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| 1 | A review of the roles of forest canopy gaps显示文摘Treefall gap, canopy opening caused by the death of one or more trees, is the dominant form of disturbance in many forest systems worldwide. Gaps play an important role in forest ecology helping to preserve bio- and pedo-diversity, influencing nutrient cycles, and maintaining the complex structure of the late-successional forests. Over the last 30 years, numerous reviews have been written describing gap dynamics. Here we synthesize current understanding on gap dynamics relating to tree regeneration with particular emphasis on gap characteristics considered critical to develop ecologically sustainable forest management systems and to conserve native biodiversity. Specifically, we addressed the question: how do gaps influence forest structure? From the literature reviewed, the size of gaps induces important changes in factors such as light intensity, soil humidity and soil biological properties that influence tree species regeneration and differ in gaps of different sizes. Shadetolerant species can colonize small gaps; shade-intolerant species need large gaps for successful regeneration. Additionally, gap dynamics differ between temperate, boreal, and tropical forests, showing the importance of climate differences in driving forest regeneration. This review summarizes information of use to forest managers who design cutting regimes that mimic natural disturbances and who must consider forest structure, forest climate, and the role of natural disturbance in their designs. | Adele Muscolo Silvio Bagnato Maria Sidari Roberto Mercurio | 2014 | Journal of Forestry Research2014，25，4： | 22 |
| 2 | Short-term effects of different fire severities on soil properties and Pinus halepensis regeneration显示文摘Considering that diverse fire severities can affect soil properties differently,the aim of this study was to examine to what extent changes in soil properties caused by fire could condition seedling establishment.This new approach is for identifying a new fire cause-effect chain to qualify the impacts of fire on soils with the purpose of using fire as a tool in forest management to favour Pinus halepensis Mill.regeneration.The study area was a reforested P.halepensis area which had been crossed by fire for78.8 ha,causing various degrees of damage.The forest was subdivided into three large areas according to the gravity of crown scorch,[low(LS),medium(MS)and high(HS)severity],on the basis of needle yellowing which usually occurs after exposure to direct flames.Results showed significant differences in soil properties with respect to fire severity.In the HS area,total nitrogen and carbon were considerably reduced while ash and phosphorus contents significantly increased.The changes in soil properties,in particular to nutrient levels,affected P.halepensis regeneration,mainly the first year after the fire.Greater regeneration occurred in areas affected by moderate fire severity in which the temperatures reached increased the mineralization of soil organic matter with the consequent release of nutrients available for seedling growth.Additionally,moderate fire severity suppressed the regeneration of grasses,reducing the interspecific competition.Heights of seedlings were inversely proportional to the density of grasses.Where the number was abundant(LS),the height was modest;conversely,where the number was low(HS),the greater hypsometric differentiation of pine seedlings was observed.These results suggest that moderate fire severity represents an environmental stress(hormesis)altering microscale conditions to increase pine germination and establishment.The exposure of P.halpensis to a moderate environmental factor that is damaging at higher intensities,induces an adaptive beneficial effect on seedling regeneration.This data can re-evaluate the assertion that coniferous burned areas,if left unmanaged,would remain unproductive for an indefinite period. | Federico Romeo Pasquale A.Marziliano Maria Belén Turrión Adele Muscolo | 2020 | Journal of Forestry Research2020，31，4： | 2 |
| 3 | Arthroscopic-assisted surgical technique for treating patella fractures 显示文摘 | Aponte TL Muscolo DL | 2002 | Arthroscopy2002，18，6： | 1 |
| 4 | Comparison of sagittalobliquity of the reconstructed anterior cruciate ligament with native anterior cr-uciate ligament using magnetic resonance imaging显示文摘 | AYERZA M A MUSCOLO D L COSTA-PAZ M | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 5 | Arthroscopic assisted surgical technique for treating patella fractures 显示文摘 | Makino A Aponte-Tinao L Muscolo D L | 2002 | Arthroscopy2002，18，6： | 1 |
| 6 | Arthroscopic assistedsurgical technique for treating patella fractures显示文摘 | Makino A Aponte-Tinao L Muscolo DL | 2002 | Arthroscopy2002，18，6： | 1 |
| 7 | Proximal tibia osteoarticular allografts in tumor limb salvage surgery显示文摘 | Muscolo DL Ayerza MA Farfalli G | | 0，，05： | 1 |
| 8 | Arthroscopic-assisted surgical technique for treating patellar fractures显示文摘 | Makino A Aponte Tinao L Muscolo DL | 2002 | Arthroscopy2002，18，6： | 1 |
| 9 | Morselized and structural cortical allograft reconstruction after intralesional curet- tage of a distal femoral giant-cell tumor 显示文摘 | Ayerza MA Aponte-Tinao LA Muscolo DL | 2006 | Orthopedics2006，29，8： | 1 |
| 10 | Human leukocyte antigen matching,radiographic score and histologic findigs in massive frozed bone allografts显示文摘 | Ayerza MA Calabrese ME | 1996 | Clin Orthop1996，326，： | 1 |
| 11 | Magnetic resonance imaging follow up study of bone bruises associated with anterior cruciate ligament rupture 显示文摘 | Costa Paz M Muscolo DL Ayerza M | 2001 | Arthroscopy2001，17，： | 1 |
| 12 | Arthroscopic-as-sisted surgical technique for treating patellar fractures显示文摘 | Makino A Apone-Tinao L Muscolo D L | 2002 | Arthroscopy2002，18，2： | 1 |
| 13 | Effect of long-term irrigation water salinity on soil properties and microbial biomass显示文摘 | Muscolo A Mallamaci C Panuccio M R | 2011 | Ecological Questions2011，14，： | 1 |
| 14 | Magnetic resonanc imaging follow up study of bone bruises as sociated with anterio cruciate ligament rupture 显示文摘 | Costa-paz M Muscolo DL Ayerza M | 2001 | Arthroscopy2001，17，： | 1 |
| 15 | Magnetic resonance imaging follow-up study of bone bruises associated with anterior cruciate ligament rupture显示文摘 | Costa-Paz M Muscolo DL Ayerza M | 2001 | Arthroscopy2001，17，： | 1 |
| 16 | Athroscopic assisted surgical technique for treating patellar fractures显示文摘 | Marino A Pponte L Muscolo OL | 2002 | Arthroscopy2002，18，6： | 1 |
| 17 | Long-term results of allograft replacement after total calcanectomyA report of two cases显示文摘 | Muscolo DL Ayerza MA Aponte-Tinao LA | 2000 | J Bone Joint Surg(Am)2000，82，1： | 1 |
| 18 | Physiological effects of humic substances on higher plants显示文摘 | Nardi S Pizzeghello D Muscolo A | 2002 | Soil Biology and Biochemistry2002，34，： | 1 |
| 19 | Effect of earthworm humic substances on estcrase and peroxidase activity during growth of leaf explants of Nicotiana plumbginifolia 显示文摘 | Muscolo A Felici M Concheri G | 1993 | Biology and Fertility of Soils1993，15，： | 1 |
| 20 | Survival, recurrence, and function after epiphyseal preservation and allograft reconstruction in osteosarcoma of the knee显示文摘 | Aponte-Tinao L Ayerza MA Muscolo DL | 2015 | Clin Orthop Relat Res2015，473，5： | 1 |
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