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| 1 | 健康领域的文化能力显示文摘1背景
尽管人类对其他社会的兴趣纵贯历史的各个阶段,但是检验不同文化概念对人类健康实践的影响从20世纪才开始,当时是伴随着长期的人类学田野调查产生的,这些田野调查揭露了不同文化之间相关卫生实践的多样性、复杂性和连续性。 | Napier A D Ancarno C Butler B Calabrese j Chater A Chatterjee H Guesnet F Home R Jacyna S Jadhav S Macdonald A Neuendorf U Parkhurst A Reynolds R Scambler G Shamdasani S Smith S Z Stougaard-Nielsen J Thomson L Tyler N Volkmann A M Walker T Watson J Williams AC Willott C Wilson J Woolf K | 2016 | 中国卫生政策研究2016，9，2： | 5 |
| 2 | Comparison of cytokine and phosphoprotein profiles in idiopathic and Crohn’s disease-related perianal fistula显示文摘BACKGROUND Perianal fistulae are either primary(idiopathic)or secondary[commonly associated with Crohn’s disease,(CD)].It is assumed,although not proven,that the pathophysiology differs.AIM To systematically compare the clinical phenotypes,cytokine and phosphoprotein profiles of idiopathic and CD-related perianal fistulae.METHODS Sixty-one patients undergoing surgery for perianal fistula were prospectively recruited(48 idiopathic,13 CD)into a cohort study.Clinical data,including the Perineal Disease Activity Index(PDAI)and EQ-5D-5L were collected.Biopsies of the fistula tract,granulation tissue,internal opening mucosa and rectal mucosa were obtained at surgery.Concentrations of 30 cytokines and 39 phosphoproteins were measured in each biopsy using a magnetic bead multiplexing instrument and a chemiluminescent antibody array respectively.Over 12000 clinical and 23500 laboratory measurements were made.RESULTS The PDAI was significantly higher(indicating more active disease)in the CD group with a mean difference of 2.40(95%CI:0.52-4.28,P=0.01).Complex pathoanatomy was more prevalent in the CD group,namely more multiple fistulae,supralevator extensions,collections and rectal thickening.The IL-12p70 concentration at the internal opening specimen site was significantly higher(median difference 19.7 pg/mL,99%CI:0.2-40.4,P=0.008)and the IL-1RA/IL-1βratio was significantly lower in the CD group at the internal opening specimen site(median difference 15.0,99%CI=0.4-50.5,P=0.008).However in the remaining 27 cytokines and all 39 of the phosphoproteins across the four biopsy sites,no significant differences were found between the groups.CONCLUSION CD-related perianal fistulae are more clinically severe and anatomically complex than idiopathic perianal fistulae.However,overall there are no major differences in cytokine and phosphoprotein profiles. | James B Haddow Omar Musbahi Thomas T MacDonald Charles H Knowles | 2019 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology2019，10，4： | 2 |
| 3 | 文化、不平等性与卫生服务提供显示文摘1动态不平等性对基层医疗卫生人力的影响
政治、社会、文化、专业群体皆建立在一致且常规的人类行为之上。当遭受巨大变革和内外压力时,这些群体会变得十分脆弱。尤其在动荡时期,这些群体往往更关注社会和文化的差异性,而非二者的一致性。尽管社会中的个体思维和行为会呈现较大的差异,但对健康的感知具有统一性,并在更广范围人群内尤为突出,这主要归因于文化价值观的作用。广义的文化心态会随着时间和地理位置的不同而不同,就像健康的社会决定因素也会因文化类型的不同而产生差异。 | Napier A D Ancarno C Butler B Calabrese J Chater A Chatterjee H Guesnet F Horne R Jacyna S Jadhav S Macdonald A Neuendorf U Parkhurst A Reynolds R Scambler G Shamdasani S Smith S Z Stougaard-Nielsen J Thomson L Tyler N Volkmann A M Walker T Watson J Williams A C Willott C Wilson J Woolf K | 2016 | 中国卫生政策研究2016，9，3： | 2 |
| 4 | 在 7T 的多原子的磁性的回声光谱学的应用显示文摘 AIM: To discuss the advantages of ultra-high field (7T) for 1H and 13C magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) studies of metabolism.made at both 3 and 7T using 1H MRS. Measurements of glycogen and lipids in muscle were measured using 13C and 1H MRS respectively. RESULTS: In the brain, increased signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and dispersion allows spectral separation of the amino-acids glutamate, glutamine and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), without the need for sophisticated editing sequences. Improved quantification of these me-tabolites is demonstrated at 7T relative to 3T. SNR was 36% higher, and measurement repeatability (% coefficients of variation) was 4%, 10% and 10% at 7T, vs 8%, 29% and 21% at 3T for glutamate, glutamine and GABA respectively. Measurements at 7T were used to compare metabolite levels