that PEG is as safe in geriatrics as in general population.New agents like lubiprostone and prucalopride show promising results but the data about these agents in geriatrics are still limited which warrant further investigation.CONCLUSION:Senna combinations and PEG appear to have a more favorable profile over the other traditionally used laxatives in elderly patients with constipation. | Manhal Izzy Anju Malieckal Erin Little Sury Anand | 2016 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics2016，7，2： | 3 |
| 2 | Accuracy of endoscopists' estimate of polyp size: A continuous dilemma显示文摘AIM: To examine the discrepancy, if any, between the endoscopist's estimate and pathologist's measurement of colonic polyp size. METHODS: We retrospectively studied 88 patients who underwent colonoscopy with a clear unequivocal documentation of polyp size by both the endoscopist and pathologist. Endoscopist measurements were based on the visual estimate of polyp size seen on high definition screens. The measurement was done by our pathologists after formalin fixation. We compared the endoscopist estimate of the polyp size to the pathologist measurement in order to explore the discordance between the two readings. Data regarding demographics and method of polypectomy(snare polypectomy vs excisional biopsy) was collected, as well. Statistical analysis software statistical software was used to analyze the data. RESULTS: Our cohort included 88 patients from which 111 polyps were removed. Fifty-two(46.8%) of the 111 polyps were excised using biopsy forceps and fiftynine(53.2%) were removed by snare. In the biopsy forceps group, the mean polyp size documented by the pathologist was 0.38 ± 0.19 cm and the mean polyp size documented by the endoscopist was 0.54 ± 0.16cm. The mean difference was 0.15 cm(P < 0.001). In the snare group, the mean polyp size documented by the pathologist was 0.54 ± 0.24 cm and the mean polyp size documented by the endoscopist 0.97 ± 0.34 cm. The mean difference was 0.42 cm(P < 0.001). Combining both groups, the mean size documented by pathologist was 0.46 ± 0.23 cm compared to 0.76 ± 0.35 cm documented by the endoscopist. The mean difference was 0.3 cm(95%CI: 0.23-0.36).CONCLUSION: Post polypectomy measurement by the pathologist are generally smaller than the endoscopist's estimate. | Manhal Izzy Muhammad Asif Virk Avi Saund Juan Tejada Faraj Kargoli Sury Anand | 2015 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2015，7，8： | 0 |
| 3 | 减重手术可使肝硬化患者长期受益显示文摘背景:肥胖常见于肝硬化患者,特别是非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)越来越流行之后。考虑到较高的围手术期风险,临床上会尽量避免对这些患者进行减重手术,因此,其长期疗效的数据仍然缺乏。本研究旨在评估减重手术对肝硬化患者中的长期疗效。方法:我们对2009年2月23日至2011年11月9日间开展的一项初步研究的病例资料进行回顾性分析,包括肝病情况、代谢状态及生存结果。该研究前瞻性地纳入接受减肥手术的代偿性肝硬化成人患者并对其进行随访。本研究对其中随访记录超过4年的患者进行描述性分析,以评估减肥手术的长期疗效。结果:全组共10例患者,其中女性7例。术后平均随访时间8.7-1.4年。所有患者均患有病理证实的NASH;2位患者并发未经治疗的丙型肝炎。随访期间,患者体重平均下降24 kg(相对于术前体重下降19.2%,P<0.001),仅1例患者重回术前水平。1例不宜肝移植的患者术后3年发生肝性脑病,随即去世;其余9例患者未发生肝性脑病、心血管事件或死亡。末次随访时,除1例吉尔伯特综合征患者之外,其余8例胆红素水平均在正常范围内。结论:减肥手术应用于使代偿性肝硬化患者,不仅可获得长期的减重效果,而且能保持稳定的肝功能。 | Manhal Izzy Mounika Angirekula Barham KAbu Dayyeh Fateh Bazerbachi Kymberly D.Watt | 2021 | Gastroenterology Report2021，9，3： | 0 |
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