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| 1 | Clinical outcomes following salvage Gamma Knife radiosurgery for recurrent glioblastoma显示文摘Glioblastoma multiforme(GBM) is the most common malignant primary brain tumor with a survival prognosis of 14-16 mo for the highest functioning patients. Despite aggressive, multimodal upfront therapies, the majority of GBMs will recur in approximately six months. Salvage therapy options for recurrent GBM(r GBM) are an area of intense research. This study compares recent survival and quality of life outcomes following Gamma Knife radiosurgery(GKRS) salvage therapy. Following a Pub Med search for studies usingGKRS as salvage therapy for malignant gliomas, nine articles from 2005 to July 2013 were identified which evaluated rG BM treatment. In this review, we compare overall survival following diagnosis, overall survival following salvage treatment, progression-free survival, time to recurrence, local tumor control, and adverse radiation effects. This report discusses results for rG BM patient populations alone, not for mixed populations with other tumor histology grades. All nine studies reported median overall survival rates(from diagnosis, range:16.7-33.2 mo; from salvage, range:9-17.9 mo). Three studies identified median progression-free survival(range:4.6-14.9 mo). Two showed median time to recurrence of GBM. Two discussed local tumor control. Six studies reported adverse radiation effects(range:0%-46% of patients). The greatest survival advantages were seen in patients who received GKRS salvage along with other treatments, like resection or bevacizumab, suggesting that appropriately tailored multimodal therapy should be considered with each rG BM patient. However, there needs to be a randomized clinical trial to test GKRS for rG BM before the possibility of selection bias can be dismissed. | Erik W Larson Halloran E Peterson Wayne T Lamoreaux Alexander R MacKay Robert K Fairbanks Jason A Call Jonathan D Carlson Benjamin C Ling John J Demakas Barton S Cooke Christopher M Lee | 2014 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2014，5，2： | 5 |
| 2 | The Changing Cold Regions Network:Observation,diagnosis and prediction of environmental change in the Saskatchewan and Mackenzie River Basins,Canada显示文摘Climate change is causing rapid and severe changes to many Earth systems and processes,with widespread cryospheric,ecological,and hydrological impacts globally,and especially in high northern latitudes.This is of major societal concern and there is an urgent need for improved understanding and predictive tools for environmental management.The Changing Cold Regions Network(CCRN)is a Canadian research consortium with a focus to integrate existing and new experimental data with modelling and remote sensing products to understand,diagnose,and predict changing land,water,and climate,and their interactions and feedbacks over the geographic domain of the Mackenzie and Saskatchewan River Basins in Canada.The network operates a set of 14 unique and focused Water,Ecosystem,Cryosphere and Climate(WECC)observatories within this region,which provide opportunities to observe and understand processes and their interaction,as well as develop and test numerical simulation models,and provide validation data for remote sensing products.This paper describes this network and its observational,experimental,and modelling programme.An overview of many of the recent Earth system changes observed across the study region is provided,and some local insights from WECC observatories that may partly explain regional patterns and trends are described.Several of the model products being developed are discussed,and linkages with the local to international user community are reviewed—In particular,the use of WECC data towards model and remote sensing product calibration and validation is highlighted.Some future activities and prospects for the network are also presented at the end of the paper. | Chris M DEBEER Howard S WHEATER William L QUINTON Sean K CAREY Ronald E STEWART Murray D MACKAY Philip MARSH | 2015 | Science China Earth Sciences2015，58，1： | 5 |
| 3 | Bayesian Neural Network Model for Aaustenite Formation in Steels显示文摘 | GAVARD L BHADESHIA H K D H MACKAY D J C | 1996 | Mater Sci Tech1996，12，7： | 1 |
| 4 | Real-time PCR in Virology 显示文摘 | Mackay I M Arden K E Nitsche A | 2002 | Nucleic Acids Res2002，30，6： | 1 |
| 5 | Pictorial element of destination image formation显示文摘 | MacKay K Fesenmaier D | 1997 | Annals of Tourism Research1997，24，3： | 1 |
| 6 | Pictorial Element of Destination in Image Formarion显示文摘 | MacKay K J Fesenmaier D R | 1997 | Annals of Tourism Research1997，24，3： | 1 |
| 7 | The natural history of ankylosing spondylitis as defined by radiological progression 显示文摘 | Brophy S Mackay K A1 Saidi A | 2002 | J Rheumatol2002，29，： | 1 |
| 8 | Arachidonic acid protects neonatal rat cardiac myocytes from ischaemic injury through epsilon protein kinase C 显示文摘 | Mackay K Mochly-Rosen D | 2001 | Cardiovasc Res2001，50，： | 1 |
| 9 | Real-time PCR in virology显示文摘 | Mackay I M Arden K E Nitsche A | | 0，，06： | 1 |
| 10 | The mutation rates of di-,tri-and tetranucleotide repeats in Drosophila melanogaster显示文摘 | Schug M D Hutter C M Wetterstrand K A Gaudette M S Mackay T F C Aquadro C F | | 0，，12： | 1 |
| 11 | Real-time PCR in virology 显示文摘 | Mackay I M Arden K E Nitsche A | 2002 | Nucleic Acids Res2002，30，6： | 1 |
| 12 | Effect of various ions, pH, and osmotic pressure on oxidation of elemental sulfur by Thiobacillus thiooxidans显示文摘 | SUZUKI I LEE D MACKAY B HARAHUC L OH J K | 1999 | Applied and Environmental Microbiology1999，65，11： | 1 |
| 13 | Evidence for the 'grasshopper' effect and fractionation during long-range atmospheric transport of organic contaminants显示文摘 | Gouin T Mackay D Jones K C | 2004 | Environ Pollut2004，128，： | 1 |
| 14 | Comparison of transient thermal conduction in tellurium and organic dye based digital optical storage media显示文摘 | Burgess A N Evans K E Mackay M | 1987 | J Appl Phys1987，61，： | 1 |
| 15 | CI solvent yellow 14 shows activity in the bone marrow micronucieus assay in both the rat and mouse 显示文摘 | ELLIOTr B M GRIFFITHS K MACKAY J M | | Mutagenesis0，12，4： | 1 |
| 16 | Interpreting,correlating,and predicitingthe multimedia concentrations of PCDD/Fsin the United Kingdom显示文摘 | MACKAY D JONES K C | 1999 | Environ Sci Technol1999，，33： | 1 |
| 17 | An analysis of simulated and observed global mean near - surface air temperature anomalies from 1979 to 1999: Trends and attribution of causes 显示文摘 | MacKay R M Ko M K W | 2001 | Chemosphere - Global Change Science2001，3，4： | 1 |
| 18 | Differentiating infection from vaccination in foot-and-mouth disease using a panel of recombinant non-structural proteins in ELISA显示文摘 | Mackay D K J Forsyth M A Davies P R | 1997 | Vaccine1997，16，5： | 1 |
| 19 | A multicenter pilot external quality assessment programme to assess the quality of molecular detection of Chlamydophila pneumoniae and Mycoplasma pneu- moniae显示文摘 | Loens K Mackay W G Scott C | 2010 | J Microbiol Meth2010，82，2： | 1 |
| 20 | The development and validation of a radiographic grading system for the hip in ankylosing spondylitis: the bath ankylosing spondylitis radiology hip index显示文摘 | Mackay K Brophy S Mack C | 2000 | J Rheumatol2000，27，12： | 1 |
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