in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and insula. Creatine and glutamate levels were found to be significantly higher in the insula compared to the ACC (P < 0.05). In muscle, the increased SNR and spectral resolution at 7T enables interleaved studies of glycogen (13C) and intra-myocellular lipid (IMCL) and extra-myocellular lipid (EMCL) (1H) following exercise and refeeding. Glycogen levels were sig-nificantly decreased following exercise (-28% at 50% VO2 max; -58% at 75% VO2 max). Interestingly, levels of glycogen in the hamstrings followed those in the quadriceps, despite reduce exercise loading. No changes in IMCL and EMCL were found in the study. CONCLUSION: The demonstrated improvements in brain and muscle MRS measurements at 7T will increase the potential for use in investigating human metabolism and changes due to pathologies. | Mary C Stephenson Frances Gunner Antonio Napolitano Paul L Greenhaff Ian A MacDonald Nadeem Saeed William Vennart Susan T Francis Peter G Morris | 2011 | World Journal of Radiology2011，3，4： | 2 |
| 5 | It's time to revise the definition of satus epileptics 显示文摘 | Lowenstein DH Bleck T MacDonald RL | 1999 | Epilepsia1999，40，1： | 1 |
| 6 | Development and evaluation of consensus based sediment quality guidelines for freshwater eeosystems显示文摘 | MacDonald D D Ingersoll C G Berger T A | 2000 | Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology2000，39，1： | 1 |
| 7 | 医疗卫生保健文化的反思及促进健康与文化融合的建议显示文摘1医疗卫生保健文化的反思1.1健康文化与医学知识如果医务人员有充足的时间对患者进行诊断并帮助患者进行社区护理,就可在节省卫生费用的同时改善健康结果。整合型社区护理能缩小不同文化背景和群体健康需求的差异。然而,全球范围内对整合型社区护理的投入较少,原因之一就是20世纪对临床服务的重视弱化了卫生服务提供过程中的同情心理。当然,患者也对医学知识存在显性和隐性的影响(特别是当其因不遵医嘱而受到指责时)。 | Napier A D Ancarno C Butler B Calabrese J Chater A Chatterjee H Guesnet F Horne R Jacyna S Jadhav S Macdonald A Neuendorf U Parkhurst A Reynolds R Scambler G Shamdasani S Smith S Z Stougaard-Nielsen J Thomson L Tyler N Volkmann A M Walker T Watson J Williams A C Willott C Wilson JWoolf K | 2016 | 中国卫生政策研究2016，9，4： | 1 |
| 8 | Effects of feeding blends of grains naturally contaminated with Fusarium mycotoxins on brain regional neurochemistry of starter pigs and broiler chickens 显示文摘 | Swamy H V Smith T K MacDonald E J | 2004 | Journal of Animal Science2004，82，7： | 1 |
| 9 | New players in the cytokine orchestra of inflammatory bowel disease显示文摘 | FANTINI M C MONTELEONE G MACDONALD T T | 2007 | Inflamm Bowel Dis2007，13，： | 1 |
| 10 | Two merger integration imperatives: Urgency and execution显示文摘 | Bert A MacDonald T Herd T | 2003 | Strategy and Leadership2003，37，： | 1 |
| 11 | Response criteria for phase II studies of supratentorial malignant glioma 显示文摘 | Macdonald D R Cascino T L Schold S C Jr | 1990 | J ClinOncol1990，8，： | 1 |
| 12 | Bcl-2 family on guard at the ER显示文摘 | Szegezdi E Macdonald D C Ni Chonghaile T | 2009 | AmJ Physiol Cell Physiol2009，296，5： | 1 |
| 13 | Development and evaluation of consensus-based sediment quality guidelines for freshwater ecosystems显示文摘 | MacDONALD D D INGERSOLL C G BERGER T A | 2000 | Arch Environ Contam Toxicol2000，39，： | 1 |
| 14 | It's time to revise the definition of status epilepticus显示文摘 | Lowenstein DH Bleck T Macdonald RL | 1999 | Epilepsia1999，40，1： | 1 |
| 15 | Actomyosin stabilization to freeze-thaw and heat denaturation by lactate salts显示文摘 | MacDonald G A Lanier T C | 1994 | Journal of Food Science1994，，59： | 1 |
| 16 | Bcl-2 family on guard at the ER显示文摘 | Szegezdi E Macdonald D C Ni Chonghaile T | 2009 | Am J Physiol Cell Physiol2009，296，5： | 1 |
| 17 | 13-sitosterol for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a systematic review显示文摘 | T J Wilt R Macdonald A Ishant | 1999 | BJU International1999，83，： | 1 |
| 18 | Basic principles of photodynamic therapy 显示文摘 | Macdonald I J Dougherty T J | 2001 | J Porphyr Phthaiocya2001，5，2： | 1 |
| 19 | It's time to revise the definition of status epilepticus 显示文摘 | Lowenstein DH Bleck T MacDonald RL | 1999 | Epilepsia1999，40，1： | 1 |
| 20 | Responsse criteria for phase Ⅱ studies of supratentorial malignant glioma显示文摘 | Macdonald D Caseino T Schold S | 1990 | J Clin Oneol1990，8，： | 1 |
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