| 1 | Dishwashers provide a selective extreme environment for human-opportunistic yeast-like fungi显示文摘Urban life has led to the creation of human-made environments that,from a microbiological perspective,provide extreme life conditions.Certain non-ubiquitous microorganisms such as thermophilic members of the black yeast genus Exophiala are enriched within these habitats for which no counterpart is known in nature.Dishwashers consistently accumulate a number of specific black,white and red yeasts on the rubber seals of doors and in stagnant water at the interior.Several of these yeasts are primarily known as agents of human opportunistic infections.In this review,the literature data are supported by a screening study involving 937 households in 15 cities in Turkey.Fungi were detected in 230 samples(24.5%).Using rDNA sequencing,the prevalent species were identified as Exophiala dermatitidis(n=116),Candida parapsilosis(n=44),E.phaeomuriformis(n=35),Magnusiomyces capitatus(n=22),Rhodotorula mucilaginosa(n=15),and C.lusitaniae(n=14).The possible role of dishwashers in transmitting disease is discussed. | Ramazan Gümral BetilÖzhak-Baysan Ayşegül Tümgör Mehmet Ali Saraçlı Şinasi Taner Yıldıran Macit Ilkit Jerneja Zupančič Monika Novak-Babič Nina Gunde-Cimerman Polona Zalar GSybren de Hoog | 2016 | Fungal Diversity2016，，1： | 0 |
| 2 | Phylogenetic and ecological reevaluation of the order Onygenales显示文摘The order Onygenales is classified in the class Eurotiomycetes of the subphylum Pezizomycotina.Families in this order have classically been isolated from soil and dung,and two lineages contain causative agents of superficial,cutaneous and systemic infections in mammals.The ecology and habitat choices of the species are driven mainly by the keratin and cellulose degradation abilities.The present study aimed to investigate whether the ecological trends of the members of Onygenales can be interpreted in an evolutionary sense,linking phylogenetic parameters with habitat preferences,to achieve polyphasic definitions of the main taxonomic groups.Evolutionary processes were estimated by multiple gene genealogies and divergence time analysis.Previously described families,namely,Arthrodermataceae,Ajellomycetaceae,Ascosphaeraceae,Eremascaceae,Gymnoascaceae,Onygenaceae and Spiromastigoidaceae,were accepted in Onygenales,and two new families,Malbrancheaceae and Neogymnomycetaceae,were introduced.A number of species could not be assigned to any of the defined families.Our study provides a revised overview of the main lines of taxonomy of Onygenales,supported by multilocus analyses of ITS,LSU,TUB,TEF1,TEF3,RPB1,RPB2,and ribosomal protein 60S L10(L1)(RP60S)sequences,combined with available data on ecology,physiology,morphology,and genomics. | Hazal Kandemir Karolina Dukik Marcus de Melo Teixeira J.Benjamin Stielow Fatima Zohra Delma Abdullah M.S.Al‑Hatmi Sarah A.Ahmed Macit Ilkit G.Sybren de Hoog | 2022 | Fungal Diversity2022，，4： | 0 |
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